59 research outputs found
Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation with Co-Distribution Alignment
Medical image segmentation has made significant progress when a large amount
of labeled data are available. However, annotating medical image segmentation
datasets is expensive due to the requirement of professional skills.
Additionally, classes are often unevenly distributed in medical images, which
severely affects the classification performance on minority classes. To address
these problems, this paper proposes Co-Distribution Alignment (Co-DA) for
semi-supervised medical image segmentation. Specifically, Co-DA aligns marginal
predictions on unlabeled data to marginal predictions on labeled data in a
class-wise manner with two differently initialized models before using the
pseudo-labels generated by one model to supervise the other. Besides, we design
an over-expectation cross-entropy loss for filtering the unlabeled pixels to
reduce noise in their pseudo-labels. Quantitative and qualitative experiments
on three public datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms
existing state-of-the-art semi-supervised medical image segmentation methods on
both the 2D CaDIS dataset and the 3D LGE-MRI and ACDC datasets, achieving an
mIoU of 0.8515 with only 24% labeled data on CaDIS, and a Dice score of 0.8824
and 0.8773 with only 20% data on LGE-MRI and ACDC, respectively.Comment: Paper appears in Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 86
Overview of Academic Studies on Smart Care for the Elderly and Comprehensive Solution Design
Due to historical reasons and urbanization progress, demographic development change has promoted China to enter an aging society and the elders’ demand for medical care and health care has increased rapidly. Meanwhile, the rapid development of information technology is driving the “Smart Care for the Elderly” model which is based on the Internet and regards the internet of things as the medium which has gradually developed into a complete a system, and a series of solutions have been formed. This paper started with the analysis of China’s elderly population status quo, combed academic studies on domestic and foreign “Smart Care for the Elderly” and applications in recent fifteen years and explored how to build a comprehensive “Smart Care for Elderly” solution with improved functions which incorporates such key elements as information technology and social sciences
Multi-Domain Transfer Learning for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
Recently, transfer learning has been successfully applied in early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) based on multi-domain data. However, most of existing methods only use data from a single auxiliary domain, and thus cannot utilize the intrinsic useful correlation information from multiple domains. Accordingly, in this paper, we consider the joint learning of tasks in multi-auxiliary domains and the target domain, and propose a novel Multi-Domain Transfer Learning (MDTL) framework for early diagnosis of AD. Specifically, the proposed MDTL framework consists of two key components: 1) a multi-domain transfer feature selection (MDTFS) model that selects the most informative feature subset from multi-domain data, and 2) a multidomain transfer classification (MDTC) model that can identify disease status for early AD detection. We evaluate our method on 807 subjects from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database using baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The experimental results show that the proposed MDTL method can effectively utilize multi-auxiliary domain data for improving the learning performance in the target domain, compared with several state-of-the-art methods
dugMatting: Decomposed-Uncertainty-Guided Matting
Cutting out an object and estimating its opacity mask, known as image
matting, is a key task in image and video editing. Due to the highly ill-posed
issue, additional inputs, typically user-defined trimaps or scribbles, are
usually needed to reduce the uncertainty. Although effective, it is either time
consuming or only suitable for experienced users who know where to place the
strokes. In this work, we propose a decomposed-uncertainty-guided matting
(dugMatting) algorithm, which explores the explicitly decomposed uncertainties
to efficiently and effectively improve the results. Basing on the
characteristic of these uncertainties, the epistemic uncertainty is reduced in
the process of guiding interaction (which introduces prior knowledge), while
the aleatoric uncertainty is reduced in modeling data distribution (which
introduces statistics for both data and possible noise). The proposed matting
framework relieves the requirement for users to determine the interaction areas
by using simple and efficient labeling. Extensively quantitative and
qualitative results validate that the proposed method significantly improves
the original matting algorithms in terms of both efficiency and efficacy
1,2-Dihydrophosphete: A Platform for the Molecular Engineering of Electroluminescent Phosphorus Materials for Light-Emitting Devices
International audienceThe discovery and molecular engineering of novel electroluminescent emitting materials is still a challenge in optoelectronics. In this work, we report on the development of new π-conjugated oligomers incorporating a dihydrophosphete skeleton. Variation of the substitution pattern of 1,2-dihydrophosphete derivatives and chemical modification of their P atoms afford thermally stable derivatives which are suitable emitters to construct organic light-emitting diodes. The optical and the electrochemical properties of these new P-based oligomers have been investigated in detail and are supported by DFT calculations. The OLED devices exhibit good performance and current independent CIE coordinate
Learning Brain Connectivity Sub-networks by Group- Constrained Sparse Inverse Covariance Estimation for Alzheimer's Disease Classification
Background/Aims: Brain functional connectivity networks constructed from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) have been widely used for classifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) from normal controls (NC). However, conventional correlation analysis methods only capture the pairwise information, which may not be capable of revealing an adequate and accurate functional connectivity relationship among brain regions in the whole brain. Additionally, the non-sparse connectivity networks commonly contain a large number of spurious or insignificant connections, which are inconsistent with the sparse connectivity of actual brain networks in nature and may deteriorate the classification performance of Alzheimer's disease.Methods: To address these problems, in this paper, a new classification framework is proposed by combining the Group-constrained topology structure detection with sparse inverse covariance estimation (SICE) method to build the functional brain sub-network for each brain region. Particularly, to tune the sensitive analysis of the regularized parameters in the SICE method, a nested leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method is adopted. Sparse functional connectivity networks are thus effectively constructed by using the optimal regularized parameters. Finally, a decision classification tree (DCT) classifier is trained for classifying AD from NC based on these optimal functional brain sub-networks. The convergence performance of our proposed method is furthermore evaluated by the trend of coefficient variation.Results: Experiment results indicate that a LOOCV classification accuracy of 81.82% with a sensitivity of 80.00%, and a specificity of 83.33% can be obtained by using the proposed method for the classification AD from NC, and outperforms the most state-of-the-art methods in terms of the classification accuracy. Additionally, the experiment results of the convergence performance further suggest that our proposed scheme has a high rate of convergence. Particularly, the abnormal brain regions and functional connections identified by our proposed framework are highly associated with the underpinning pathological mechanism of the AD, which are consistent with previous studies.Conclusion: These results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed Group- constrained SICE method, and are capable of clinical value to the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
Benzofuran-fused Phosphole: Synthesis, Electronic, and Electroluminescence Properties
International audienceA synthetic route to novel benzofuran-fused phosphole derivatives 3-5 is described. These compounds showed optical and electrochemical properties that differ from their benzothiophene analog. Preliminary results show that 4 can be used as an emitter in OLEDs, illustrating the potential of these new compounds for opto-electronic applications
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