Anomalous septal perforator artery arising from the proximal right coronary artery

The interventricular septum is the most densely vascularized portion of the heart, containing important elements of the cardiac conduction system and providing mechanical support for both right and left ventricular function. The diagnosis and understanding of anomalies in coronary circulation are important when surgical or percutaneous myocardial revascularization is required. We report the case of a patient with an anomalous septal perforator artery arising from the proximal portion of the right coronary artery.O septo interventricular é uma das regiões mais vascularizadas do coração, contendo elementos importantes do sistema de condução cardíaco e fornecendo suporte mecânico para as funções ventriculares esquerda e direita. O diagnóstico e a compreensão das anomalias na circulação coronária são importantes quando a revascularização miocárdica, cirúrgica ou percutânea, é necessária. Descrevemos a seguir o caso de um paciente com artéria septal perfurante anômala originando-se da porção proximal da artéria coronária direita.939

Ganglioside Gm1 Effects On The Expression Of Nerve Growth Factor (ngf), Trk-a Receptor, Proinflammatory Cytokines And On Autoimmune Diabetes Onset In Non-obese Diabetic (nod) Mice.

NOD (non-obese diabetic) mice develop type 1 diabetes mellitus spontaneously and with a strong similarity to the human disease. Differentiation and function of pancreas beta cells are regulated by a variety of hormones and growth factors, including the nerve growth factor (NGF). Gangliosides have multiple immunomodulatory activities with immunosuppressive properties, decreasing lymphoproliferative responses and modulating cytokine production. In the present study, serum, pancreas islets and spleen mononuclear cells from NOD mice treated with monosialic ganglioside GM1 (100 mg/kg/day) and the group control which received saline solution were isolated to investigate the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, IL-12, TNF-alpha), NGF and its high-affinity receptor TrkA, peri-islet Schwann cells components (GFAP, S100-beta) expression and the relationship with diabetes onset and morphological aspects. Our results suggest that GM1 administration to female NOD mice beginning at the 4th week of life is able to reduce the index of inflammatory infiltrate and consequently the expression of diabetes, modulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta). Furthermore, GM1 increases GFAP, S-100beta and NGF in pancreas islets, factors involved in beta cell survival.4292-10