168 research outputs found
Spin chirality fluctuation in two-dimensional ferromagnets with perpendicular anisotropy
Non-coplanar spin textures with scalar spin chirality can generate effective
magnetic field that deflects the motion of charge carriers, resulting in
topological Hall effect (THE), a powerful probe of the ground state and
low-energy excitations of correlated systems. However, spin chirality
fluctuation in two-dimensional ferromagnets with perpendicular anisotropy has
not been considered in prior studies. Herein, we report direct evidence of
universal spin chirality fluctuation by probing the THE above the transition
temperatures in two different ferromagnetic ultra-thin films, SrRuO and V
doped SbTe. The temperature, magnetic field, thickness, and carrier
type dependences of the THE signal, along with our Monte-Carlo simulations,
unambiguously demonstrate that the spin chirality fluctuation is a universal
phenomenon in two-dimensional Ising ferromagnets. Our discovery opens a new
paradigm of exploring the spin chirality with topological Hall transport in
two-dimensional magnets and beyondComment: accepted by nature material
A Highly Overmoded Structure for Hundred-Kilowatt-Class <italic>Ka</italic>-Band Extended Interaction Klystron
Here, we report on the development of highly overmoded structure for a millimeter-wave (MMW) extended interaction klystron (EIK). To enhance electron beam loading, a new method for designing an oversized beam tunnel in a large cavity by concentrating the axial field is demonstrated. The transmission and oscillation characteristics of the interaction circuit operating in the quasi-TM04 mode are tested by the developed mode conversion circuit. Results suggest that a five-cavity EIK based on this highly overmoded structure can achieve an output power of 289 kW at 32.92 GHz with a saturated gain of 51.6 dB by injecting a 3.3-mm-diameter electron beam with a current of 18 A. The output power exceeds 100 kW at a bandwidth of 100 MHz.</p
Study of an overmoded structure for megawatt Ka-band extended interaction klystron
For most applications in the millimeter wave band, corresponding to Ka and higher-frequency bands, relatively high atmospheric absorption necessitates the use of high-power sources. Here, a new approach for projecting an oversized beam tunnel in an overmoded structure by concentrating the axial field is demonstrated to meet the high-frequency and high-power demands of compact devices. Due to the enhanced intense beam loading capability of the interaction circuit, a six-cavity Ka-band extended interaction klystron with a four-coupling-hole disk-loaded structure is designed that can stably obtain high output power. An analysis of optimization tradeoffs from introducing high order modes for allowing the application of more powerful beams to improving high order mode field distribution for enhancing the electron-wave coupling and suppressing mode competition is reported. 3D particle-in-cell simulations show attainable output powers of 1.11 MW at 32.94 GHz with a saturated gain of 57 dB by injecting a 3.3 mm diameter electron beam with a current of 24 A.</p
Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in
We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed
state, denoted as , in the process , based on collision data
collected at the center-of-mass energies of , 4.682 and 4.699
GeV with the BESIII detector. The is of interest as it is
expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A
partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate recoil-mass spectra,
which are probed for a potential contribution from (). We find an excess of () candidates with a significance of , after
considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of . As the data
set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90% confidence
level on the product of the Born cross section and the branching fraction of
, at the three energy points, under different assumptions
of the mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from
10 to 50 MeV. Under various mass and width assumptions, the upper limits of
are found to lie in the range of ,
and pb at , 4.682 and 4.699 GeV,
respectively. The larger data samples that will be collected in the coming
years will allow a clearer picture to emerge concerning the existence and
nature of the state.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figure
Production of doubly-charged baryon in annihilation at energies from 2.3094 to 2.6464 GeV
The processes and
are studied for the first
time with of annihilation data collected with
the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies from GeV to
GeV. No significant signal for the
process is observed and the upper limit of the Born cross section is estimated
at each energy point. For the process , a significant signal is observed at center-of-mass energies
near 2.6454 GeV and the corresponding Born cross section is reported.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Search for a scalar partner of the via decays into and
Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93
fb collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773~GeV with the BESIII
detector at the BEPCII collider, we search for a scalar partner of the
, denoted as , via and
processes. No significant signals are observed and
the upper limits of the product branching fractions and
are determined at the 90\% confidence level, for the narrow with a
mass ranging from 3710 to 3740 MeV/, which are from 0.8 to 1.8 and 0.9 to 3.4 , respectively
Measurement of branching fractions of decays to , and
Based on 4.5 fb data taken at seven center-of-mass energies ranging
from 4.600 to 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we
measure the branching fractions of
relative to
. Combining with the world
average branching fraction of , their branching fractions are measured to be
for , for
,
for
and
for
(non-). In all the above
results, the first uncertainties are statistical, the second are systematic and
the third are from external input of the branching fraction of
. Since no signal for
is observed, the
upper limit of its branching fraction is determined to be 0.11\% at the 90
confidence level
Observation of the Singly Cabibbo-Suppressed Decay
The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay is observed for the first time with a statistical
significance of by using 4.5 fb of collision data
collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.600 and 4.699 GeV with the
BESIII detector at BEPCII. The absolute branching fraction of
is measured to be in a model-independent approach. This is
the first observation of a Cabibbo-suppressed decay involving
in the final state. The ratio of branching fractions between
and the Cabibbo-favored decay
is calculated to be , where with the
Cabibbo mixing angle. This ratio significantly deviates from and
provides important information for the understanding of nonfactorization
contributions in decays.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
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