L'impact de l'utilisation du tableau de bord de gestion sur la satisfaction des dirigeants

Cette communication présente les résultats d'une enquête effectuée auprès de 39 managers afin de cerner la place occupée dans la prise de décision par les informations diffusées par la fonction contrôle de gestion et notamment le tableau de bord de gestion. Les principaux résultats situent la place des sources informelles d'information et le rôle joué par le tableau de bord de gestion.Tableau de bord ; systèmes d'information ; prise de décision

STRUCTURE INDUSTRIELLE, ÉCONOMIES D’AGGLOMERATION, OUVERTURE ET CROISSANCE RÉGIONALE EN TUNISIE

The purpose of this paper is to explain the regional growth of industrial employment in Tunisia between 2000 and 2005. Based on the contributions of the new economic geography and the empirical findings dealing with agglomeration economies and dynamic externalities in the wake of Glaeser et al. (1992), an econometric model is estimated which allows to take into account the initial size and industrial structure of regions, as well as the effect of economic openness in Tunisia. The results show on the one hand that a competitive environment of small firms and a diversity of industrial activities are favourable to regional growth. On the other hand, the agglomeration forces and Foreign Direct Investment play an important role in coastal areas, but do not prevent the appearance of convergence between regions.CROISSANCE RÉGIONALE, STRUCTURE INDUSTRIELLE, EXTERNALITES DYNAMIQUES, ÉCONOMIES D'AGGLOMÉRATION, INVESTISSEMENT DIRECT ÉTRANGER, TUNISIE

Pareto and Reliability-Oriented Aeroelastic Shape Optimization of Bridge Decks

Due to the development of new technologies and materials, optimized bridge design has recently gained more attention. The aim is to reduce the bridge components materials and the CO2 emission from the cement manufacturing process. Thus, most long-span bridges are designed to be with high flexibility, low structural damping, and longer and slender spans. Such designs lead, however, to aeroelastic challenges. Moreover, the consideration of both the structural and aeroelastic behavior in bridges leads to contradictory solutions as the structural constraints lead to deck prototypes with high depth which provide high inertia to material volume ratios. On the other hand, considering solely the aerodynamic requirements, slender airfoil-shaped bridge box girders are recommended since they prevent vortex shedding and exhibit minimum drag. Within this framework comes this study which provides approaches to find optimal bridge deck cross-sections while considering the aerodynamic effects. Shape optimization of deck cross-section is usually formulated to minimize the amount of material by finding adequate parameters such as the depth, the height, and the thickness and while ensuring the overall stability of the structure by the application of some constraints. Codes and studies have been implemented to analyze the wind phenomena and the structural responses towards bridge deck cross-sections where simplifications have been adopted due to the complexity and the uniqueness of such components besides the difficulty of obtaining a final model of the aerodynamic behavior. In this thesis, two main perspectives have been studied; the first is fully deterministic and presents a novel framework on generating optimal aerodynamic shapes for streamlined and trapezoidal cross-sections based on the meta-modeling approach. Single and multi-objective optimizations were both carried out and a Pareto Front is generated. The performance of the optimal designs is checked afterwards. In the second part, a new strategy based on Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) to mitigate the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) on the Trans-Tokyo Bay bridge is proposed. Small changes in the leading and trailing edges are presented and uncertainties are considered in the structural system. Probabilistic constraints based on polynomial regression are evaluated and the problem is solved while applying the Reliability Index Approach (RIA) and the Performance Measure Approach (PMA). The results obtained in the first part showed that the aspect ratio has a significant effect on the aerodynamic behavior where deeper cross-sections have lower resistance against flutter and should be avoided. In the second part, the adopted RBDO approach succeeded to mitigate the VIV, and it is proven that designs with narrow or prolonged bottom-base length and featuring an abrupt surface change in the leading and trailing edges can lead to high vertical vibration amplitude. It is expected that this research will help engineers with the selections of the adequate deck cross-section layout, and encourage researchers to apply concepts of optimization regarding this field and develop the presented approaches for further studies

Floors Concept For Studying e-commerce Development: Pertinence With Reference To Tunisian Context

E-commerce development is described in literature with reference to divergent points of views having many insufficiencies. In order to palliate these limits, this paper proposes a new construct, namely floors, corresponding to growing development levels. This construct permits e-commerce development influencing factors analysis. This paper proposes a model specifying factors influencing e-commerce development in Tunisian hospitality sector. A technology-organization-environment model was adopted to model the variables shaping development. Variables maintained in the model are affected to development floors

Frugal Digitalization: A Systematic Literature Review

There is a massive growth in the use of digital technologies in businesses over these decades. However, most organizations lack the resources necessary for such an investment, particularly in developing countries. This context may be conducive to low-cost digitalization, which we named frugal digitalization. In this line, we conducted a systematic literature review using the PRISMA protocol to determine the scope of frugal digitalization in previous research. This protocol allowed us to include 13 articles. Results showed that some terms in the included articles reflect characteristics of an economic choice, while others are based on digital technology, and some cases emphasized the intersection of terms with economic and digital properties without any recommended theoretical definitions of this phenomenon which we called Frugal digitalization

Splénomégalie multi-nodulaire révélatrice d’une tuberculose multifocale à localisation splénique et vertébrale: à propos d’un cas

La tuberculose splénique et le mal de Pott sont deux entités rares, notamment chez un sujet immunocompétent. Nous rapportons le cas d'une femme immunocompétente de 57 ans qui a présenté un tableau de douleur de l´hypocondre gauche atypique évoluant depuis 3 mois, associée à une paraparésie des 2 membres inférieurs d´installation progressive. Les données de laboratoire n'ont fourni aucune information spécifique pour le diagnostic, à part les résultats du QuantiFERON qui était positive. La tomodensitométrie abdominopelvienne a révélé une splénomégalie avec de multiples lésions nodulaire hypodenses dans la rate. L´imagerie par résonance magnétique (IRM) médullaire a montré un aspect de spondyldiscite de l´étage D10-D11 avec des collections épidurales et paravertébrales responsable d´une compression médullaire, le GenExpert dans le prélèvement osseux était positif avec la présence d´un granulome centré par une nécrose caséeuse à l´étude histologique, le diagnostic de la tuberculose multifocale a été retenu