Comparative Analysis of Bacterial Communities Associated with Healthy and Inflamed Peri-implant Tissues

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Dental implants are used to restore dentition defects. However, despite the high efficiency of the method of placing dental implants, their integration can be accompanied by peri-implant diseases (peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis), which are inflammatory reactions induced by the bacterial activity. In the present pilot study, we described and compared the bacterial communities associated with healthy and inflamed peri-implant mucosal tissues using 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing approach. It was revealed that various representatives of the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, and Proteobacteria were found at significant levels in healthy and peri-implant mucositis sites but in different proportions. Furthermore, it was shown that the genus Fusobacterium was the only group present in higher proportions on inflamed tissues than on healthy tissues surrounding dental implants of all patients. In addition, unclassified Methylobacteriaceae and the genus Veillonella as well as some other phylotypes were present at higher levels in peri-implant mucositis sites of some patients. This study indicates that several microbial agents may play important roles during the development of oral peri-implant diseases

A combination of three muramyl peptides derived from gramnegative bacteria in immunotherapy of chronic pyodermia

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a standardized combination of three muramyl peptides containing a residue of meso-diaminopimelic acid (Polymuramyl), as well as effects of this immunomodulator on the lymphocyte subpopulation profile, function of circulating neutrophils, and concentrations of serum immunoglobulins in the patients with chronic recurrent pyoderma. Thirty-five men (34.5±10 years) with exacerbation of chronic pyoderma (osteofolliculitis, folliculitis, sycosis, furunculosis) were randomized into two groups matched by age and clinical manifestations of the disease. In the comparison group (n = 17), the patients received standard treatment. In the main group (n = 18), in addition to the same standard treatment, the patients received intramuscular injections of Polymuramyl at a dose of 200 mg daily from day 1 to 5 of the study. The overall assessment of the treatment efficacy was performed on the day 14, and at 1 and 6 months of observations. Induction and maintenance of complete clinical remission were assessed as “significant improvement”; induction and maintenance of partial remission were considered to be “improvement”; persistent signs of skin inflammation and lack of remission were assessed as “lack of effect”. Immunological parameters were studied on days 0 and 14, and then at 1 and 6 months of the study. Addition of Polymuramyl to the standard treatment caused a marked tendency towards increased proportion of the patients with «significant improvement» or «improvement» on the day 14: total ratio of the patients with any clinical improvement was 24% higher, and the relative number of the patients with "lack of effect" was five-fold lower than in the comparison group (p=0.076). A trend towards improved clinical efficacy, according to the above criteria, was maintained after 1 and 6 months of the study. At 6 months of the follow-up, the proportion of patients without pustules/furuncles in the main group (9 out of 18) exceeded that in the comparison group (3/17, p = 0.047). Significant inter-group differences and dynamics of indicators of neutrophil functions, subpopulation composition of lymphocytes and concentrations of immunoglobulins in serum were not detected. However, in the main group after the 6-month observation, there was an upward trend in the absolute number of T-cells due to CD3+CD4+ subpopulation, as well as serum IgA concentration. The results of this study are in accordance with previously published data, thus indicating the ability of Polymuramyl to accelerate regression of clinical manifestations of chronic pyoderma and induce sustained remission of this disease. At the same time, the design of present investigation and the timing of taking biological samples for laboratory tests did not allow to register significant changes in most of the studied systemic immunological parameters under the influence of immunomodulator, except for the previously described modulation at the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

Polymorphism and thermodynamic properties of chloro(cyclopentadienyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) complex

© 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. A new crystalline polymorph of known chloro(cyclopentadienyl)bis(triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II) complex [RuCl(PPh3)2(η5-C5H5)] was obtained and characterized by various analytical methods including single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in combination with thermo-gravimetric analysis (TG-DSC). The obtained crystals of new polymorph are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 11.125(4), b = 19.184(6), c = 15.946(5) Å, α = 90, β = 100.174(5), γ = 90, and Z = 4. It has been found that real melting point of the complex (M.p. = 252-253 °C) can be determined only in inert atmosphere while an apparent melting is observed in the range 142-150 °C due oxygen promoted oxidative dissociation of triphenylphosphine ligand

Development of Immuno-Enzymatic Monoclonal Tests-Systems for the Detection of Glanders and Melioidosis Agents

Objective of the study was the development of immune-enzymatic monoclonal test-kit for detecting glanders and melioidosis agents. Materials and methods. We used microbial cultures and hybrid cell lines obtained from the collection of the «48th Central Research Institute» of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Hybridoma cells were incubated in the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice. Preparations of glanders and melioidosis monoclonal antibodies were isolated from the ascetic fluids through precipitation with ammonium sulfate and purification by means of ion-exchange chromatography. Specific components of the test-kits were subjected to freeze drying in corresponding protective media. Study of diagnostic properties of the developed test systems was performed using ELISA. Results and conclusions. We have obtained preparations of monoclonal antibodies in vivo, as well as isolated and purified immunoglobulins from ascetic fluids. We also selected the pairs of monoclonal antibodies for manufacturing specific components. Experimental series of immune-enzymatic monoclonal test-systems allowing for specific detection of glanders and melioidosis causative agents in concentrations ranging from 0.5·106 CFU/ml and higher were made. The absence of cross-reactivity with closely related saprophytes and heterologous microorganisms in concentrations of 1,0·108 CFU/ml was shown. Demonstrated was the possibility in principle to differentiate between Burkholderia malleiand Burkholderia pseudomallei using ELISA. Test systems are promising for follow up state registration as medical products for in vitro diagnostics

Mediators and biomarkers of inflammation in meningitis: Cytokine and peptidome profiling of cerebrospinal fluid

© 2016, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.Differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral meningitis is an urgent problem of the modern clinical medicine. Early and accurate detection of meningitis etiology largely determines the strategy of its treatment and significantly increases the likelihood of a favorable outcome for the patient. In the present work, we analyzed the peptidome and cytokine profiles of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 17 patients with meningitis of bacterial and viral etiology and of 20 neurologically healthy controls. In addition to the identified peptides (potential biomarkers), we found significant differences in the cytokine status of the CSF of the patients. We found that cut-off of 100 pg/ml of IL-1β, TNF, and GM-CSF levels discriminates bacterial and viral meningitis with 100% specificity and selectivity. We demonstrated for the first time the reduction in the level of two cytokines, IL-13 and GM-CSF, in the CSF of patients with viral meningitis in comparison with the controls. The decrease in GM-CSF level in the CSF of patients with viral meningitis can be explained by a disproportionate increase in the levels of cytokines IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-4, which inhibit the GM-CSF expression, whereas IL-1, IL-6, and TNF activate it. These observations suggest an additional approach for differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral meningitis based on the normalized ratio IL-10/IL-1β and IL-10/TNF > 1, as well as on the ratio IFN-γ/IL-1β and IFN-γ/ TNF < 0.1. Our findings extend the panel of promising clinical and diagnostic biomarkers of viral and bacterial meningitis and reveal opposite changes in the cytokine expression in meningitis due to compensatory action of proand antiinflammatory factors

Changes structural indicators of the skin and effects biorevitalization

Objective: То study how biorevitalisation can influence on the skin quality. It was used preparation which consist of hyaluronic acid and also trehalose. There are 20 patients who took part in this research: women, whose average age was 52 ± 7,54 years. Once were injected skin of the face, neck and skin behind the right ear. Before and after 1,5 months was taken skin biopsy behind the right ear by punch-biopsy. Was researched: the thickness of epidermis, the thickness of (сосочкового и сетчатого) layers of the dermis, the diameter of the (клубочков) and outlet ducts of the sweat glands, the identification number of the total and mature collagen, collagen types I and III, the young collagen, number of the elastin.Цель: исследование влияния биоревитализации на состояние кожного покрова. Использован препарат, в состав которого входят гиалуроновая кислота и трегалоза. В исследовании принимали участие 20 женщин, средний возраст - 52+7,54 года. Воздействию препаратом подвергалась кожа лица, шеи и заушной области справа. До процедуры и через 1,5 месяца после производилась биопсия кожи в заушной области методом рипсЬ-биопсии. В биопсийном материале исследовались: толщина эпидермиса, сосочкового и сетчатого слоев дермы, диаметр клубочков и выводных протоков потовых желез, объемная плотность общего, молодого и зрелого коллагенов, коллагенов I и III типов, эластина. Обнаружено, что процедура биоревитализации выбранным препаратом оказывала на кожу благоприятное воздействие. Наблюдалось увеличение толщины эпидермиса, уплотнение дермы, увеличение процентного содержания зрелого коллагена, коллагенов I и III типов, молодого коллагена, процентного содержания эластина

Assessment of the immune status of women after ablative fractional laser photothermolysis procedure for the correct of involutional facial skin changes

The aim of the work was to evaluate in dynamics the response of the immune system to the A-FLPh procedure performed for correction of age-associated facial skin changes.Цель работы – оценить в динамике реакцию иммунной системы на процедуру А-ФЛФ, проведенную для коррекции возраст-ассоциированных изменений кожи лица

A Novel Microwave Sensor to Detect Specific Biomarkers in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid and Their Relationship to Cellular Ischemia During Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Thoraco-abdominal aneurysms (TAAA) represents a particularly lethal vascular disease that without surgical repair carries a dismal prognosis. However, there is an inherent risk from surgical repair of spinal cord ischaemia that can result in paraplegia. One method of reducing this risk is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage. We believe that the CSF contains clinically significant biomarkers that can indicate impending spinal cord ischaemia. This work therefore presents a novel measurement method for proteins, namely albumin, as a precursor to further work in this area. The work uses an interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensor and shows that it is capable of detecting various concentrations of albumin (from 0 to 100 g/L) with a high degree of repeatability at 200 MHz (R2 = 0.991) and 4 GHz (R2 = 0.975)

Estradiol inhibits the effects of extracellular ATP in human sperm by a non genomic mechanism of action

Steroid hormones, beside their classical genomic mechanism of action, exert rapid, non genomic effects in different cell types. These effects are mediated by still poorly characterized plasma membrane receptors that appear to be distinct from the classic intracellular receptors. In the present study we evaluated the non genomic effects of estradiol (17βE2) in human sperm and its effects on sperm stimulation by extracellular ATP, a potent activator of sperm acrosome reaction. In human sperm 17βE2 induced a rapid increase of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentrations dependent on an influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium. The monitoring of the plasma membrane potential variations induced by 17βE2 showed that this steroid induces a rapid plasma membrane hyperpolarization that was dependent on the presence of Ca2+ in the extracellular medium since it was absent in Ca2+ free-medium. When sperm were pre-incubated in the presence of the K+ channel inhibitor tetra-ethylammonium, the 17βE2 induced plasma membrane hyperpolarization was blunted suggesting the involvement of K+ channels in the hyperpolarizing effects of 17βE2. Extracellular ATP induced a rapid plasma membrane depolarization followed by acrosome reaction. Sperm pre-incubation with 17βE2 inhibited the effects of extracellular ATP on sperm plasma membrane potential variations and acrosome reaction. The effects of 17βE2 were specific since its inactive steroisomer 17αE2 was inactive. Furthermore the effects of 17βE2 were not inhibited by tamoxifen, an antagonist of the classic 17βE2 intracellular receptor