A discrete isodiametric result: the Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem for multisets

There are many generalizations of the Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem. We give new results (and problems) concerning families of $t$-intersecting $k$-element multisets of an $n$-set and point out connections to coding theory and classical geometry. We establish the conjecture that for $n \geq t(k-t)+2$ such a family can have at most ${n+k-t-1\choose k-t}$ members

A vállalati innováció által indukált szervezeti változások a magyar energiaszektorban

A kutatás célja, hogy a globális energiaszektor átalakulásából következő megújulási kényszerben lévő magyarországi energetikai nagyvállalatok innovációmenedzsment-kihívásait azonosítsa, illetve összefüggéseket keressen az innováció gyakorlati megvalósítása és a szervezeti változás, változásvezetés szükségessége között. A kutatás induktív logikán alapuló, kvalitatív módszertanra épült. A kutatás eredményeként a szerzők megállapítják, hogy a Magyarországon működő energetikai nagyvállalatok stratégiájában explicit vagy implicit módon fókuszban van az innováció, de az innováció megvalósítása a hagyományos struktúrákkal, a szervezeti kultúrával, illetve a tudásmenedzsmenttel összefüggő külső és belső korlátozó tényezőkbe ütközik. A megújulási nehézség kezelésére az energetikai nagyvállalatok új szervezeteket hozhatnak létre, s ezzel strukturálisan elkülöníthetik az új üzleti területek fejlesztését a hagyományos tevékenységtől, vagy irányított szervezeti változásokat hajthatnak végre, mellyel mérsékelt strukturális szeparációt és kontextuális fejlesztést alkalmazhatnak az innovációs képességek kiaknázását támogató feltételek kialakítása érdekében

The role of inter-organizational innovation networks as change drivers in commercialization of disruptive technologies: The case of power-to-gas

Power-to-gas (P2G) technology is an emerging disruptive solution for renewable electricity integration and energy storage. Two significant challenges of its commercialization are the perceived risks associated to its scalability and the cost-benefit ratio of P2G versus other innovative energy storage technologies. Its emerging regulatory and business environment significantly limit the accuracy of the financial models, as well. In our research we have examined how inter-organizational networks and innovation management could contribute to the commercialization of the technology in spite of the above mentioned challenges. We performed action research between 2016-2019 at Hungarian technology developer startup Power-to-Gas Hungary Kft. Our research results show that dyad-level open innovation led to a significant opportunity to make new steps towards the commercialization of the disruptive technology. Because of the exploitative characteristics of the market environment and emerging regulatory framework we identified significant needs for complementary resources that would drive successful commercialization. We found that inter-organizational P2G innovation networks and their role in shaping further innovation and the establishment of regulatory sandbox models might be essential to overcome barriers of commercialization of this disruptive technology

Defining C Preprocessor Macro Libraries with Functional Programs

The preprocessor of the C language provides a standard way to generate code at compile time. However, writing and understanding these macros is difficult. Lack of typing, statelessness and uncommon syntax are the main reasons of this difficulty. Haskell is a high-level purely functional language with expressive type system, algebraic data types and many useful language extensions. These suggest that Haskell code can be written and maintained easier than preprocessor macros. Functional languages have certain similarities to macro languages. By using these similarities this paper describes a transformation that translates lambda expressions into preprocessor macros. Existing compilers for functional languages generate lambda expressions from the source code as an intermediate representation. As a result it is possible to write Haskell code that will be translated into preprocessor macros that manipulate source code. This may result in faster development and maintenance of complex macro metaprograms

Adjustment of global imbalances: Illustrative scenarios for Hungary

In this study we examine the impact on Hungary of a possible correction of global imbalances. We distinguished four different channels of the global adjustment process, which are widely referred to in the literature (fiscal tightening in the U.S.; housing price correction in the US; an increase in the risk premium of dollar assets; increase in domestic demand in the Asian region) and analyzed them through model simulations. We constructed global scenarios using the NIGEM model, while we captured the domestic impacts using the Quarterly Projection Model (NEM) of the Magyar Nemzeti Bank. According to our results, both the global and domestic effects differ significantly with respect to whether the correction originates from the U.S. or Asia and whether it is a result of policy or market processes. We found that a possible global correction will pass through to Hungary mainly through the Eurozone countries, thus its main impact will be relatively dampened. The responses of domestic macroeconomic variables depend on our assumptions on the reaction of monetary policy and the developments in the risk premium on forint denominated assets.monetary policy, global inbalalnces, forecasting, simulation.

Innovation and Knowledge Management in the Energy Sector

We experience significant changes in the energy sector globally. The main trends are related to the sustainability, the growing share of renewables, the demand for decentralized solutions, the use of smart devices and the importance of energy efficiency and energy security. Because of the changing market environment, large energy companies need new organizational solutions and business activities, which can be achieved through innovation according to market trends. However, the rigorous regulation and the rigid institutional context limit opportunities, moreover, the large size of the energy companies, the highly concentrated markets and the dominance of traditional technologies result organizational inertia and path dependency suppressing innovation and organizational change. Our article analyzes the external factors forcing changes, external and internal factors suppressing changes, and finally identifies those management tools that can facilitate the innovation processes and organizational changes. Keywords: energy sector, environmental changes, organizational changes, change management, innovation management, knowledge management

The significance of the Hungarian maize production in relation to the common agricultural policy

Maize is one of the major crops of Hungary. This can be used in various ways, most notably for human consumption, feeding purpose, and ethanol production that is used as a fuel additive. The major indicator of its market competitiveness is the maize yield which varied over the years. This was mostly caused by the weather conditions. The use of more resistant maize varieties, as well as the proper amount of fertilizer (especially nitrogen and potassium as active ingredients), would help to stabilize yields. On the sales side, the price determines the efficiency of production. The Common Agricultural Policy plays a key role in this regard as direct payments contributed to the gross revenue of the crop producers by 57.2% on average in Hungary. The article aims to provide a detailed overview of these issues from 2010 to 2020. Based on our results, we formulated policy recommendations. Regarding maize trade, processing and, therefore, a higher share of value-added products would be essential (canned products, gluten, corn germ oil, gluten) on the export side. This would further increase Hungary’s agri-food trade surplus as well as create new jobs in this sector. However, the exceptional (roughly 47%) price increase in 2021 may not be motivating enough for the different market players in the supply chain