Biological Activity of Hydrophilic Extract of Chlorella vulgaris Grown on Post-Fermentation Leachate from a Biogas Plant Supplied with Stillage and Maize Silage

Algae are employed commonly in cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals, as well as in feed production and biorefinery processes. In this study, post-fermentation leachate from a biogas plant which exploits stillage and maize silage was utilized as a culture medium forChlorella vulgaris. The content of polyphenols in hydrophilic extracts of the Chlorella vulgaris biomass was determined, and the extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), antibacterial activity (against Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus plantarum, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and antifungal activity (against Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae). The use of the post-fermentation leachate was not found to affect the biological activity of the microalgae. The aqueous extract of Chlorella vulgaris biomass was also observed to exhibit activity against nematodes. The results of this study suggest that Chlorella vulgaris biomass cultured on post-fermentation leachate from a biogas plant can be successfully employed as a source of natural antioxidants, food supplements, feed, natural antibacterial and antifungal compounds, as well as in natural methods of plant protection

COLD STORAGE-SUPPORTED AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM IN URBAN TRANSPORT VEHICLES

A bottleneck for the development of public transport vehicles is their electricity supply. Electric buses are almost exclusively equipped with electrochemical batteries, while nearly 40% of the energy is used in the processes of air conditioning. For this reason, we developed and built a demonstration system for storing thermal energy in public transport vehicles. The most important effects are: significant reduction of financial expenses and of the total weight of all batteries with the same amount of stored energy

FGC3.2: A New Generation of Embedded Controls Computer for Power Converters at CERN

Modern power converters (power supplies) at CERN are controlled by devices known as Function Generator/Controllers (FGCs), which are embedded computer systems providing function generation, current and field regulation, and state control. FGCs were originally conceived for the LHC in the early 2000s, though later generations are now increasingly being deployed in the accelerators in the LHC Injector Chain (Linac4, Booster, Proton Synchrotron and SPS) to replace obsolete equipment. A new generation of FGC known as the FGC3.2 is currently in development, which will provide for the evolving needs of the CERN accelerator complex and additionally be supplied to other HEP laboratories through CERN’s Knowledge and Technology Transfer program. This paper describes the evolution of FGCs, summarizes tests performed to evaluate candidate components for the FGC3.2 and details the final hardware and software architectures which were chosen. The new controller will make use of a multi-core ARM-based system-on-chip (SoC) running an embedded Linux operating system in contrast to earlier generations which combined a microcontroller and DSP with software running on ’bare metal’

The Fatty Acid Profile and Oxidative Stability of Meat from Turkeys Fed Diets Enriched with n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Dried Fruit Pomaces as a Source of Polyphenols.

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of different dietary fruit pomaces in reducing lipid oxidation in the meat of turkeys fed diets with a high content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Over a period of 4 weeks before slaughter, turkeys were fed diets with the addition of 5% dried apple, blackcurrant, strawberry and seedless strawberry pomaces (groups AP, BP, SP and SSP, respectively) and 2.5% linseed oil. Pomaces differed in the content (from 5.5 in AP to 43.1 mg/g in SSP) and composition of polyphenols Proanthocyanidins were the main polyphenolic fraction in all pomaces, AP contained flavone glycosides and dihydrochalcones, BP contained anthocyanins, and SP and SSP-ellagitannins. The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in all diets was comparable and lower than 2:1. In comparison with groups C and AP, the percentage of n-3 PUFAs in the total fatty acid pool of white meat from the breast muscles of turkeys in groups BP, SP and SSP was significantly higher, proportionally to the higher content of α-linolenic acid in berry pomaces. The fatty acid profile of dark meat from thigh muscles, including the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, was similar and lower than 3:1 in all groups. Vitamin A levels in raw breast muscles were higher in group AP than in groups C and BP (P<0.05). The addition of fruit pomaces to turkey diets lowered vitamin E concentrations (P = 0.001) in raw breast muscles relative to group C. Diets supplemented with fruit pomaces significantly lowered the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in raw, frozen and cooked meat. Our results indicate that the dietary application of dried fruit pomaces increases the oxidative stability of meat from turkeys fed linseed oil, and strawberry pomace exerted the most desirable effects due to its highest polyphenol content and antioxidant potential

The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of diets containing cellulose or various fruit pomaces.

<p>The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of diets containing cellulose or various fruit pomaces.</p

Fatty acid profile of turkey thigh muscles, % of total fatty acids.

<p>Fatty acid profile of turkey thigh muscles, % of total fatty acids.</p

The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of diets containing cellulose or various fruit pomaces.

<p>The polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of diets containing cellulose or various fruit pomaces.</p