Impact of disease activity and treatment of comorbidities on the risk of myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis

Background The aim was to estimate the impact of individual risk factors and treatment with various disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods We analysed data from 11,285 patients with RA, enrolled in the prospective cohort study RABBIT, at the start of biologic (b) or conventional synthetic (cs) DMARDs. A nested case–control study was conducted, defining patients with MI during follow-up as cases. Cases were matched 1:1 to control patients based on age, sex, year of enrolment and five cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities. Generalized linear models were applied (Poisson regression with a random component, conditional logistic regression). Results In total, 112 patients developed an MI during follow-up. At baseline, during the first 6 months of follow-up and prior to the MI, inflammation markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP)) but not 28-joint-count disease activity score (DAS28) were significantly higher in MI cases compared to matched controls and the remaining cohort. Baseline treatment with DMARDs was similar across all groups. During follow-up bDMARD treatment was significantly more often discontinued or switched in MI cases. CV comorbidities were significantly less often treated in MI cases vs. matched controls (36 % vs. 17 %, p < 0.01). In the adjusted regression model, we found a strong association between higher CRP and MI (OR for log-transformed CRP at follow-up: 1.47, 95 % CI 1.00; 2.16). Furthermore, treatment with prednisone ≥10 mg/day (OR 1.93, 95 % CI 0.57; 5.85), TNF inhibitors (OR 0.91, 95 % CI 0.40; 2.10) or other bDMARDs (OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.27; 2.72) was not associated with higher MI risk. Conclusions CRP was associated with risk of MI. Our results underline the importance of tight disease control taking not only global disease activity, but also CRP as an individual marker into account. It seems irrelevant with which class of (biologic or conventional) DMARD effective control of disease activity is achieved. However, in some patients the available treatment options were insufficient or insufficiently used - regarding DMARDs to treat RA as well as regarding the treatment of CV comorbidities

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Impact of disease activity and treatment of comorbidities on the risk of myocardial infarction in rheumatoid arthritis

Course of RA disease represented by CRP, ESR and DAS28, and restricted to patients without coronary heart disease at baseline. (DOCX 128 kb

Sensitivity and Specificity of Autoantibodies Against CD 74 in Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis

ObjectiveAutoantibodies against CD74 (anti-CD74) are associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The present multicenter study, the International Spondyloarthritis Autoantibody (InterSpA) trial, was undertaken to compare the sensitivity and specificity of anti-CD74 and HLA-B27 in identifying patients with nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). MethodsPatients ages 18-45 years with inflammatory back pain of 2 years' duration and a clinical suspicion of axSpA were recruited. HLA-B27 genotyping and magnetic resonance imaging of sacroiliac joints were performed in all patients. One hundred forty-nine patients with chronic inflammatory back pain (IBP) not caused by axSpA served as controls, and additional controls included 50 AS patients and 100 blood donors whose specimens were analyzed. ResultsOne hundred patients with inflammatory back pain received a diagnosis of nonradiographic axSpA from the investigators and fulfilled the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria. The mean age was 29 years, and the mean symptom duration was 12.5 months. The sensitivity of IgA anti-CD74 and IgG anti-CD74 for identifying the 100 axSpA patients was 47% and 17%, respectively. The specificity of both IgA anti-CD74 and IgG anti-CD74 was 95.3%. The sensitivity of HLA-B27 was 81%. The positive likelihood ratios were 10.0 (IgA anti-CD74), 3.6 (IgG anti-CD74), and 8.1 (HLA-B27). Assuming a 5% pretest probability of axSpA in chronic back pain patients, the posttest probability, after consideration of the respective positive test results, was 33.3% for IgA anti-CD74, 15.3% for IgG anti-CD74, and 28.8% for HLA-B27. A combination of IgA anti-CD74 and HLA-B27 results in a posttest probability of 80.2%. ConclusionIgA anti-CD74 may be a useful tool for identifying axSpA. The diagnostic value of the test in daily practice requires further confirmation

Entwicklung von Qualitätsstandards für die Versorgung von Patient*innen mit rheumatoider Arthritis zur Anwendung in Deutschland

Trotz einer qualitativ und strukturell guten Versorgung von Patient*innen mit rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) in Deutschland bestehen weiterhin potenziell behebbare Defizite in der Qualität der Versorgung. Aus diesem Grund hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh) eine Expert*innengruppe, in der verschiedene Interessengruppen vertreten waren, beauftragt, nationale Qualitätsstandards (QS) mit dem Ziel zu entwickeln, die rheumatologische Versorgung von Patient*innen mit RA in Deutschland qualitativ zu verbessern. QS dienen der Festlegung und quantitativen Messung guter Versorgungsqualität unter dem Vorbehalt von Relevanz und Realisierbarkeit. Als Grundlage für die Entwicklung dienten die kürzlich publizierten Standards von NICE und ASAS und eine systematische Literatursuche. Insgesamt wurden 8 hiermit erstmals veröffentlichte QS konsentiert, die als Grundlage dienen können, die Versorgungsqualität von Patient*innen mit RA in Deutschland zu messen und weiter zu optimieren.Despite a qualitatively and structurally good care of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Germany, there are still potentially amendable deficits in the quality of care. For this reason, the German Society for Rheumatology (DGRh) has therefore decided to ask a group of experts including various stakeholders to develop quality standards (QS) for the care of patients with RA in order to improve the quality of care. The QS are used to determine and quantitatively measure the quality of care, subject to relevance and feasibility. The recently published NICE and ASAS standards and a systematic literature search were used as the basis for development. A total of 8 QS, now published for the first time, were approved with the intention to measure and further optimize the quality of care for patients with RA in Germany