Un análisis cualitativo de las condiciones de salud y seguridad en el trabajo en pequeños proyectos de construcción en el sector de la construcción brasileña

The main objective of this study is to analyze the perception of Occupational Health and Safety in small construction projects in the Brazilian construction industry. The adopted approach is qualitative in nature and seeks to understand the character of the current practices through interviews held with ‘actors’ who are directly involved in small-scale building sites, as well as with others who are involved in large-scale work sites. In Brazil, there is a weakness in supervision at small construction projects. This is due to numerous factors, such as the low visibility of these types of works and short deadlines, as well as the lack of knowledge about Occupational Health and Safety. This study reinforces and illustrates the idea of the inherent dangers involved in the occupational health of workers in small construction projects. It also indicates that there is a need to put greater emphasis on compliance with Occupational Health and Safety principles, which are covered by the current Brazilian Legislation and Regulatory Standards. This should be undertaken in order to ensure that the work in small-scale building sites is more visible and, especially, to ensure acceptable health and safety conditions for construction workers.Este estudio analiza la percepción de Salud y Seguridad Ocupacional en pequeños proyectos de construcción en la industria de la construcción brasileña. El enfoque adoptado es de naturaleza cualitativa y trata de comprender el carácter de las prácticas actuales a través de entrevistas. En Brasil, hay una debilidad en la supervisión en pequeños proyectos de construcción. Esto se debe a factores como la baja visibilidad de este tipo de obras, así como la falta de conocimiento sobre la Salud y Seguridad Ocupacional. Este estudio refuerza la idea de los peligros inherentes a la salud ocupacional de los trabajadores. Hay necesidad de poner énfasis en el cumplimiento de los principios de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional. Esto debe asegurar que el trabajo en las obras de construcción a pequeña escala sea más visible y para garantizar las condiciones de salud y seguridad aceptables para trabajadores de la construcción.The authors would like to thank to the Federal Center of Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca (CEFET-RJ, Brazil), as well as the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil), who have awarded this research study with a grant o: Case n. BEX 1651 /14-5

Bacterial cellulose as a raw material for food and food packaging applications.

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Some thoughts about nonequilibrium temperature

The main objective of this paper is to show that, within the present framework of the kinetic theoretical approach to irreversible thermodynamics, there is no evidence that provides a basis to modify the ordinary Fourier equation relating the heat flux in a non-equilibrium steady state to the gradient of the local equilibrium temperature. This fact is supported, among other arguments, through the kinetic foundations of generalized hydrodynamics. Some attempts have been recently proposed asserting that, in the presence of non-linearities of the state variables, such a temperature should be replaced by the non-equilibrium temperature as defined in Extended Irreversible Thermodynamics. In the approximations used for such a temperature there is so far no evidence that sustains this proposal.Comment: 13 pages, TeX, no figures, to appear in Mol. Phy