Heat Utilization from Screw Compressors

Import 26/06/2013V bakalářské práci se zabývám využíváním tepla ze šroubových kompresorů, které vzniká při stlačování plynu. Cílem této práce je návrh deskového výměníku tepla a akumulační nádrže na teplou užitkovou vodu. Tato voda bude dále využita pro sociální a technologické účely. V první části práce jsou popsány šroubové kompresory společně s transformacemi energií, ke kterým u těchto kompresorů dochází. Ve druhé části práce se věnuji návrhu energetického systému pro zadaný šroubový kompresor a ekonomickému zhodnocení celého projektu.This bachelor thesis deals with the heat utilization from screw compressors, which is generated by gas compression. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to suggest a plate heat exchanger and hot water storage tank. Hot water will be used for social and technological purposes. The first part describes screw compressors with energy transformations, which occurs in these compressors. The second part is devoted to design of the energy system for the screw compressor and the economical evaluation of the project.361 - Katedra energetikyvýborn

Analysis of laboratory values of rock radioactivity within the map sheet 15-11 Zlaté Hory

Natural radioactive elements (potassium, uranium and thorium) abundances were measured in 769 samples of metamorphic and igneous rocks and pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks from all geological units on the map sheet 15-11 Zlaté Hory, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. Metamorphic rocks belong to two geological units of the Silesicum: to the Vrbno Group (a volcanosedimentary complex composed mainly of phyllites, quartzites, amphibolites, greenschists, acid to intermediate metavolcanites and their metatuff s) and the Desná Group (metagranites and blastomylonites). Unmetamorphosed pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks are represented by three Variscan flysch formations – the Andělská Hora, Horní Benešov, and Moravice Fms. (rocks of the first formation are unmetamorphosed to anchimetamorphosed), only in small areas by Cretaceous sandstones of the Peruc-Korycany Formation and Devonian limestones of the Líšeň Formation. Unmetamorphosed magmatites are represented by granitoids, lamprophyres andmicrogabbro. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of most of the studied rocks is low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in feldspar-rich quartzites (186 Bq.kg-1 on average), metakeratophyres (200 Bq.kg-1) and felsic metatuff s (229 Bq.kg-1) of the Vrbno Group.Natural radioactive elements (potassium, uranium and thorium) abundances were measured in 769 samples of metamorphic and igneous rocks and pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks from all geological units on the map sheet 15-11 Zlaté Hory, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. Metamorphic rocks belong to two geological units of the Silesicum: to the Vrbno Group (a volcanosedimentary complex composed mainly of phyllites, quartzites, amphibolites, greenschists, acid to intermediate metavolcanites and their metatuff s) and the Desná Group (metagranites and blastomylonites). Unmetamorphosed pre-Cenozoic sedimentary rocks are represented by three Variscan flysch formations – the Andělská Hora, Horní Benešov, and Moravice Fms. (rocks of the first formation are unmetamorphosed to anchimetamorphosed), only in small areas by Cretaceous sandstones of the Peruc-Korycany Formation and Devonian limestones of the Líšeň Formation. Unmetamorphosed magmatites are represented by granitoids, lamprophyres andmicrogabbro. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of most of the studied rocks is low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in feldspar-rich quartzites (186 Bq.kg-1 on average), metakeratophyres (200 Bq.kg-1) and felsic metatuff s (229 Bq.kg-1) of the Vrbno Group

Influence of uranium mining on the environment – radioactivity of stream sediments and dump material in the area around the deposit Zálesí in the Rychlebské hory Mts.

Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured in sixteen samples of stream sediments and in ten samples of dump material from the area around a small uranium deposit Zálesí near the town of Javorník using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. All studied stream sediments show a low or moderately increased radioactivity (only 345 Bq.kg-1 as a maximum). In harmony with expectation the studied samples of dump material have increased radioactivity (970 Bq.kg-1 on average) due to high uranium contents (55 to 99 ppm eU).Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured in sixteen samples of stream sediments and in ten samples of dump material from the area around a small uranium deposit Zálesí near the town of Javorník using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer. All studied stream sediments show a low or moderately increased radioactivity (only 345 Bq.kg-1 as a maximum). In harmony with expectation the studied samples of dump material have increased radioactivity (970 Bq.kg-1 on average) due to high uranium contents (55 to 99 ppm eU)

MINERALOGIE ŽELEZNÝCH RUD TYPU LAHN-DILL NA LOKALITĚ „DRAKOV“ U HEŘMANOVIC

Iron ores of the Lahn-Dill type were mined at several localities near Heřmanovice in the northern part of the Vrbno Group. In the dump material at the locality „Drakov“, the fragments of ores composed of chlorite of the clinochlore-chamosite series were found. Chlorite schists and chlorite-muscovite to muscovite-chlorite schists as well as marbles from the studied locality usually contain magnetite as an accessory mineral. Its content reaches nearly 5 vol.% in the magnetite-richest samples of those found in the dump material and therefore the mentioned rocks may not to be used as iron ores

Natural radioactivity of granitoids and metagranitoids of the Brunovistulian terrane on the territory of the Czech Republic

Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer, in 712 samples of granitoids and metagranitoids as well as accompanied dioritoids, aplites and pegmatites from the Czech part of the Brunovistulian terrane. Most of the studied rocks belong to the Dyje-Ivančice Massif, Slavkov Massif and Desná Unit. All studied granitoids, metagranitoids and blastomylonites show a low natural radioactivity. Granitoids from the southern part of the Brunovistulian terrane (Dyje-Ivančice Massif) have considerably higher natural radioactivity than those found in more northern parts of the Brunovistulian terrane (Slavkov Massif, Svratka Massif, small granitoid bodies in the surroundings of Olomouc, and Desná Unit).Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured, using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer, in 712 samples of granitoids and metagranitoids as well as accompanied dioritoids, aplites and pegmatites from the Czech part of the Brunovistulian terrane. Most of the studied rocks belong to the Dyje-Ivančice Massif, Slavkov Massif and Desná Unit. All studied granitoids, metagranitoids and blastomylonites show a low natural radioactivity. Granitoids from the southern part of the Brunovistulian terrane (Dyje-Ivančice Massif) have considerably higher natural radioactivity than those found in more northern parts of the Brunovistulian terrane (Slavkov Massif, Svratka Massif, small granitoid bodies in the surroundings of Olomouc, and Desná Unit)

HYDROTERMÁLNÍ KŘEMEN-KALCIT-TURMALÍNOVÉ ŽÍLY NA LOŽISKÁCH ŽELEZNÝCH RUD TYPU LAHN-DILL NA KONICKU

Hydrothermal veins composed mainly of quartz, calcite and black tourmaline of the schorl-dravite solid solution series were found in the iron-ore deposits of the Lahn-Dill type near Dzbel, Jesenec and Ponikev in the Konice-Mladeč belt. The genesis of the veins seems to be connected with hydrothermal processes that are believed to be responsible for both hydrothermal alterations of basic volcanites and the formation of iron-ore accumulations

Investigation of radioactivity of crystalline rocks and palaeozoic sediments within the map sheet 14-44 Šternberk

The paper deals with natural radioactivity of metamorphic and igneous rocks and Palaeozoic sediments on the map sheet 14-44 Šternberk. Studied rocks belong to the following geological units: the Desná Group (mainly metagranitoids, blastomylonites, phyllonites), the Úsov Fm. (acid to intermediate and basic metavolcanites and metatuffs), the Stínava-Chabičov Fm. (a volcano-sedimentary complex with a significant proportion of both products of basic volcanism and “keratophyre rocks“), the Ponikev Fm. (carbonate rocks are dominant), the Moravský Beroun Fm. (mainly sandstones or quartzites), the Andělská Hora Fm. and the Horní Benešov Fm. (the last two formations are composed of flysch sediments). Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer in 1083 rock samples. Data are tabled and discussed. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of the studied rocks is predominantly low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in granitoids called “Libina granite” (234 Bq.kg-1 on average) and in “keratophyres” in the Stínava-Chabičov Fm. (239 Bq.kg-1 on average, 694 Bq.kg-1 in the sample with the highest natural radioactivity).The paper deals with natural radioactivity of metamorphic and igneous rocks and Palaeozoic sediments on the map sheet 14-44 Šternberk. Studied rocks belong to the following geological units: the Desná Group (mainly metagranitoids, blastomylonites, phyllonites), the Úsov Fm. (acid to intermediate and basic metavolcanites and metatuffs), the Stínava-Chabičov Fm. (a volcano-sedimentary complex with a significant proportion of both products of basic volcanism and “keratophyre rocks“), the Ponikev Fm. (carbonate rocks are dominant), the Moravský Beroun Fm. (mainly sandstones or quartzites), the Andělská Hora Fm. and the Horní Benešov Fm. (the last two formations are composed of flysch sediments). Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were measured using a laboratory gamma-ray spectrometer in 1083 rock samples. Data are tabled and discussed. From calculated values of mass activity of 226Ra equivalent it is evident that natural radioactivity of the studied rocks is predominantly low. Slightly increased mass activity values were found in granitoids called “Libina granite” (234 Bq.kg-1 on average) and in “keratophyres” in the Stínava-Chabičov Fm. (239 Bq.kg-1 on average, 694 Bq.kg-1 in the sample with the highest natural radioactivity)

The relationship between the natural radioactivity of rocks and soils formed on them – the basic problem of the interpretation of data gathered by airborne and field gamma-ray spectrometry

The objective of this study was to assess the amount of natural radionuclides in fresh parent rocks and their effect on natural radioactivity of soils developed from them. Forty-five fresh rocks consisting mainly of granitoids, syenitoids, acid to basic metavolcanites, mica schists, gneisses, quartzites, serpentinites, sandstones, graywackes, and limestones and their corresponding overlying soils were sampled for laboratory gamma-ray spectrometric analysis. Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were converted to mass activity of 226Ra equivalent (am) and terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate (D). Data are tabled and discussed. The highest am values occured in syenitoids (386–441 Bq·kg-1) followed by granitoids, mica schists, greywackes and gneisses, whereas the lowest am values were found in quartzose sandstones (15–36 Bq·kg-1) followed by limestones (less than 15 Bq·kg-1) and serpentinites (less than 6 Bq·kg-1). The natural radioactivity of soils is usually slightly lower than that of parent rocks due to the lower content of potassium, uranium and thorium in soils. This is typical for granitoids, syenitoids and rocks of similar mineralogical composition. In soils developed on granitoids and syenitoids were found increased concentrations of all three elements in the grain size fraction below 0.063 mm. Soils developed on rocks with low natural radioactivity (such as limestones and serpentinites) tend to have significantly higher natural radioactivity than their parent rocks. This may complicate the interpretation of data obtained by airborne gamma-ray spectrometry.The objective of this study was to assess the amount of natural radionuclides in fresh parent rocks and their effect on natural radioactivity of soils developed from them. Forty-five fresh rocks consisting mainly of granitoids, syenitoids, acid to basic metavolcanites, mica schists, gneisses, quartzites, serpentinites, sandstones, graywackes, and limestones and their corresponding overlying soils were sampled for laboratory gamma-ray spectrometric analysis. Contents of potassium, uranium and thorium were converted to mass activity of 226Ra equivalent (am) and terrestrial gamma radiation dose rate (D). Data are tabled and discussed. The highest am values occured in syenitoids (386–441 Bq·kg-1) followed by granitoids, mica schists, greywackes and gneisses, whereas the lowest am values were found in quartzose sandstones (15–36 Bq·kg-1) followed by limestones (less than 15 Bq·kg-1) and serpentinites (less than 6 Bq·kg-1). The natural radioactivity of soils is usually slightly lower than that of parent rocks due to the lower content of potassium, uranium and thorium in soils. This is typical for granitoids, syenitoids and rocks of similar mineralogical composition. In soils developed on granitoids and syenitoids were found increased concentrations of all three elements in the grain size fraction below 0.063 mm. Soils developed on rocks with low natural radioactivity (such as limestones and serpentinites) tend to have significantly higher natural radioactivity than their parent rocks. This may complicate the interpretation of data obtained by airborne gamma-ray spectrometry

Mineralogy of iron ores from the Řídeč deposit in the southern part of the Šternberk-Horní Benešov belt (Moravian-Silesian Unit, Bohemian Massif)

The Řídeč iron ore deposit of the Lahn-Dill type is located in the southernmost part of the Šternberk-Horní Benešov belt. The Jiří-Hugo Mine near Řídeč was in operation to 1947. Basic volcanites form the immediate footwall of an iron ore horizon which is covered with clastic sediments. All iron ore samples found on a heap at the Jiří-Hugo Mine represent one variety of ore: stilpnomelane ore with variable amounts of magnetite and calcite. The ore exhibits a banded structure – it consists of repeated, thin bands composed of black stilpnomelane scales and fine-grained magnetite, alternating with thin bands of calcite. Chamosite, siderite and ankerite are present in small amounts in some samples. Sulphides (pyrite, less abundant chalcopyrite, sporadically sphalerite) occur as disseminations in the ore. Chromite inclusions were found in magnetite. Hydrothermal veins are composed mainly of quartz, calcite, chamosite and stilpnomelane penetrate iron ore.High-grade stilpnomelane-magnetite ores poor in calcite contain 51–56 wt. % of iron. Therefore, they are one of the richest iron-ore varieties mined at deposits of the Lahn-Dill type in the Šternberk-Horní Benešov belt and in the Vrbno Group.The Řídeč iron ore deposit of the Lahn-Dill type is located in the southernmost part of the Šternberk-Horní Benešov belt. The Jiří-Hugo Mine near Řídeč was in operation to 1947. Basic volcanites form the immediate footwall of an iron ore horizon which is covered with clastic sediments. All iron ore samples found on a heap at the Jiří-Hugo Mine represent one variety of ore: stilpnomelane ore with variable amounts of magnetite and calcite. The ore exhibits a banded structure – it consists of repeated, thin bands composed of black stilpnomelane scales and fine-grained magnetite, alternating with thin bands of calcite. Chamosite, siderite and ankerite are present in small amounts in some samples. Sulphides (pyrite, less abundant chalcopyrite, sporadically sphalerite) occur as disseminations in the ore. Chromite inclusions were found in magnetite. Hydrothermal veins are composed mainly of quartz, calcite, chamosite and stilpnomelane penetrate iron ore.High-grade stilpnomelane-magnetite ores poor in calcite contain 51–56 wt. % of iron. Therefore, they are one of the richest iron-ore varieties mined at deposits of the Lahn-Dill type in the Šternberk-Horní Benešov belt and in the Vrbno Group

Biotitická plagioklasová rula z Koutů nad Desnou a Rejhotic (vrbenská skupina v zóně Červenohorského sedla): nové mineralogické údaje

The paper deals with metamorphic rocks of the Vrbno Group in the Červenohorské sedlo Zone near the Kouty nad Desnou village (north-eastern part of the Bohemian Massif). The studied rocks are named simply as biotite plagioclase gneiss in geological maps. Research has shown that most of the rocks in the area correspond to the graphite-bearing staurolite-biotite plagioclase gneiss. This gneiss merges into mica schist with the same mineral association but with a higher content of biotite. Plagioclase is a major and sometimes even dominant constituent of the rocks. Its composition varies from An39 to An84. Accessory minerals include ilmenite, apatite-(CaF), less often zircon, tourmaline (dravite), garnet (almandine), pyrite, and chalcopyrite. In the mentioned rocks, thin graphite-bearing chlorite plagioclase gneiss intercalations were found. Plagioclase has an extremely high basicity (An88-91). It is obvious from the chemical and mineral composition of the studied rocks that their protolith had to be rich in iron, aluminum and calcium. Clay rocks can be assumed as protolith. The origin of clay sediments or clay residue was possibly linked to the weathering of basic volcanism products