Geographic Distribution of Childhood Cancer in Brazil and the Time between the Diagnosis and the Start of Treatment: An Analysis of Hospital-Based Cancer Registries, 2010-2016

Objective: To analyze the distribution of childhood cancer in Brazil and the time between the diagnosis and the start of treatment, according to hospital-based cancer registries (2010-2016). Material and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study using secondary data (36,187 records) from hospital databases of the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Onco-center Foundation of São Paulo (FOSP). Epidemiological data were obtained, and compliance with Federal Law 12,732/12 was verified, which establishes a maximum period of 60 days to start cancer therapy after the diagnosis. Absolute and percent frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the coefficient of prevalence of childhood cancer were calculated. Results: The mean age of the pediatric patients was 9.3 years (± 6.2); 54.1% (n=19,586) of them were males; 32.0% (n=11,440) were aged 0 to 4 years; and 43.4% (n=11,338) had a self-reported mixed-race skin color. The Southeast region of Brazil accounted for 40.2% (n=14,564) of the cases, of which 63.0% (n=9,178) corresponded to solid neoplasms, as opposed to the North region, where hematological neoplasms prevailed (53.9%, n=1,535). Most registered patients aged 0 to 19 years were treated in 60 days or less (77%, n=27,929). However, for 24.0% (n = 2,207) of adolescents (15 to 19 years) this time was more than 60 days after the diagnosis. Conclusion: The characteristics related to childhood cancer varied across the Brazilian geographic regions, and most patients were properly treated within the time enforced by law

Characterization of childhood cancer in Brazil from the hospital-based cancer registries, 2000-2016 / Caracterização do câncer infantojuvenil no Brasil a partir dos Registros Hospitalares de Câncer (RHC), 2000-2016

Objective: To characterize childhood cancer in Brazil, based on the national and regional investigation of hospital-based cancer registrie, from 2000 to 2016. Methods: Observational, retrospective and secondary-based study, with a sample of 71,925 records containing information of children and adolescents (0 to 19 years old). Results: Childhood cancer was more frequent in males (54.3%), among children aged 0 to 4 years (31.1%), with brown skin color (40.4%), and residents of the region Northeast (59.7%). Leukemias, myeloproliferative diseases and myelodysplastic diseases (28.8%) were the most relevant pathologies. There was a predominance of solid tumors (58.5) and chemotherapy was the most commonly administered therapy at the beginning of treatment (48.7%). It was noticed that 78.6% of the individuals started the treatment within 60 days after diagnostic confirmation. Conclusion: It was possible to know the demographic, clinical and care profile of children and adolescents with cancer in Brazil, and by region.Objetivo: Caracterizar el cáncer infantil en Brasil, con base en la investigación nacional y regional de registros hospitalarios de cáncer (RHC), de 2000 a 2016. Métodos: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo y secundario, con una muestra de 71,925 registros que contienen información de niños. y adolescentes (0 a 19 años). Resultados: El cáncer infantil fue más frecuente en hombres (54,3%), entre niños de 0 a 4 años (31,1%), con piel morena (40,4%) y residentes de la región Nordeste (59,7%). Las leucemias, las enfermedades mieloproliferativas y las enfermedades mielodisplásicas (28,8%) fueron las patologías más relevantes. Hubo predominio de los tumores sólidos (58,5) y la quimioterapia fue la terapia más administrada al inicio del tratamiento (48,7%). Se observó que el 78,6% de los individuos inició el tratamiento dentro de los 60 días posteriores a la confirmación del diagnóstico. Conclusión: fue posible conocer el perfil demográfico, clínico y de atención de niños y adolescentes con cáncer en Brasil y por región.Objetivo: caracterizar o câncer infantojuvenil no Brasil, a partir da investigação nacional e regional dos registros hospitalares de câncer (RHC), no período de 2000 a 2016. Métodos: estudo observacional, retrospectivo e de base secundária, com amostra de 71.925 registros contendo informações de crianças e adolescentes (0 a 19 anos). Resultados: o câncer infantojuvenil foi mais frequente no sexo masculino (54,3%), entre crianças de 0 e 4 anos de idade (31,1%), com cor de pele parda (40,4%), e residentes da região Nordeste (59,7%). As leucemias, doenças mieloproliferativas e doenças mielodisplásicas (28,8%) foram as patologias mais relevantes. Houve predominância dos tumores sólidos (58,5) e a quimioterapia foi a terapêutica mais administrada no início do tratamento (48,7%). Percebeu-se que 78,6% dos indivíduos iniciaram o tratamento até 60 dias após comprovação diagnóstica. Conclusão: foi possível conhecer o perfil demográfico, clínico e assistencial das crianças e adolescentes com câncer no Brasil, e por regiões.

Tooth loss and associated factors in patients with coagulopathies in the State of Paraíba, Brazil

BACKGROUND The most common and best known hereditary coagulopathies are hemophilia A and B followed by von Willebrand Disease. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of tooth loss and investigate its association with demographic and socioeconomic data, as well as to discuss self-reported oral morbidity and use of health services by patients with coagulopathies treated in blood centers in Paraíba, Brazil. METHODS This was a quantitative cross-sectional epidemiological survey. Data was collected in the period from October 2011 to July 2012 by clinical examination and by assessing interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The findings were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics with the level of significance (α) being set at 10%. RESULTS One hundred and six, predominantly male (88.8%), patients with coagulopathies were evaluated. The ages ranged from one to 59 years. Most patients were of mixed race (61.3%), most reported family incomes between R$501.00 and R$ 1500.00 (49.1%), and most had not completed elementary school (37.1%). Hemophilia A was found in 76.4% of the cases. The prevalence of dental caries among individuals was 50.0% predominantly in the 13- to 19-year-old age range (66.7%). As regards to tooth loss, teeth were missing in 35.1% of the study participants. CONCLUSION Tooth loss is high in this population. Males with severe hemophilia A, those who use fluoride and have a good or very good perception about their last dental appointment have a reduced chance of losing their teeth