Mudanças climáticas e seus reflexos na paisagem do quaternário: primeiras Reflexões.

bitstream/item/107273/1/Doc-157-Mudancas-Quaternario.pd

A student-centered approach for developing active learning: the construction of physical models as a teaching tool in medical physiology

BACKGROUND: Teaching physiology, a complex and constantly evolving subject, is not a simple task. A considerable body of knowledge about cognitive processes and teaching and learning methods has accumulated over the years, helping teachers to determine the most efficient way to teach, and highlighting student's active participation as a means to improve learning outcomes. In this context, this paper describes and qualitatively analyzes an experience of a student-centered teaching-learning methodology based on the construction of physiological-physical models, focusing on their possible application in the practice of teaching physiology. METHODS: After having Physiology classes and revising the literature, students, divided in small groups, built physiological-physical models predominantly using low-cost materials, for studying different topics in Physiology. Groups were followed by monitors and guided by teachers during the whole process, finally presenting the results in a Symposium on Integrative Physiology. RESULTS: Along the proposed activities, students were capable of efficiently creating physiological-physical models (118 in total) highly representative of different physiological processes. The implementation of the proposal indicated that students successfully achieved active learning and meaningful learning in Physiology while addressing multiple learning styles. CONCLUSION: The proposed method has proved to be an attractive, accessible and relatively simple approach to facilitate the physiology teaching-learning process, while facing difficulties imposed by recent requirements, especially those relating to the use of experimental animals and professional training guidelines. Finally, students' active participation in the production of knowledge may result in a holistic education, and possibly, better professional practices

Preservação de conídios de Entomosporium mespili.

O fungo Entomosporium mespili é o agente etiológico da entomosporiose, uma das principais doenças da pereira (Pyrus sp.) no Brasil. Contudo, existem poucas informações sobre a doença devido à dificuldade de cultivo em laboratório de seu agente causal. Diante desse fato, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar métodos de preservação de conídios de E. mespili.Resumo

Aging increases susceptibility to high fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome in C57BL/6 mice: Improvement in glycemic and lipid profile after antioxidant therapy

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been considered a novel component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), with the oxidative stress participating in its progression. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic profile in young and old mice with MetS, and the effects of apocynin and tempol on glycemic and lipid parameters. Young and old C57BL/6 mice with high fat diet- (HFD-) induced MetS received apocynin and tempol 50 mg·kg(-1)/day in their drinking water for 10 weeks. After HFD, the young group showed elevated fasting glucose, worsened lipid profile in plasma, steatosis, and hepatic lipid peroxidation. Nevertheless, the old group presented significant increase in fasting insulin levels, insulin resistance, plasma and hepatic lipid peroxidation, and pronounced steatosis. The hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase activity did not differ between the groups. Tempol and apocynin seemed to prevent hepatic lipid deposition in both groups. Furthermore, apocynin improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in old mice. In summary, old mice are more susceptible to HFD-induced metabolic changes than their young counterparts. Also, the antioxidant therapy improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, and in addition, apocynin seemed to prevent the HFD-induced hepatic fat deposition, suggesting an important role of oxidative stress in the induction of NAFLD

Efeito da temperatura na produção de conídios e peritécios de Neonectria ditissima em ramos destacados de macieira.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da temperatura na produção de conídios e peritécios

Tipos nomenclaturais de Myrtaceae depositados no Herbário IAN da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Belém, Pará, Brasil.

Tipos nomenclaturais são amostras botânicas utilizadas para descrever, pela primeira vez, um táxon para a ciência; sendo dessa forma, uma documentação muito importante para a Taxonomia. O Herbário IAN da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, com o acervo de 190 mil exemplares, conta, atualmente, com cerca de 2 mil tipos nomenclaturais; esse número vêm aumentando à medida que as famílias são analisadas. O presente trabalho trata da organização, classificação e divulgação dos tipos de Myrtaceae depositados nesse Herbário. Essa família possui importância econômica, visto que apresenta espécies utilizadas como comestíveis, medicinais, ornamentais e madeireiras. Os exemplares de Myrtaceae foram analisados e para cada táxon, foi localizada a obra princeps através de consulta a sites especializados, busca em bibliotecas e COMUT. De posse das informações contidas na obra princeps, os tipos foram classificados segundo o Código Internacional de Nomenclatura para algas, fungos e plantas. Foram localizados 47 exemplares tipos de Myrtaceae distribuídos em cinco gêneros, 27 espécies, quatro variedades e uma forma. Esses resultados são apresentados em tabela contendo nome do táxon, registro no IAN, coletor e número e categoria. Este trabalho, além de aumentar o número de tipos no acervo do IAN, otimizará a localização dos mesmos durante as revisões taxonômicas

Cyclic carbonate synthesis from CO2and epoxides using zinc(II) complexes of arylhydrazones of β-diketones

Zinc(II) complexes of arylhydrazones of β-diketones (AHBD) were used for the first time as catalysts combined with tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBABr), in the coupling reaction between CO2 and epoxides. The influence of pressure and temperature on cyclic carbonate formation was investigated, as well as the catalytic activity toward different substrates (e.g. styrene oxide, propylene oxide and cyclohexene oxide). The molar ratio between metal complex and TBABr was determined for maximum catalytic activity

Renal trauma: What changed in the past decade

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Oxidative status imbalance in patients with metabolic syndrome: Role of the myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide axis

The present study evaluated the cardiometabolic and redox balance profiles in patients with Metabolic Syndrome compared to apparently healthy individuals, and the participation of the myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide axis in systemic lipid peroxidation. Twenty-four patients with Metabolic Syndrome and eighteen controls underwent a full clinical assessment. Venous blood samples were collected for general biochemical dosages, as well as for the oxidative stress analyses (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and arginase activities; and lipid peroxidation, myeloperoxidase activity, nitrite, and hydrogen peroxide concentrations in plasma). Arterial stiffness was assessed by radial artery applanation tonometry. Plasma lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity, myeloperoxidase activity, and hydrogen peroxide concentrations were shown to be increased in Metabolic Syndrome patients, without significant differences for the other enzymes, plasma nitrite concentrations, and arterial stiffness. Linear regression analysis revealed a positive and significant correlation between lipid peroxidation and myeloperoxidase and also between this enzyme and hydrogen peroxide. In contrast, such correlation was not observed between lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide. In summary, Metabolic Syndrome patients exhibited evident systemic redox imbalance compared to controls, with the possible participation of the myeloperoxidase/hydrogen peroxide axis as a contributor in lipid peroxidation

Impact of using a privacy model on smart buildings data for CO2 prediction

There is a constant trade-off between the utility of the data collected and processed by the many systems forming the Internet of Things (IoT) revolution and the privacy concerns of the users living in the spaces hosting these sensors. Privacy models, such as the SITA (Spatial, Identity, Temporal, and Activity) model, can help address this trade-off. In this paper, we focus on the problem of $CO_2$ prediction, which is crucial for health monitoring but can be used to monitor occupancy, which might reveal some private information. We apply a number of transformations on a real dataset from a Smart Building to simulate different SITA configurations on the collected data. We use the transformed data with multiple Machine Learning (ML) techniques to analyse the performance of the models to predict $CO_{2}$ levels. Our results show that, for different algorithms, different SITA configurations do not make one algorithm perform better or worse than others, compared to the baseline data; also, in our experiments, the temporal dimension was particularly sensitive, with scores decreasing up to $18.9\%$ between the original and the transformed data. The results can be useful to show the effect of different levels of data privacy on the data utility of IoT applications, and can also help to identify which parameters are more relevant for those systems so that higher privacy settings can be adopted while data utility is still preserved