Environmental situation of Baikal Lake

This article considers the ecological situation, which has developed around a unique natural object - Lake Baikal. There are studied physical and geographical characteristics of this lake, because it is one of the greatest lakes in the world and the largest freshwater lake in Russia. Lake Baikal is 1.7 times larger the Lake Ladoga, the largest lake in Europe. Baikal is the largest fresh water lake in the world. Its volume is 23 600 cubic kilometers, which is about 20% of the planets’ fresh lake water - much more than in all the freshwater lakes of the world. There are described the most large-scale tributaries, which fill the lake, as well as the only river, flowing from it. There are studied basin areas of this valuable lake, which are under protection. There are four main periods identified by analyzing the dynamics of wastewater performances

Petrological-geochemical features of ore-bearing effusive and intrusive rocks of the Nikolaevskoe gold-porphyry deposit (the Southern Urals)

Object. The article considers the results of geochemical studies of ore-bearing effusive and intrusive rocks of the Nikolaevka gold deposit, located in the zone of the Main Uralian fault in the Southern Urals. The deposit belongs to the gold-porphyry type which unconventional for the Urals and poorly studied here. Methods. The rock composition was determined by chemical analysis (IG UFRC RAS), mass-spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma on the ELAH 9000 quadrupole mass-spectrometer (IGG UB RAS) and X-ray fluorescence analysis on the VRA 30 spectrometer (IG UFRC RAS). Results. It is established that gold-porphyry mineralization associated with an island-arc volcanic-intrusive complex that unites plagiophyric and pyroxene-plagiophyric basalts, their tuffs, gabbro intrusions and ore-bearing series of dikes plagiophyric dolerite-porphyrites and gabbro-diorite-porphyrites. The rocks of the complex, including ore-bearing dikes, have normal alkalinity, tholeitic and transition from tholeitic to calc-alkaline composition. Among the volcanogenic formations, faunistically dated in the zone of the Main Ural fault in the Southern Urals, by a number of geochemical parameters (for example, the ratios of Zr/Nb and Nb/Th) the effusive and intrusive rocks of the deposit are the closest to the volcanics of the pyrite-bearing Baymak-Buribay Formation (D1e2), lying at the base of the section of the Magnitogorsk island arc, and, in all probability, are their age analog. At the same time, the gold-bearing complex differs from the Baymak-Buribay Formation by a general increased iron and titanium content, with a reduced magnesia of all rock types, as well as the absence of boninites and acid volcanics, the predominance of porphyry rock types, which can be due to the geodynamic conditions of its formation. Conclusion. Geodynamic analysis of geochemical data using diagrams (La/Sm)N-TiO2 and V-Ti/1000 suggests that the Nikolaevka deposit was formed in the articulation zone of the island arc and the back-arc basin. Gold-porphyry mineralization associated with the Late Emsian volcanic processes was isolated in the Southern Urals for the first time

Research of technological interaction methods between expert structures and political institutions

The article analyzes the current state of interaction between political institutions and the expert community. This scientific research was conducted in the form of an interview. The respondents were members of expert communities, both non-governmental structures and representatives of expert structures under state authorities, as well as representatives of political institutions. Interview questions reveal a set of competencies that are necessary in order to be fully called a professional expert, attracted by political institutions to build a dialogue and help in the formation of effective public policy. The questions also related to the current situation with the rotation of the composition of experts in expert structures. The opinion of experts and representatives of political institutions was studied on what improvements and mechanisms should be implemented and adjusted to build productive and effective interaction between expert communities and representatives of political institutions. The relevance of the research lies in the analysis of the answers to these questions. The logical purpose of the work is to form an understanding of a number of modern problems faced by both experts and representatives of political institutions at the current stage of development of their interaction in the formation of public policy

Mentoring as a Predominant Factor Affecting Well-Being of Older People

The authors of the paper studied the state of well-being of older people who retired and stop working at the company they have worked for over 20 years. The survey provided some useful insights into the problem with the reference to three samples of 10 older people from each group: 1) older people who retired and keep in touch with the previous organisation; 2) older people who retired and continue working at the company as consultants, supervisors, experts, mentors etc.; 3) older people who retired and work in another enterprise and lost the touch with the previous organisation. Retired people took part in present research by completing a questionnaire survey. A set of data was examined by being compared to reveal the state of older people’s well-being criteria predominance in the various sample groups

Фациальный состав, геохимические особенности и геодинамические обстановки образования позднеэмсских островодужных комплексов зоны Главного Уральского разлома на Южном Урале

The facial and geochemical peculiarities of the Late Emsian island arc complexes of the Main Urals Fault Zone (Southern Urals) are considered. The results of geodynamic reconstructions are given. It was shown that the rock composition of the complexes formed in three geodynamic settings: 1) on the island arc slope of the deep-water trench, 2) within the frontal island arc, and 3) in the junction zone of the northern edge of the frontal island arc and back-arc basin. The facies of the island arc slope include serpentinite-clastic edaphogenic breccias containing Co-Cu-massive sulfide mineralization and polymictic olistostrome. Volcanogenic strata and intrusive formations represent the frontal arc. Low-Ti magmatites belonging mainly to the tholeiitic and boninitic series and having a metallogenic specialization for massive sulfide mineralization dominate in the southern areas of the suture zone.  Moderate-Ti magmatites of the tholeiitic composition, productive on Au-Cu-porphyry mineralization, are distributed in the northern regions. A gold-bearing volcano-intrusive association has formed in the junction zone of the northern edge of the frontal island arc and back-arc basin, where moderate-Ti rocks of tholeiitic and transitional from tholeiitic to calc-alkaline composition dominate. It is assumed that the differences in the geochemical characteristics and metallogenic specialization of the Late Emsian magmatites are associated with the changes in the geodynamic conditions of magma formation and ore genesis along and across the strike of the island arc system.Рассмотрены фациальные и геохимические особенности позднеэмсских островодужных комплексов зоны Главного Уральского разлома на Южном Урале. Приведены результаты геодинамических реконструкций. Показано, что в строении комплексов участвуют породы, сформировавшиеся в трех геодинамических обстановках: 1) на островодужном склоне глубоководного желоба, 2) в пределах фронтальной островной дуги и 3) в зоне сочленения северного замыкания фронтальной островной дуги и задугового бассейна. К фациям островодужного склона относятся серпентинитокластические эдафогенные брекчии, вмещающие Co-Cu-колчеданное оруденение, и полимиктовый олистостром. Фронтальная дуга представлена вулканогенными толщами и интрузивными образованиями, среди которых в южных районах сутурной зоны преобладают низкотитанистые магматиты, принадлежащие главным образом к толеитовой и бонинитовой сериям и имеющие металлогеническую специализацию на колчеданное оруденение, а в северных районах – умереннотитанистые магматиты толеитового состава, продуктивные на Au-Cu порфировое оруденение. В зоне сочленения северного замыкания фронтальной островной дуги и задугового бассейна образовалась золотоносная вулкано-интрузивная ассоциация, в которой доминируют умереннотитанистые породы толеитового и переходного от толеитового к известково-щелочному состава. Предполагается, что различия в геохимических характеристиках и металлогенической специализации позднеэмсских магматитов в значительной мере обусловлены изменением геодинамических условий магмаобразования и рудогенеза вдоль и вкрест простирания островодужной системы

ЭЛЕКТРОДИАЛИЗНАЯ ОБРАБОТКА РАСТВОРА АЛЮМОБОРФОСФАТНОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА В УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОМ ПОЛЕ ДЛЯ ТОЧНОГО ЛИТЬЯ

There were considered different aspects of ultrasonic application in the process of electrodialysis of aluminoborophosphate concentrate (ABРС) solution for synthesis of binder agent without silica in precision casting of reactive alloys. There was defined that increasing of speed and undergoing degree of electrodialysis in the field of powerful ultrasonic. There was developed corresponding simulation model, offered and realized computer run calculation method of optimal parameters for preparation of activated ABРС binder agent in precision casting. Their use secured effective management of complex physical and chemical process of electrodialysis in the field of ultrasonic. On the base of determined relationships was developed technology of ceramic corundum mold manufacturing on activated ABРС, providing quality increasing of high-duty precision casting from nonferrous alloys.Рассмотрены вопросы применения ультразвука в процессе электродиализа раствора алюмоборфосфатного концентрата (АБФК) для синтеза бескремнеземного связующего в точном литье химически активных сплавов. Установлено повышение скорости и степени прохождения электродиализа в поле мощного ультразвука. Разработана соответствующая математическая модель, создана и реализована на ЭВМ методика расчета оптимальных параметров подготовки активированного АБФК-связующего в точном литье. Их использование обеспечило эффективное управление сложным физико-химическим процессом электродиализа в поле ультразвука. На основе выясненных закономерностей разработана технология изготовления керамических корундовых форм на активированном АБФК, обеспечивающая повышение качества точных отливок ответственного назначения из цветных сплавов

Волновые процессы в дрейфующем льду Cеверного Ледовитого океана в экспедиции MOSAiC. Зимний период

One of the main directions of theoretical and applied research in the Arctic is the study of physical and mechanical processes in the atmosphere — ice — ocean system. For this purpose, theoretical and experimental problems are solved. The paper employs the method of monitoring the state of drifting ice by means of autonomous seismic stations in the MOSAiC international expedition in 2019–2020. The method of remote registration of ice information with a discreteness of 100 Hz made it possible to obtain data on the processes of compression and crushing of ice of various temporal and spatial scales. The paper presents early findings on the development of physico-mechanical processes in the ice cover under the influence of wind, oceanic gravitational waves, compression and crushing phenomena during large-scale deformations in drifting ice. The amplitude-frequency spectra of surface gravitational waves obtained in this work provide sufficient reason for attributing the phenomena described to swell waves and infra-gravity waves that occur in the stormy areas of the oceans. New data have been obtained on low-frequency horizontally polarized waves caused by the compression of ice and movements along breaks in the cohesive ice cover. The article considers the possibilities of using instrumental monitoring of the occurrence and development of tidal compression and crushing in the drifting ice of the Arctic Ocean. The results obtained can be used to develop methods for predicting the state of ice in real time both in engineering tasks and for improving weather and climate forecasting models.Одной из основных научных и прикладных проблем в Арктике являются исследования физико-механических процессов в системе атмосфера — лед — океан. С этой целью решаются теоретические и экспериментальные задачи. В настоящей работе использовался метод мониторинга состояния дрейфующего льда с помощью автономных сейсмических станций в международной экспедиции MOSAiC в 2019–2020 гг. Метод дистанционной регистрации ледовой информации с дискретностью100 Гц позволил получить данные о процессах сжатия и торошения льдов различного временного и пространственного масштаба. В работе представлены первые результаты о развитии физико-механических процессов в ледяном покрове при воздействии ветра, океанических гравитационных волн, явлениях сжатия и торошения при крупномасштабных деформациях в дрейфующем льду. Полученные в работе амплитудно-частотные спектры поверхностных гравитационных волн являются основанием относить описанные явления к волнам зыби и инфрагравитационным волнам, возникающим в штормовых районах океанов. Получены новые данные о низкочастотных горизонтально-поляризованных волнах, обусловленных сжатием льдов и подвижками по разрывам в сплоченном ледяном покрове. Рассмотрены возможности использования инструментального мониторинга возникновения и развития приливного сжатия и торошения в дрейфующих льдах Северного Ледовитого океана. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для разработки методов прогнозирования состояния льдов в режиме реального времени как в инженерных задачах, так и для совершенствования моделей прогноза погоды и климата