Physicochemical characteristics of substrate obtained through composting of residues from cotton and poultry industries / Características físico-químicas do substrato obtido através da compostagem de resíduos da indústria do algodão e da avicultura

Although it is widely used, peat is a material from geologic origin, with high environmental impact in its extraction and scarceness in the market, factors that lead to the increase of its cost. Based on these aspects, searching new alternatives for the development of inoculant carriers is necessary as the use of industrial and agricultural waste is environmentally very important. The objective of this study was to physicochemically produce and characterize an inoculant substrate obtained through composting of residues from the cotton and poultry industry. Initially, residues of cotton seed hull (CH) and laying hen manure (HM) were analyzed so as to know the macro and micronutrients content and the ratio between C and N. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were elaborated based on the raw material of HM and CH, resulting in different named formulated: SUB-A0, SUB-A1, SUB-A2, SUB-A3, SUB-A4 and SUB-A5. The following physicochemical parameters were analyzed: current moisture, wet density, dry density, water retention capacity, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon content, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, ammonium and nitrate. The analytical results demonstrate that compared to peat, formulated substrates have similar physicochemical characteristics and potential use as inoculant carrier.Although it is widely used, peat is a material from geologic origin, with high environmental impact in its extraction and scarceness in the market, factors that lead to the increase of its cost. Based on these aspects, searching new alternatives for the development of inoculant carriers is necessary as the use of industrial and agricultural waste is environmentally very important. The objective of this study was to physicochemically produce and characterize an inoculant substrate obtained through composting of residues from the cotton and poultry industry. Initially, residues of cotton seed hull (CH) and laying hen manure (HM) were analyzed so as to know the macro and micronutrients content and the ratio between C and N. The experimental design was completely randomized with six treatments and four replications. The treatments were elaborated based on the raw material of HM and CH, resulting in different named formulated: SUB-A0, SUB-A1, SUB-A2, SUB-A3, SUB-A4 and SUB-A5. The following physicochemical parameters were analyzed: current moisture, wet density, dry density, water retention capacity, pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon content, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, ammonium and nitrate. The analytical results demonstrate that compared to peat, formulated substrates have similar physicochemical characteristics and potential use as inoculant carrier

Desempenho agronômico de 13 genótipos de girassol no sudoeste baiano

O cultivo de girassol (Helianthus annuus L.) se destaca por ser uma planta de ciclo curto, ter alto teor de óleo nos grãos, aonde o mesmo é utilizado para produção de biodiesel e alimentação humano, podendo também ser empregada para alimentação animal, assim como a silagem da planta e a torta proveniente da extração do óleo. Diante desses fatores, buscou-se avaliar o desempenho da cultura em diferentes condições no Sudoeste Baiano. O experimento foi realizado em condições de campo na área do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Baiano Campus Guanambi, avaliando-se o desempenho produtivo de 13 genótipos no semiárido baiano. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. O ciclo da cultura foi de 120 dias. Houve diferença estatística (p<0,05) para os caracteres produção de grãos, peso de 1000 aquênios, produção de matéria seca na floração, área foliar, altura de inserção do capítulo, diâmetro do capítulo e o rendimento de óleo, não havendo diferença apenas para os teores de N, P e K no florescimento. Os genótipos CF 101, BRS G43, HÉLIO 250 e SYN 045 foram os que apresentaram simultaneamente maior rendimento de grãos e de óleo. O genótipo CF 101 se destacou por possuir baixa estatura