13 research outputs found
Short-term exposure to high-intensity sound induces hearing loss and apoptosis in guinea pigs
The effects of ECMO on neurological function recovery of critical patients: A double-edged sword
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) played an important role in the treatment of patients with critical care such as cardiac arrest (CA) and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ECMO is gradually showing its advantages in terms of speed and effectiveness of circulatory support, as it provides adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) to the patient and ensures the perfusion of organs. ECMO enhances patient survival and improves their neurological prognosis. However, ECMO-related brain complications are also important because of the high risk of death and the associated poor outcomes. We summarized the reported complications related to ECMO for patients with CA, such as north–south syndrome, hypoxic–ischemic brain injury, cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury, impaired intracranial vascular autoregulation, embolic stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and brain death. The exact mechanism of ECMO on the role of brain function is unclear. Here we review the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with ECMO in the protection of neurologic function in recent years, as well as the ECMO-related complications in brain and the means to improve it, to provide ideas for the treatment of brain function protection in CA patients
The role of TGF-β in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with low rate of surgical resection and poor prognosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine that has both protumor and antitumor activities, depending on tumor microenvironment. The interaction between TGF-β signaling and the tumor microenvironment in PC is complex. Here, we reviewed the role of TGF-β in the tumor microenvironment of PC, highlighting producers of TGF-β and TGF-β responders in the tumor microenvironment of PC
Clinical practice of emergency department-initiated extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest in adults
Gut Microbiota and Relevant Metabolites Analysis in Alcohol Dependent Mice
Alcohol abuse is a major public health crisis. Relative evidences supported that the gut microbiota (GM) played an important role in central nervous system (CNS) function, and the composition of them had changed after alcohol drinking. We sought to explore the changes of GM in alcohol dependence. In our study, the GM of mice with alcohol administration was detected through analyzed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and the fecal metabolites were analyzed by LC-MS. The microbial diversity was significantly higher in the alcohol administration group, the abundance of phylum Firmicutes and its class Clostridiales were elevated, meanwhile the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Alistipes, and Odoribacter showed significant differences among the three groups. Based on LC-MS results, bile acid, secondary bile acid, serotonin and taurine level had varying degrees of changes in alcohol model. From paraffin sections, tissue damage was observed in liver and colon. These findings provide direct evidence that alcohol intake affects the composition of GM, enable a better understanding of the function of GM in the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, and give a new thought for alcohol addiction treatment
Association between ambient temperature and semen quality among sperm donation volunteers in South China
Background: Potential adverse effects of non-optimum temperatures on human semen quality have drawn much concern worldwide; however, the exposure–response relationship remains less understood. Objectives: To quantitatively assess the association between exposure to ambient temperature and semen quality in South China, and to identify potential critical exposure windows. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate 11,050 volunteers who lived in Guangdong province, China and intended to donate sperm in the Guangdong provincial human sperm bank during 2016–2021. Exposure to ambient temperature during 0–90 days before semen collection was assessed by extracting daily temperatures from a validated grid dataset at each subject’s residential address. Linear mixed models and linear regression models were used to perform exposure–response analyses. Results: During the study period, the 11,050 subjects underwent 44,564 semen analyses. Each 5 °C increase of lag 0–90 day exposure to ambient temperature was approximately linearly associated with a 3.11 (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.08, 4.14) × 106/ml, 9.31 (4.83, 13.80) × 106, 1.27 % (0.91 %, 1.62 %), 8.20 (5.33, 11.08) × 106, 1.37 % (1.01 %, 1.74 %), 8.29 (5.52, 11.06) × 106, 0.67 % (0.28 %, 1.05 %), and 4.50 (2.20, 6.80) × 106 reduction in sperm concentration, total sperm number, total motility, total motile sperm number, progressive motility, total progressive sperm number, normal forms, and total normal form sperm number, respectively (all p 0.05). We identified a critical exposure period of 10–14 days before semen collection for sperm motility, and 70–90 days before semen collection for sperm count and morphology. Conclusions: Our study provides consistent evidence that higher ambient temperature was significantly associated with a reduction in semen quality in South China. The findings highlight the needs to reduce high temperature exposures during 3 months before ejaculation to maintain better semen quality
Dynamic Tracking Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Tropism following Smoke Inhalation Injury in NOD/SCID Mice
Multiple preclinical evidences have supported the potential value of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). However, few studies focus on the dynamic tropism of MSCs in animals with acute lung injury. In this study, we track systemically transplanted human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in NOD/SCID mice with smoke inhalation injury (SII) through bioluminescence imaging (BLI). The results showed that hBMSCs systemically delivered into healthy NOD/SCID mouse initially reside in the lungs and then partially translocate to the abdomen after 24 h. Compared with the uninjured control group treated with hBMSCs, higher numbers of hBMSCs were found in the lungs of the SII NOD/SCID mice. In both the uninjured and SII mice, the BLI signals in the lungs steadily decreased over time and disappeared by 5 days after treatment. hBMSCs significantly attenuated lung injury, elevated the levels of KGF, decreased the levels of TNF-α in BALF, and inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in the mice with SII. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that more systemically infused hBMSCs localized to the lungs in mice with SII. hBMSC xenografts repaired smoke inhalation-induced lung injury in mice. This repair was maybe due to the effect of anti-inflammatory and secreting KGF of hMSCs but not associated with the differentiation of the hBMSCs into alveolar epithelial cells
Determining Junction Temperature in InGaN Light-Emitting Diodes Using Low Forward Currents
University-Industry Cooperation in Fujian Province [2011H6025, 2013H6024]; NNSF of China [11104230, 61102030]; 863 project of China [2013AA03A107]; Fujian Province [2012H0039]We propose an experimental method that determines junction temperatures in light-emitting diodes by measuring currents while holding the low forward voltages constant. In this procedure, we first calibrate current-temperature-relationship parameters under the condition of negligible thermal generation. With one of the two parametric values, we discover the existence of a forward voltage peak that yields most sensitive measurements of the junction temperature. Results show a nearly linear relationship between the algorithmic currents and temperature reciprocals with high testing precision
Transcriptomic and Metabonomic Profiling Reveal Synergistic Effects of Quercetin and Resveratrol Supplementation in High Fat Diet Fed Mice
Dietary quercetin and resveratrol have been frequently
used in treating various diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are
not entirely clear. Here, we report combined transcriptomic and metabonomic
profiling that showed that the combined supplementation with quercetin
and resveratrol produced synergistic effects on a high-fat diet-induced
metabolic phenotype in mice. Histological and phenotypic improvements
in serum and hepatic total cholesterol, insulin, fasting blood glucose,
and HbA1c were also observed in mice receiving combined quercetin
and resveratrol supplementation. This combined quercetin and resveratrol
supplementation resulted in significant restoration of gene sets in
functional pathways of glucose/lipid metabolism, liver function, cardiovascular
system, and inflammation/immunity, which were altered by high fat
diet feeding. The integration of transcriptomic and metabonomic data
indicated quercetin and resveratrol supplementation enhanced processes
of glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, as well as suppressed gluconeogenesis.
These alterations discovered at both the transcriptional and metabolic
levels highlight the significance of combined “omics”
platforms for elucidating mechanistic pathways altered by dietary
polyphenols, such as quercetin and resveratrol, in a synergistic manner
Transcriptomic and Metabonomic Profiling Reveal Synergistic Effects of Quercetin and Resveratrol Supplementation in High Fat Diet Fed Mice
Dietary quercetin and resveratrol have been frequently
used in treating various diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are
not entirely clear. Here, we report combined transcriptomic and metabonomic
profiling that showed that the combined supplementation with quercetin
and resveratrol produced synergistic effects on a high-fat diet-induced
metabolic phenotype in mice. Histological and phenotypic improvements
in serum and hepatic total cholesterol, insulin, fasting blood glucose,
and HbA1c were also observed in mice receiving combined quercetin
and resveratrol supplementation. This combined quercetin and resveratrol
supplementation resulted in significant restoration of gene sets in
functional pathways of glucose/lipid metabolism, liver function, cardiovascular
system, and inflammation/immunity, which were altered by high fat
diet feeding. The integration of transcriptomic and metabonomic data
indicated quercetin and resveratrol supplementation enhanced processes
of glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation, as well as suppressed gluconeogenesis.
These alterations discovered at both the transcriptional and metabolic
levels highlight the significance of combined “omics”
platforms for elucidating mechanistic pathways altered by dietary
polyphenols, such as quercetin and resveratrol, in a synergistic manner