Apoptosis in the trabecular meshwork of glaucomatous patients

We established and validated an in toto method to perform TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling to study apoptosis in human trabecular meshwork tissue obtained during trabeculectomy in glaucoma patients. In specimens from patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and primary angle-closure glaucoma, we detected a tendency for more apoptotic cells to accumulate in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. The utility of this method to study apoptosis in the trabecular meshwork is discussed, as well as its application as a tool in biologic samples

Clinical Evaluation of the New Rebound Tonometers Icare PRO and Icare ONE Compared With the Goldmann Tonometer

To compare the participant-obtained intraocular pressures (IOPs) using Icare ONE and the clinician-obtained values using Icare PRO, both rebound tonometers, with Goldmann tonometry (GAT) values and analyze the ease of use of Icare ONE. One hundred fifty participants were included (60 normal controls, 90 patients with glaucoma/ocular hypertension). The participants measured the IOP 3 times using Icare ONE; a clinician measured the IOP once using Icare PRO. The instruments were used randomly. Clinical data were evaluated to analyze the difficulty of the technique, the effect on the results, and the ease of use of Icare ONE. The mean IOPs with GAT, Icare ONE, and Icare PRO were 16.6±4.43, 17.5±5.42, and 16.6±4.77 mm Hg, respectively. The participant-measured IOP values were within +3 mm Hg of the GAT values in 67.1% of eyes with Icare ONE and in 79.6% with Icare PRO. The limits of agreement were higher with Icare ONE compared with Icare PRO. IOP value errors were found with Icare ONE in eyes with low and high GAT-IOP. The areas under the curve to detect IOPs of 21 mm Hg or higher (GAT) exceeded 0.80 with both tonometers. Young participants reported better ease of use with Icare ONE. No other factors were related to the results. Icare ONE may be useful for patients monitoring their IOP values; most individuals can use the device after a short training session. Icare PRO had better results compared with Icare ONE in all IOP ranges

Impacts of age and sex on retinal layer thicknesses measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography with Spectralis

<div><p>Objective</p><p>To examine differences in individual retinal layer thicknesses measured by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) (Spectralis^®) produced with age and according to sex.</p><p>Design</p><p>Cross-sectional, observational study.</p><p>Methods</p><p>The study was conducted in 297 eyes of 297 healthy subjects aged 18 to 87 years. In one randomly selected eye of each participant the volume and mean thicknesses of the different macular layers were measured by SD-OCT using the instrument's macular segmentation software.</p><p>Main outcome measures</p><p>Volume and mean thickness of macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer plexiform layer (OPL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), retinal pigmentary epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor layer (PR).</p><p>Results</p><p>Retinal thickness was reduced by 0.24 μm for every one year of age. Age adjusted linear regression analysis revealed mean GCL, IPL, ONL and PR thickness reductions and a mean OPL thickness increase with age. Women had significantly lower mean GCL, IPL, INL, ONL and PR thicknesses and volumes and a significantly greater mRNFL volume than men.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>The thickness of most retinal layers varies both with age and according to sex. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine the rate of layer thinning produced with age.</p></div

Agreement between central corneal thickness measured using pentacam, ultrasound pachymetry, specular microscopy and optic biometer lenstar LS 900 and the influence of intraocular pressure

Purpose: To compare central corneal thickness (CCT) values obtained by Lenstar (LE), Pentacam (PC), specular microscopy (SM) and ultrasound pachymetry (UP) in healthy corneas and study their influence on intraocular pressure (IOP) readings determined by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT). Methods: CCT was measured in 76 healthy subjects by LE, PC, SM and UP. We established Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (ρ-C) between different techniques. The influence of CCT on GAT was established through univariate linear regression models, IOP being the dependent variable. Results: The highest ρ-C was found between LE and SM at 0.94 (95% CI: 0.91-0.96) and between LE and UP at 0.95 (95% CI: 0.94-0.97). IOP readings showed less variability when CCT was determined using LE (7.7%, B = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.004-0.28). Conclusions: Although CCT values obtained with UP, PC, SM and LE show good correlation, these methods are not completely interchangeable. The amount of IOP variation differs when CCT is determined using LE or SM

Cumplimiento del tratamiento del glaucoma

Unidad Docente de Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORLFac. de Óptica y OptometríaTRUEpu

Simple linear regression between age and mean retinal layer thickness and volume for the study population of 297 subjects.

<p>Simple linear regression between age and mean retinal layer thickness and volume for the study population of 297 subjects.</p

Hypercytokinemia in COVID-19: Tear cytokine profile in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

The aim of this study is to analyze the concentrations of cytokines in tear of hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Tear samples were obtained from 41 healthy controls and 62 COVID-19 patients. Twenty-seven cytokines were assessed: interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor basic, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-γ, interferon gamma-induced protein, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1a, MIP-1b, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In tear samples of COVID-19 patients, an increase in IL-9, IL-15, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, PDGF and VEGF was observed, along with a decrease in eotaxin compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A poor correlation between IL-6 levels in tear and blood was found. IL-1RA and GM-CSF were significantly lower in severe patients and those who needed treatment targeting the immune system (p < 0.05). Tear cytokine levels corroborate the inflammatory nature of SARS-CoV-2.Peer reviewe

Scatterplots of simple linear regression between age and mean mRNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, ONL, PR and RPE thickness recorded in 297 subjects.

<p>Scatterplots of simple linear regression between age and mean mRNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, ONL, PR and RPE thickness recorded in 297 subjects.</p