The Scenery of Knowledge"s Language-Game in Wittgenstein"s Philosophical Investigations

Our purpose is to take into account Wittgenstein"s analyses about knowledge in the Philosophical Investigations, in order to articulate them and elaborate a concept of knowledge (Wissen). My first claim is that this is possible. My second claim is that the complexity of this concept has not been taken into consideration and its originality has been misunderstood in the horizon of the Philosophy of Mind (Vohra, A. 1986), of Philosophy of Psychology (Schulte, J. 1993; Budd, M. 1989). My objection is that the analysis of "knowledgeâ€? presupposes the dissolution of mind and psychology. My third claim concerns the interpretation of the verb "to knowâ€? from K. Bühler"s point of view as a kind of signal (Signal), at least in some uses, and as a symbol or an expression in some others. This connection concerning "knowledgeâ€? has not been brought out in, e.g., (Hacker, P.M.S. 1993; von Savigny, E. and Scholz, O.R. 1995)

The Informational Foundation of the Human Act

This book is the result of a collective research effort performed during many years in both Sweden and Spain. It is the result of attempting to develop a new field of research that could we denominate «human act informatics.» The goal has been to use the technologies of information to the study of the human act in general, including embodied acts and disembodied acts. The book presents a theory of the quantification of the informational value of human acts as order, opposing the living order against entropy. We present acting as a set of decisions and choices aimed to create order and to impose Modernity. Karl Popper’s frequency theory of probability is applied to characterize human acts regarding their degree of freedom and to set up a scale of order in human decisions. The traditional theory of economics and social science characterize the human act as rational, utilitarian and ethical. Our results emphasize that the unique significance of an act lies in its capacity to generate order. An adequate methodology is then presented to defend such hypothesis according to which, the rationality respective irrationality of acting, is in fact only a function of the act’s organizational capacity. From this perspective, it has been necessary to define «order» respective «disorder» as operative concepts that allowed the comparison of the organizational differences generated by each kind of act. According to the presented conclusions, the spontaneity of living, as unconscious thinking, dreaming, loving, etc. and the mainstream of the human acts, are utilitarian, but in an irrational way; they are rooted in unconscious drifts and therefore must be considered irrational-utility acts

Kindness in memorable university teachers

The article presents some insights derived from research on ‘good teaching practices’ in the context of the School of Humanities, Mar del Plata State University, Argentina. He professor in charge of the ‘Introduction to Philosophy’ course has been signaled as ‘memorable’ by her advanced students, and thus become part of the investigation. In her classes, the relationship with the students entails peculiar ethical dimensions, and hospitality is one of the categories involved in her didactic proposal. Much data has been gathered through ethnographic reports of classwork, interviews, surveys and analysis of reference materials, which aims at throwing light into good teaching at university, as part of the investigation conducted by the Research Team on Education and Cultural Studies (GIEEC) in this University.Fil: Porta Vazquez, Luis Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Flores, Graciela Nelida. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; Argentin

Case study Guatemalan raspberries and cyclospora

"The Guatemalan raspberry industry began exporting to the United States in the late 1980s, filling a market niche in the spring and fall when supplies were low. By 1996, Guatemalan raspberry exports were increasing rapidly, up 113 percent from the previous season. That spring and early summer, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Health Canada received reports of more than 1,465 cases of food-borne illness from Cyclospora, a protozoan parasite. Although no one died, the large number of cases generated substantial adverse publicity. Initially, investigators linked the outbreak to California strawberries, but they finally decided that it was associated with Guatemalan raspberries. This case study reviews the efforts to resolve this food safety problem. It is a cautionary tale about the serious impact a food safety outbreak can have on a promising industry. " from TextFood safety ,food security ,Public health ,