5,712 research outputs found
In situ assessment of the stone conservation state by its water absorbing behaviour : a hands-on methodology
This paper describes the use of the water absorbing behaviour (WAB) for assessment of the conservation state of stone in situ. A test methodology, consisting of a combination of techniques for in situ measurement of the WAB, was applied in a case study on Lede stone, a sandy limestone, used in a medieval facade in Ghent, Belgium. The methods used were the contact sponge method (CSM), the Karsten tube (KT) and the droplet method (DM). Additionally, the residual hardness of the stone was measured by Schmidt hammer (SH). After careful selection of representative measuring points, a qualitative analysis of the stone’s condition could be made, based on its WAB, residual hardness, reference data from laboratory experiments and thorough visual observations. From this analysis it could be concluded that CSM, KT and SH generated coherent and compatible results; that DM could indicate superficial alterations which were not necessarily representative for the subsuperficial WAB and that this methodology could give an insight on the conservation state, beyond visual observations, when combined with reference data
Determining source cumulants in femtoscopy with Gram-Charlier and Edgeworth series
Lowest-order cumulants provide important information on the shape of the
emission source in femtoscopy. For the simple case of noninteracting identical
particles, we show how the fourth-order source cumulant can be determined from
measured cumulants in momentum space. The textbook Gram-Charlier series is
found to be highly inaccurate, while the related Edgeworth series provides
increasingly accurate estimates. Ordering of terms compatible with the Central
Limit Theorem appears to play a crucial role even for nongaussian
distributions.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
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