The influence of forest age on food resource consumption and preference in invertebrates.

General EcologyEcological succession refers to the change in species composition in an ecosystem over time. As a forest progresses through successional stages, arthropod diversity tends to increase (Keten, 2014), which may increase food resource consumption by arthropods. The purpose of our study is to determine how invertebrate food resource removal and preference varies across different stages of forest succession. We measured units of plain rice and butter , salt, and sugar coated rice removed from macrofauna-excluding cages in five forests of different ages after 24 hour periods to assess the impact of forest age on food resource removal. Our results indicate that there was a significant difference in the average units of rice removed across the different burn plots. Significantly more sugar-coated and butter-coated rice was consumed on average compared to the salt-coated and plain rice across all burn plots. However, there was no significant difference in rice removal between treatment types across the bum plots. Our findings suggest that the food preferences of arthropods remain constant over different successional stages. In all burn plots, microfauna prefered fat and carbohydrate-coated rice over plain rice and salty rice. This may have important implications for managing the microfauna communities in forests undergoing reforestation after a disturbance such as a bum or clear cut. Regulating the availability of fats and carbohydrates may enhance the health of microfauna communities and, by extension, assist forest ecosystems in recovery from disturbances.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116834/1/Zubieta_Emily_2015.pd

ERAWATCH Country Reports 2012: Spain

This analytical country report is one of a series of annual ERAWATCH reports produced for EU Member States and Countries Associated to the Seventh Framework Programme for Research of the European Union (FP7). The main objective of the ERAWATCH Annual Country Reports is to characterise and assess the performance of national research systems and related policies in a structured manner that is comparable across countries. The Country Report 2012 builds on and updates the 2011 edition. The report identifies the structural challenges of the national research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and the structural challenges, highlighting the latest developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context. They further analyse and assess the ability of the policy mix in place to consistently and efficiently tackle these challenges. These reports were originally produced in December 2012, focusing on policy developments over the previous twelve months. The reports were produced by independent experts under direct contract with IPTS. The analytical framework and the structure of the reports have been developed by the Institute for Prospective Technological Studies of the Joint Research Centre (JRC-IPTS) and Directorate General for Research and Innovation with contributions from external experts.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

Sobre AntropologED;a Cibernetica De La Arquitectura

The present work aims to propose the necessary bases for an anthropology of architecture from the cybernetic approach that is the science that studies the processes of communication and control present in technical biological and social devices For this purpose the cybernetic notion of self- organization is used at its different levels of complexity according to the movement of reality to be addressed in its relations with architecture that is physical biological and social reality self-organization self-eco- organization and self-eco-productio

RIO Country Report Spain 2014

The report offers an analysis of the R&I system in Spain for 2014, including relevant policies and funding, with particular focus on topics critical for two EU policies: the European Research Area and the Innovation Union. The report was prepared according to a set of guidelines for collecting and analysing a range of materials, including policy documents, statistics, evaluation reports, websites etc. The report identifies the structural challenges of the Spanish research and innovation system and assesses the match between the national priorities and those challenges, highlighting the latest policy developments, their dynamics and impact in the overall national context.JRC.J.6-Innovation Systems Analysi

ERAWATCH Country Reports 2013: Spain

The Analytical Country Reports analyse and assess in a structured manner the evolution of the national policy research and innovation in the perspective of the wider EU strategy and goals, with a particular focus on the performance of the national research and innovation (R&I) system, their broader policy mix and governance. The 2013 edition of the Country Reports highlight national policy and system developments occurring since late 2012 and assess, through dedicated sections: -National progress in addressing Research and Innovation system challenges; -National progress in addressing the 5 ERA priorities; -The progress at Member State level towards achieving the Innovation Union; -The status and relevant features of Regional and/or National Research and Innovation Strategies on Smart Specialisation (RIS3); -As far relevant, country Specific Research and Innovation (R&I) Recommendations. Detailed annexes in tabular form provide access to country information in a concise and synthetic manner. The reports were originally produced in December 2013, focusing on policy developments occurring over the preceding twelve months.JRC.J.2-Knowledge for Growt

[Venous thromboembolism risk and prophylaxis in the acute hospital care setting (ENDORSE II study): results of a Mexican national cross-sectional study]

BACKGROUND: It is well known that a significant proportion of hospitalized medical and surgical patients with risk factors for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are not receiving thromboprophylaxis. We designed this study to evaluate the proportion of at-risk patients and the proportion of those receiving recommended prophylaxis. METHODS: We conducted a multicentric cross-sectional survey that included medical and surgical patients from 43 hospitals throughout Mexico. Patients who were at risk for DVT according to the ACCP 2004 guidelines were included and evaluated for thromboprophylaxis. RESULTS: Overall, 625 patients were at risk: 308 (49%) surgical patients and 317 (51%) medical patients. There were 179 (58%) surgical patients receiving recommended prophylaxis, whereas medical patients represented 117 (37%) patients. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant proportion of hospitalized medical and surgical patients at risk for DVT. There is also a significant underutilization of recommended thromboprophylaxis among these patients

¿Techo de cristal o de cemento? Algunas consideraciones sobre su persistencia y actualidad.

Se investiga y analiza la persistencia del llamado "techo de cristal" dentro del contexto universitario, más concretamente dentro de la actividad investigadora de las mujeres, y sus posibles causas, así como las implicaciones que la crisis económica puede estar teniendo en el proceso