Growth Curves For Girls With Turner Syndrome.

The objective of this study was to review the growth curves for Turner syndrome, evaluate the methodological and statistical quality, and suggest potential growth curves for clinical practice guidelines. The search was carried out in the databases Medline and Embase. Of 1006 references identified, 15 were included. Studies constructed curves for weight, height, weight/height, body mass index, head circumference, height velocity, leg length, and sitting height. The sample ranged between 47 and 1,565 (total = 6,273) girls aged 0 to 24 y, born between 1950 and 2006. The number of measures ranged from 580 to 9,011 (total = 28,915). Most studies showed strengths such as sample size, exclusion of the use of growth hormone and androgen, and analysis of confounding variables. However, the growth curves were restricted to height, lack of information about selection bias, limited distributional properties, and smoothing aspects. In conclusion, we observe the need to construct an international growth reference for girls with Turner syndrome, in order to provide support for clinical practice guidelines.201468797

Effects of karatê practiced by children and adolescents in bone mass assessed by quantitative ultrasound of phalanges

Orientadores: Gil Guerra Júnior, Everton Paulo RomanDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências MédicasResumo: Estrutura da Tese: Estudo estruturado pelo "modelo Escandinavo", denominado de "modelo alternativo" no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (FCM ¿ Unicamp). Esta dissertação está composta por introdução geral, justificativa, objetivos, capítulos (1 e 2) e conclusões gerais. A introdução geral aborda o tecido ósseo, pico de massa óssea, artes marciais e karatê. Os capítulos 1 e 2 estão em formato de artigo. Nas conclusões gerais foram apresentadas as conclusões dos dois artigos. As referências bibliográficas foram apresentadas no final de cada capítulo e da dissertação. Objetivos: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (1) verificar a influência dos esportes de combate na massa óssea em crianças, adolescentes, adultos e idosos: revisão sistemática; (2) avaliar os parâmetros ósseos pelo Ultrassom quantitativo de falanges (QUS) em crianças e adolescentes praticantes de karatê em relação a um grupo controle. Casuística e Métodos: No artigo 1 (capítulo 1), realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura, de acordo com o método PRISMA, com busca nas bases de dados do Pubmed, Bireme, Embase e Web of Science referente ao período de 1900 a 2015, utilizando-se os descritores, "martial arts, fight, combat, karate, kung fu, taekwon do, judo, aikido, bone mass, bone health, bone tissue, bone density, bone mineral contents, utilizando os operadores booleanos `AND¿ e/ou `OR¿. A amostra do segundo artigo (capítulo 2) foi constituída por 488 crianças e adolescentes, de 6 a 16 anos, sendo 162 praticantes de karatê (52 meninas e 110 meninos) e 326 controles (110 meninas e 216 meninos). Foram avaliados peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), AD-SoS e BTT; sendo os valores de IMC, AD-SoS e BTT transformados em escore z. Resultados: No capítulo 1 foram identificados 79 artigos. Destes, 25 duplicados, restando 54 para a leitura e avaliação dos títulos, e posteriormente foram excluídos aqueles que tratavam de outras doenças, como, lesões ortopédicas e/ou ósseas, maxilo facial, cirurgias, fraturas, mulheres osteopênicas e osteoporóticas, prevenção de quedas e aptidão física, restando somente 15 artigos. Dos 16 estudos, apenas 15 foram encontrados na integra e todos publicados entre 2002 e 2015. Apenas um tratava-se de estudo de caso controle, 2 estudos longitudinais, 2 estudos randomizados e 10 estudos transversais. Verificou-se um total de 1.368 crianças, adolescentes, adultos e idosos envolvidos com esportes de combate e avaliação óssea por imagem. No capítulo 2, em ambos os sexos, os praticantes de karatê apresentaram valores superiores de escore z do BTT em relação ao grupo controle. Em relação à AD-SoS, as meninas do grupo controle apresentaram valor absoluto e de escore z superiores em comparação aos praticantes de karatê do mesmo sexo. Ao avaliar a frequência relativa e absoluta de acordo com o escore z do BTT em ambos os grupos, os meninos praticantes de karatê apresentaram maior frequência de massa óssea adequada. Conclusão: A maioria dos estudos concluiu que a prática de esportes de combate apresenta melhora significativa para a saúde óssea em todas as idades, sendo altamente recomendado para prevenir doenças ósseas como a osteopenia, osteoporose e possíveis fraturas. Independente do sexo, as crianças e adolescentes praticantes de karatê apresentaram maior massa óssea em relação ao grupo controleAbstract: Thesis structure: In this study we choose the "Scandinavian Model", which is called "Alternative Model" in the Post-Graduate Program of Child and Adolescent Health of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, at State University of Campinas (FCM - UNICAMP). This dissertation consists of general introduction, justification, objective, chapters (1 and 2) and general conclusions. The general introduction approaches bone mass, bone mass peak, martial arts and karate. The chapters 1 and 2 are designed in articles. In general conclusions were presented the conclusions from the articles. The bibliographic references were presented at the end of each chapter and of dissertation. Objectives: The objectives of this study were: (1) to verify the influence of combat sports in bone mass of children, adolescents, adults and elderly: systematic review; (2) to evaluate bone parameters by QUS of phalanges in children and adolescents karate practitioners in relation to a control group. Casuistic and methods: In the article 1 (chapter 1), a systematic review of literature, according to the PRISMA method, with searching in data base of Pubmed, Bireme, Embase and Web of Science from the period of 1900 to 2015, using the descriptors, "martial arts, fight, combat, karate, kung fu, tae kwon do, judo, aikido, bone mass, bone health, bone tissue, bone density, bone mineral contents", using the Booleans operators "AND" and/or "OR". The sample of second article (chapter 2) consisted of 488 children and adolescents, aged from 6 to 16 years old, 152 karate practitioners (52 girls and 110 boys) and 326 controls (110 girls and 216 boys). Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), AD-SoS and BTT, and the values of BMI, AD-SoS and BTT were transformed in Z score. Results: In article 1 (chapter 1), 79 articles were identified. Of these, 25 were duplicated, remaining 54 for reading and title evaluation, and after were excluded those that were about diseases, such as orthopedic or/and bone injuries, maxillofacial, surgeries, fractures, osteopenic and osteoporotic woman, fall prevention and physical fitness, remaining only 15 articles. From 16 articles, just 15 found in full and published between 2002 and 2015. Only one was about a control case, 2 longitudinal studies, 2 randomized studies and 10 cross sectional studies. It was noted a total of 1.368 children, adults and elderly involved with combat sports and bone mass evaluation by image. In article 2 (chapter 2), in both sexes, the karate practitioners presented higher values of score z of BTT in relation to the control group. In relation to AD-SoS, girls from the control group presented higher absolute values and of score z when compared to the karate practitioners of the same sexes. Evaluating the absolute and relative frequency according to score z of BTT in both groups, boys presented higher frequency of adequate bone mass. Conclusion: The majority of studies concluded that the practice of combat sports improves bone health significantly at all ages, and it is highly recommended to prevent bone diseases such as osteopenia, osteoporosis and possible fractures. Regardless of sex, the karate practitioners presented higher bone mass in relation to control groupMestradoSaude da Criança e do AdolescenteMestra em Ciências01-P-4525/2013CAPE

MASSA ÓSSEA POR ULTRASSONOGRAFIA QUANTITATIVA DE FALANGES EM JOVENS PRATICANTES DE KARATÊ

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a massa óssea pela ultrassonografia quantitativa de falanges em jovens praticantes de karatê em relação a um grupo controle. Métodos: Amostra constituída por 162 praticantes de karatê (52 meninas) e 326 controles escolares (110 meninas) saudáveis, de 6 a 16 anos de idade, do oeste do Paraná. Foram avaliados peso, estatura, índice de massa corporal (IMC), Amplitude Dependent Speed of Sound (AD-SoS) e Bone Time Transmission (BTT), e os valores de IMC, AD-SoS e BTT transformados em escore Z. Aplicaram-se testes de Mann-Whitney, qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher e regressão linear múltipla, sendo significante p≤0,05. Resultados: Para ambos os sexos, os praticantes de karatê apresentaram valores superiores do escore Z do BTT comparados aos controles. Quanto à AD-SoS, as meninas do grupo de controle apresentaram valor absoluto e de escore Z superiores aos apresentados pelas praticantes de karatê do mesmo sexo. Ao avaliar a frequência relativa e absoluta de acordo com o escore Z do BTT em ambos os grupos, os meninos praticantes de karatê apresentaram maior frequência de massa óssea adequada. Nas meninas praticantes de karatê, a idade apresentou poder de explicação de 42% na variação da AD-SoS e o peso de 45% na variação do BTT. Nos meninos praticantes de karatê, a idade apresentou poder de explicação de 26% na variação da AD-SoS e a estatura 36% na variação do BTT. Conclusões: Nesse grupo de crianças e adolescentes, independentemente do sexo, os praticantes de karatê apresentaram maior massa óssea em relação ao grupo controle, sendo o BTT mais sensível para essa avaliação

Can anthropometric, body composition, and bone variables be considered risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian military students?

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal injuries are the main cause of premature discharge from military service and can sometimes lead to permanent disabilities. Some intrinsic risk factors are well discussed in the literature. However, the relation between body composition variables and the risk for musculoskeletal injury is not well known or recognized. Methods This prospective study evaluated 205 Brazilian military students. At the beginning of military service, health status and sports experience prior to military service were registered. Anthropometric variables were evaluated, and bone and body composition variables were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries throughout the year was registered at the military physiotherapy service. At the end of 1 year of follow-up, risk factors were analysed by comparing the variables between the injured and non-injured students. Results No difference in previous health status was found between injured and non-injured groups, whereas sports experience prior to military service was identified as a protective factor (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.323; 95% CI: 0.108–0.968; p = 0.044). Anthropometric, bone, and body composition variables could not be identified as risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian military students. Conclusion Anthropometric, bone, and body composition variables could not be considered risk factors for musculoskeletal injuries in Brazilian military students

Effect of 7 months of physical training and military routine on the bone mass of young adults

Physical activity (PA) has a great influence on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC), however longitudinal studies that seek to relate bone mass to physical activity are scarce and have a small sample size. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of 7 months of military physical training (MPT), impact sports (IS), and swimming in the bone mass of young military adults. A prospective study was conducted with 213 military school students (male and aged 19.2 +/- 1.2 years) divided into three groups: MPT (n = 144), IS (n = 56), and Swimming (n = 13). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine body composition (percentage of fat, fat mass, and fat-free mass) and bone mass (BMD, BMD Z-Score, total BMC, arm BMC, leg BMC, and trunk BMC), at the beginning of the military service and after 7 months of training. It was observed a significant increase in BMD, BMD Z-Score, total BMC and BMC of all segments analyzed for all groups (p < 0.01). There was a significantly greater variation in BMD of the IS group in relation to the MPT group (p < 0.01), and in the arm BMC of the MPT group in relation to the IS group (p < 0.05). After 7 months of training, there were significant increases in BMC and BMD of all the groups evaluated. The bone response was associated with the muscular group used in the physical exercise and the IS group showed greater gain in BMD1847-8e353e35