Probing Non-Abelian Statistics in nu=12/5 Quantum Hall State

The tunneling current and shot noise of the current between two Fractional Quantum Hall (FQH) edges in the $\nu=12/5$ FQH state in electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer are studied. It is shown that the tunneling current and shot noise can be used to probe the existence of $k=3$ parafermion statistics in the $\nu=12/5$ FQH state. More specifically, the dependence of the current on the Aharonov-Bohm flux in the Read-Rezayi state is asymmetric under the change of the sign of the applied voltage. This property is absent in the Abelian Laughlin states. Moreover the Fano factor can exceed 12.7 electron charges in the $\nu=12/5$ FQH state . This number well exceeds the maximum possible Fano factor in all Laughlin states and the $\nu=5/2$ Moore-Read state which was shown previously to be $e$ and $3.2 e$ respectively.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Recursion Relations in Liouville Gravity coupled to Ising Model satisfying Fusion Rules

The recursion relations of 2D quantum gravity coupled to the Ising model discussed by the author previously are reexamined. We study the case in which the matter sector satisfies the fusion rules and only the primary operators inside the Kac table contribute. The theory involves unregularized divergences in some of correlators. We obtain the recursion relations which form a closed set among well-defined correlators on sphere, but they do not have a beautiful structure that the bosonized theory has and also give an inconsistent result when they include an ill-defined correlator with the divergence. We solve them and compute the several normalization independent ratios of the well-defined correlators, which agree with the matrix model results.Comment: Latex, 22 page

The role of depressive symptoms and symptom dimensions in actigraphy-assessed sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity

BACKGROUND: Considering the heterogeneity of depression, distinct depressive symptom dimensions may be differentially associated with more objective actigraphy-based estimates of physical activity (PA), sleep and circadian rhythm (CR). We examined the association between PA, sleep, and CR assessed with actigraphy and symptom dimensions (i.e. mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, sleep).METHODS: Fourteen-day actigraphy data of 359 participants were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. PA, sleep, and CR estimates included gross motor activity (GMA), sleep duration (SD), sleep efficiency (SE), relative amplitude between daytime and night-time activity (RA) and sleep midpoint. The 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology was used to assess depressive symptoms, which were categorised in three depression dimensions: mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, and sleep.RESULTS: GMA and RA were negatively associated with higher score on all three symptom dimensions: mood/cognition (GMA: β = -0.155, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.116, p = 0.002), somatic/vegetative (GMA: β = -0.165, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.133, p &lt; 0.001), sleep (GMA: β = -0.169, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.190, p &lt; 0.001). The association with sleep was more pronounced for two depression dimensions: longer SD was linked to somatic/vegetative (β = 0.115, p = 0.015) dimension and lower SE was linked to sleep (β = -0.101, p = 0.011) dimension.CONCLUSION: As three symptom dimensions were associated with actigraphy-based low PA and dampened CR, these seem to be general indicators of depression. Sleep disturbances appeared more linked to the somatic/vegetative and sleep dimensions; the effectiveness of sleep interventions in patients reporting somatic/vegetative symptoms may be explored, as well as the potential of actigraphy to monitor treatment response to such interventions.</p

The role of depressive symptoms and symptom dimensions in actigraphy-assessed sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity

BACKGROUND: Considering the heterogeneity of depression, distinct depressive symptom dimensions may be differentially associated with more objective actigraphy-based estimates of physical activity (PA), sleep and circadian rhythm (CR). We examined the association between PA, sleep, and CR assessed with actigraphy and symptom dimensions (i.e. mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, sleep).METHODS: Fourteen-day actigraphy data of 359 participants were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. PA, sleep, and CR estimates included gross motor activity (GMA), sleep duration (SD), sleep efficiency (SE), relative amplitude between daytime and night-time activity (RA) and sleep midpoint. The 30-item Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology was used to assess depressive symptoms, which were categorised in three depression dimensions: mood/cognition, somatic/vegetative, and sleep.RESULTS: GMA and RA were negatively associated with higher score on all three symptom dimensions: mood/cognition (GMA: β = -0.155, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.116, p = 0.002), somatic/vegetative (GMA: β = -0.165, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.133, p &lt; 0.001), sleep (GMA: β = -0.169, p &lt; 0.001; RA: β = -0.190, p &lt; 0.001). The association with sleep was more pronounced for two depression dimensions: longer SD was linked to somatic/vegetative (β = 0.115, p = 0.015) dimension and lower SE was linked to sleep (β = -0.101, p = 0.011) dimension.CONCLUSION: As three symptom dimensions were associated with actigraphy-based low PA and dampened CR, these seem to be general indicators of depression. Sleep disturbances appeared more linked to the somatic/vegetative and sleep dimensions; the effectiveness of sleep interventions in patients reporting somatic/vegetative symptoms may be explored, as well as the potential of actigraphy to monitor treatment response to such interventions.</p

The Number of Incipient Spanning Clusters in Two-Dimensional Percolation

Using methods of conformal field theory, we conjecture an exact form for the probability that n distinct clusters span a large rectangle or open cylinder of aspect ratio k, in the limit when k is large.Comment: 9 pages, LaTeX, 1 eps figure. Additional references and comparison with existing numerical results include

Toda Fields on Riemann Surfaces: remarks on the Miura transformation

We point out that the Miura transformation is related to a holomorphic foliation in a relative flag manifold over a Riemann Surface. Certain differential operators corresponding to a free field description of $W$--algebras are thus interpreted as partial connections associated to the foliation.Comment: AmsLatex 1.1, 10 page

Preliminary fMRI findings in experimentally sleep-restricted adolescents engaged in a working memory task

Here we report preliminary findings from a small-sample functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of healthy adolescents who completed a working memory task in the context of a chronic sleep restriction experiment. Findings were consistent with those previously obtained on acutely sleep-deprived adults. Our data suggest that, when asked to maintain attention and burdened by chronic sleep restriction, the adolescent brain responds via compensatory mechanisms that accentuate the typical activation patterns of attention-relevant brain regions. Specifically, it appeared that regions that are normally active during an attention-demanding working memory task in the well-rested brain became even more active to maintain performance after chronic sleep restriction. In contrast, regions in which activity is normally suppressed during such a task in the well-rested brain showed even greater suppression to maintain performance after chronic sleep restriction. Although limited by the small sample, study results provide important evidence of feasibility, as well as guidance for future research into the functional neurological effects of chronic sleep restriction in general, the effects of sleep restriction in children and adolescents, and the neuroscience of attention and its disorders in children

Perturbation Theory in Two Dimensional Open String Field Theory

In this paper we develop the covariant string field theory approach to open 2d strings. Upon constructing the vertices, we apply the formalism to calculate the lowest order contributions to the 4- and 5- point tachyon--tachyon tree amplitudes. Our results are shown to match the `bulk' amplitude calculations of Bershadsky and Kutasov. In the present approach the pole structure of the amplitudes becomes manifest and their origin as coming from the higher string modes transparent.Comment: 26 page

SU(m) non-Abelian anyons in the Jain hierarchy of quantum Hall states

We show that different classes of topological order can be distinguished by the dynamical symmetry algebra of edge excitations. Fundamental topological order is realized when this algebra is the largest possible, the algebra of quantum area-preserving diffeomorphisms, called $W_{1+\infty}$. We argue that this order is realized in the Jain hierarchy of fractional quantum Hall states and show that it is more robust than the standard Abelian Chern-Simons order since it has a lower entanglement entropy due to the non-Abelian character of the quasi-particle anyon excitations. These behave as SU($m$) quarks, where $m$ is the number of components in the hierarchy. We propose the topological entanglement entropy as the experimental measure to detect the existence of these quantum Hall quarks. Non-Abelian anyons in the $\nu = 2/5$ fractional quantum Hall states could be the primary candidates to realize qbits for topological quantum computation.Comment: 5 pages, no figures, a few typos corrected, a reference adde

The day-to-day bidirectional longitudinal association between objective and self-reported sleep and affect:An ambulatory assessment study

Background: Ambulatory assessments offer opportunities to evaluate daily dynamics of sleep and momentary affect using mobile technologies. This study examines day-to-day bidirectional associations between sleep and affect using mobile monitoring, and evaluates whether these associations differ between people without and with current or remitted depression/anxiety. Methods: Two-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and actigraphy data of 359 participants with current (n = 93), remitted (n = 176) or no (n = 90) CIDI depression/anxiety diagnoses were obtained from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety. Objective sleep duration (SD) and efficiency were obtained from actigraphy data. Self-reported SD, sleep quality (SQ), positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) were assessed by electronic diaries through EMA. Results: A bidirectional longitudinal association was found between self-reported SQ and affect, while no association was found for self-reported SD and objective SD and efficiency. Better SQ predicted affect the same day (higher PA: b = 0.035, p < 0.001; lower NA: b = -0.022, p < 0.001), while lower NA on the preceding day predicted better SQ (b = -0.102, p = 0.001). The presence of current depression/anxiety disorders moderated the association between better SQ and subsequent lower NA; it was stronger for patients compared to controls (p = 0.003). Limitations: Observational study design can only point to areas of interest for interventions. Conclusions: This 2-week ambulatory monitoring study shows that, especially among depression/anxiety patients, better self-reported SQ predicts higher PA and lower NA the same day, while lower NA predicts better self-reported SQ. The value of mobile technologies to monitor and potentially intervene in patients to improve their affect should be explored