Licenciamento Ambiental no Brasil sobre usinas hidrelétricas: um estudo de caso da usina de Belo Monte, no Rio Xingu (PA)

The environmental licensing is an instrument of national politics of the environment. The main guidelines for the execution of the Environmental Permit are expressed by Lay n° 6.938, August 31th, 1981 and the resolutions CONAMA n° 001/86 and n° 273/97. The Lay stipulates that entrepreneur’s obligation to seek the environmental permit at the competent body, from the initial stages of planning your undertaking and installation to effective operation. The Environmental Licensing board is the Ibama agency responsible for execution of licensing at federal level. In order to evaluate as the process of environmental licensing of hydroelectric plants, this article aims to investigate this question. Yonder bringing comments of the case of Belo Monte’s plant construction, in Xingu River (PA). Clarify on the licensing of hydroelectric projects and compare the economic development with the environmental conservation are also the focus of this work.Este artigo visa demonstrar o Licenciamento Ambiental que é um instrumento da política nacional do meio ambiente. As principais diretrizes para a execução do Licenciamento Ambiental estão expressas pela Lei nº 6.938, de 31 de agosto de 1981 e nas resoluções CONAMA nº 001/86 e nº237/97. A lei estipula que é obrigação do empreendedor buscar o licenciamento ambiental junto ao órgão competente, desde as etapas iniciais do planejamento de seu empreendimento e instalação até a sua efetiva operação. A diretoria de Licenciamento ambiental é o órgão do Ibama responsável pela execução do licenciamento em nível federal. Com o intuito de avaliar como ocorre o processo de licenciamento ambiental nas usinas hidrelétricas, este artigo tem o intuito de investigar essa questão. Além de trazer a comento o caso da construção da usina de Belo Monte, no Rio Xingu (PA). Esclarecer sobre o licenciamento de empreendimentos hidrelétricos e comparar o desenvolvimento econômico com a conservação do meio ambiente também são objetivos deste trabalho

Impacto da pandemia de covid-19 na população indígena: as dificuldades enfrentadas pelo enfermeiro frente ao impacto social do SARS-CoV-2 relacionado à população indígena.

Gather scientific evidence from 2018 to 2021 regarding the impact of the pandemic on the indigenous population and the nurses' approach to providing care to this population in the face of the coronavirus pandemic. A search was carried out for publications obtained in the following databases: ARCA, VHL, SciELO and Scholar Google. The descriptors of Coronavirus, indigenous population and nursing were used. In conclusion, the importance of enabling access for health promotion, as well as training for nurses to act in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.  Reunir comprovações científicas a partir do ano de 2018 ao ano de 2021 no que se refere ao impacto da pandemia na população indígena e o enfrentamento do enfermeiro para a realização do cuidado dessa população frente à pandemia do coronavírus. Foi realizado a busca de publicações obtidas nas bases de dados: ARCA, BVS, SciELO e Scholar Google. Foram utilizados os descritores de Coronavírus, população indígena e enfermagem. Conclui-se, a importância de possibilitar o acesso para a promoção à saúde, assim como a capacitação para a atuação do enfermeiro frente à pandemia do COVID-19

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora