Flora de La Rioja

Volumen 2

Bioactive natural compounds of algae and invertebrates from the littoral of Cadiz

El estudio químico de varias esponjas y algas del litoral gaditano ha llevado al aislamiento y caracterización de varios nuevos productos naturales. Las estructuras se determinaron por métodos espectroscópicos y, en algunos casos, se establecieron las configuraciones absolutas usando el método de Mosher o correlaciones químicas. En particular, se presentarán y discutirán los nuevos compuestos aislados de las esponjas Reniera fulva (Topsent, 1893), Cacospongia scalaris (Schmidt, 1862) y Spongia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1759) y el alga Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux. Para anticipar una posible utilización farmacológica de estos nuevos productos naturales se ha realizado una evaluación de sus actividades citotóxicas frente a varios cultivos de células tumorales.The chemical study of an array of marine sponges and algae from the littoral of Cadiz (southwestern Spain) has led to the isolation and characterisation of several new natural products. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and, in certain instances, the absolute stereochemistries were determined using either the Mosher method or chemical interconversions. In particular, the new compounds isolated from the sponges Reniera fulva (Topsent, 1893), Cacospongia scalaris (Schmidt, 1862) and Spongia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1759) and from the alga Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) Lamouroux, are presented and discussed. In order to anticipate a future pharmacological application, a cytotoxicity evaluation of the new compounds against several tumour cell lines was conducted.Instituto Español de Oceanografí

Federated Electronic Practical Resources using PILAR as VISIR Integrated Tool

Practical training is a pillar in technical education. Traditionally, these benefits have been acquired through hands-on laboratory sessions. However, at present, the educational models trend to rely on distance education tools either totally (e-learning, m-learning, etc.) or partially (b-learning). To provide practical training in those educational scenarios is challenging. Remote laboratories --real laboratories, working on real systems and under real conditions, controlled remotely-- can play a fundamental role. Nevertheless, remote laboratories not only provide advantages, but disadvantages of both environments involved in the process: real laboratories and remote communications. Furthermore, remote laboratories add new limitations due to constructive constraints. VISIR (Virtual Instruments System In Reality) is a remote laboratory on top of the state of the art for wiring and measuring electrical and electronics circuits, but VISIR system has his own particular restrictions like any other remote lab. In this context, PILAR (Platform Integration of Laboratories based on the Architecture of visiR) Erasmus Plus project development aims for a federation of five of the existing VISIR nodes in Europe: Blekinge Institute of Technology (BTH), Spanish University for Distance Education (UNED), University of Deusto (UDEUSTO), Carinthia University of Applied Sciences (CUAS), School of Engineering of Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP). This paper describes the benefits that PILAR project will provide to the consortium, and how these physical constraints of the VISIR system can be compensated through the federation, after one year and a half of the project development and having the first draft of the federation and weebsite running.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Una Federación de Laboratorios Remotos VISIR a través del Proyecto PILAR

Este documento describe cómo un nuevo proyecto Erasmus+, PILAR (Plataform Integration of Laboratories base don the Architecture of visiR), está siendo desarrollado y cómo la puesta en marcha del partenariado y del proyecto está reforzando la red VISIR (Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality) y el Grupo de Interés Especial de VISIR bajo el Consorcio de Laboratorios online (GOLC - Global Online Laboratory Consortium) de la Asociación Internacional de Ingeniería Online (IAOE - International Association of Online Engineering. La Universidad Española para la Educación a Distancia (UNED) coordina este proyecto que tiene como objetivo federar los sistemas existentes (o nuevos) con el fin de utilizar los recursos de manera más efectiva y eficiente, haciendo transparente para el usuario final la elección de los recursos compartidos.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Antitumor potential of natural products from marine ascidians of the Gibraltar Strait: A survey

The chemical study of a selection of marine ascidians from the Gibraltar Strait has led to the characterization of a collection of natural products of diverse biosynthetic origin. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and, in certain instances, the absolute stereochemistry was determined using chiral auxiliaries following the Mosher method. In particular, the new compounds isolated from the ascidians Phallusia fumigata (Grübe, 1864), Botryllus leachi (Savigny, 1816), Stolonica socialis (Hartmayer, 1903), and Pseudodistoma obscurum (Pères, 1959) are presented and key aspects of the structural elucidation are discussed. In order to anticipate a possible antitumor application, the cytotoxicity of the new compounds was evaluated against cell lines P-388 (suspension culture of a lymphoid neoplasm from a DBA/2 mouse), A-549 (monolayer culture of a human lung carcinoma), HT-29 (monolayer culture of a human colon carcinoma), and MEL-28 (monolayer culture of a human melanoma)

Biotransformation of a dietary sesterterpenoid in the Mediterranean nudibranch Hypselodoris orsini

The metabolic relationship between the marine molluscHypselodoris orsini and the spongeCacospongia mollior has been reinvestigated. The predator-prey association has been confirmed even though the metabolic patterns of the two invertebrates are substantially different. Most probably the nudibranch converts the main sponge metabolite, the sesterterpenoid scalaradial (1), into a less oxygenated related metabolite, deoxoscalarin (4), followed by a second chemical transformation leading to a new sesterterpenoid, 6-keto-deoxoscalarin (5) which is selectively compartmentalized into some dorsal glands, mantle dermal formations (MDFs), strategically distributed near the gills. 6-keto-deoxoscalarin (5) has been characterized by 1D and 2D NMR methods. Finally, the unusual association of some Chromodorididae molluscs with sponges containing sesterterpenoids suggests a further analysis of their taxonomical collocation is required

The absolute structure of (+)-aplysulfurin

The spongian diterpene aplysulfurin (CHO ) is a marine natural product whose relative stereochemistry has been previously elucidated by X-ray crystallography and NMR, but its absolute structure has only been proposed on biogenetic grounds. Herein we have determined the absolute structure of (+)-aplysulfurin by anomalous dispersion effects of a highly redundant data set collected with Cu-Kα radiation. We have found that the four chirotopic centres have the absolute configuration C7(R), C10(S), C15(S) and C16(S)