Pielęgniarska ocena wpływu operacji tarczycy na poziom wapnia u pacjentów po wykonanym zabiegu

Introduction. Thyroid diseases affect about 20% of Poles, the disease is more common in women than in men. About 20,000 procedures of this type are performed in Poland every year. Surgery is a very difficult situation for every patient. Related to this is feeling anxious and anxious. A nurse is a person who has direct and most frequent contact with a patient. It is able to detect any irregularities, which allows for a quick reaction and taking appropriate actions. Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to analyze the difference in calcium levels before and after thyroid surgery. Material and methods. The method of documentation analysis was used to conduct the research. The analyzed medical documentation concerned 100 patients after thyroidectomy . The results were statistically analyzed test x 2 for independent samples. The research material was divided into 5 areas: occurrence of a decrease in calcium after thyroid surgery, accompanying symptoms in the case of a decrease in calcium, occurrence of tetany symptoms after surgery, treatment with calcium preparations after surgery to remove the thyroid gland, and the influence of calcium levels on hospitalization time. Results. In the area of ​​occurrence of a decrease in calcium after thyroid surgery, a significant decrease was observed. In the area of symptoms that occurred during the decrease in calcium, it was noticed that 86% of the operated patients did not experience any symptoms associated with the decrease in calcium. In the analysis of the area of ​​tetany symptoms occurrence after surgery, no postoperative complications occurred among 72% of patients. In the area of treatment with calcium preparations, 25% of people required calcium supplementation after surgery, while 75% did not require calcium supplementation. In terms of the influence of calcium levels on hospitalization time, most of the patients, 74%, were hospitalized for less than 5 days after the surgery.Wstęp. Choroby tarczycy dotyczą około 20% Polaków, częściej schorzenie to występuje u kobiet niż mężczyzn. W skali roku w Polsce wykonuje się około 20 tysięcy zabiegów tego typu. Zabieg operacyjny jest sytuacją bardzo trudną dla każdego pacjenta. Wiąże się z tym odczuwanie lęku i niepokoju. Pielęgniarka to osoba, która ma bezpośredni i najczęstszy kontakt z pacjentem. Jest w stanie wykryć zaistniałe nieprawidłowości, co pozwala na szybką reakcję i podjęcie odpowiednich działań. Cel. Celem badań była analiza różnicy poziomu wapnia przed i po zabiegu operacyjnym tarczycy. Materiał i metody. Do przeprowadzenia badań wykorzystano metodę analizy dokumentacji. Przeanalizowana dokumentacja medyczna dotyczyła 100 pacjentów po tyreoidektomii. Uzyskane wyniki badań poddano analizie statystycznej testem χ2 dla prób niezależnych. Materiał badawczy podzielono na 5 obszarów: występowanie spadku wapnia po zabiegu operacji tarczycy, objawy towarzyszące w przypadku spadku wapnia, występowanie objawów tężyczki po zabiegu operacyjny, leczenie preparatami wapnia po operacji usunięcia tarczycy oraz wpływu poziomu wapnia na czas hospitalizacji. Wyniki. W obszarze występowania spadku wapnia po operacji tarczycy zaobserwowano znaczny spadek. W obszarze objawów jakie pojawiły się podczas spadku wapnia zauważono, że 86% operowanych nie odczuwało żadnych objawów towarzyszących spadkowi wapnia. W analizie obszaru występowania objawów tężyczki po zabiegu wśród 72% pacjentów nie wystąpiły powikłania pooperacyjne. W obszarze leczenie preparatami wapnia 25% osób wymagało suplementacji wapnia po zabiegu operacyjnym, natomiast 75% nie wymagało suplementacji wapnia. W obszarze wpływu poziomu wapnia na czas hospitalizacji większość chorych, bo 74 % była hospitalizowana po zabiegu operacyjnym mniej niż 5 dni

Possibilities in the application of solid lipid nanoparticles in combination with 5-fluorouracil to overcome the drugresistance of non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549

Introduction: Multidrug resistance of non-small cell lung cancer cells is associated with a high percentageof therapeutic failures. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of solid lipid nanoparticles as atransporter of the conventionally used cytostatic (5-fluorouracil) to overcome the resistance of A549 cells.Material and methods: MTT assay was used to assess the differences in viability of cells treated with5-fluorouracil alone or in combination with different types of solid lipid nanoparticles. Type of cell deathand distribution of cell cycle phases were evaluated using flow cytometry.Results: The use of nanoparticles as a 5-fluorouracil transporter reduced the viability of A549 cells to agreater extent than the cytostatic alone. This was mainly due to the increase in apoptosis, but also necrosisand cell cycle arrest.Conclusion: Our results indicate the great potential of nanotechnology in the treatment of non-small celllung cancer. By using nanoparticles, it is possible to sensitise tumour cells to cytostatics to which theyare normally resistant. In addition, literature data confirm the safety of solid lipid nanoparticle application

The influence of house dust extract on normal lung cell Mrc5 and non-small lung carcinoma A549

Introduction. Desensitisation is a therapeutic method of allergic disease treatment, but its impact on the cellular level remains to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of house dust extract on two cell lines types: non-small lung cancer A549 and non-cancerous lung fibroblast Mrc5. Furthermore, we analysed cell viability, type of cell death, and reorganisation of mainly cytoskeletal proteins such as vimentin, F-actin, and b-tubulin. Material and methods. To determine the cell viability, the MTT test was used. The type of cell death was analysed using double staining of annexin V and iodide propidium. The reorganisation of cytoskeletal proteins was evaluated by fluorescent staining and microscopy observation. Results. Our data presented non-statistical differences in a population of live, apoptotic, and necrotic cells. We did not observe significant abnormalities in cytoskeletal reorganisation. Moreover, Mrc5 cell line exhibited a lower sensitivity for house dust extract in comparison to A549 cell line. Conclusions. Our study suggests that desensitisation has no significant influence on survival and cytoskeleton in both cell lines, which correlate with potential use of this method in cancer patients. Obviously, the choice of these kinds of treatment should be used carefully in consultation with a specialist. Additionally, to our knowledge, it was the first presentation of the influence of house dust extract on cells in the context of the main cytoskeletal reorganisations.

Synergistic effect of oxymatrine and 5-fluorouracil on the migratory potential in A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells

Introduction: An interesting research direction is the development of new therapies to reduce metastasis, especially in highly invasive cancer such as lung cancer. One of the commonly used anti-cancer drugs is 5-fluorouracil. Oxymatrine is a natural alkaloid with a wide range of effects. Combined with a cytostatic, it may enhance its action and protect normal cells. Therefore, the study aimed to analyse the effect of oxymatrine and 5-fluorouracil on non-small lung cancer cell line A549. Material and methods: The study was based on the assessment of the interaction between drugs, cell death, cell cycle phase distribution, fluorescent labelling of F-actin and b-catenin, as well as wound healing and transwell migration assay. Results: The combined treatment with oxymatrine and the cytostatic in a 1:1 ratio resulted in synergism. Incubation of cells with both substances induced changes in the life processes of A549 cells. In turn, the reorganization of F-actin and b-catenin contributed to the limitation of lung cancer cell migration compared to individual treatment with compounds. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the combination of oxymatrine and 5-fluorouracil in the 1:1 ratio may limit the migratory potential of A549 cells. In summary, oxymatrine can support the anti-cancer effect of 5-fluorouracil, but its potential application should be examined in further studies

The effect of sanguinarine on the RPMI-7951 and A375 melanoma cell lines

Background: Considering the resistance of melanoma to standard treatment protocols, the possibility of metastasis and the high mortality risk, the selection of new alternatives seems to be necessary. Compounds of natural origin are a promising option in anti-cancer therapy. One of them — sanguinarine has a wide spectrum of pro-health properties. Thus, the study aimed to assess the effect of the alkaloid on selected melanoma cellular models. Material and methods: Two types of melanoma cell lines were used in the study — A375 and RPMI-7951. The cells were treated with sanguinarine at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 2 μM for 24 and 48 h. The influence of the alkaloid on such processes as cell death, cell cycle, organization of the main cytoskeletal proteins and migration potential was assessed. In addition, the sensitivity of selected cell lines to sanguinarine was evaluated based on the MTT assay. Results: The results showed that sanguinarine caused a dose-dependent decrease in cell survival compared to the untreated control. Further studies confirmed that it resulted from the pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative action of the alkaloid. There were also significant changes in the organization of cytoskeletal proteins and the number of cells visible after fluorescent labelling. Moreover, in A375 cells, characteristics of entosis and mitotic catastrophe were noted. Sanguinarine-induced impaired cell migration was also confirmed. Conclusion: According to the authors’ knowledge, they are the first to present the influence of sanguinarine on the basic life processes of the RPMI-7951 cell line and supplement the knowledge regarding the A375 melanoma cells. The present results confirm the anticancer properties of the alkaloid (cytotoxicity, anti-migratory and pro-apoptotic effect)

Effect of combined action of doxorubicin and calcifediol on MCF-7 breast cancer cells

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Current recommendations for combination therapy in patients with breast cancer are still being developed and new therapies with greater success are sought. A relatively new approach is the administration of cytostatics in combination with vitamins. Hence, the study aimed to clarify whether the combination of calcifediol [25(OH)D3] with doxorubicin affects the response of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line to the cytostatic. Material and methods: In the MCF-7 cell line, the authors assessed cytotoxicity using the MTT assay, analysed the cell cycle and cell death mechanism using flow cytometry, and examined the structure of the cytoskeleton and cell morphology. Results: The results showed that doxorubicin in combination with calcifediol in a 1:1 ratio showed a synergistic effect resulting in a dose-dependent decrease in cell survival. Further studies have shown that this is due to the pro-apoptotic and necrotic effects of the combination of these compounds. There were also changes in the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell morphology. In addition, features of entosis were noted in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion: The synergistic effect of doxorubicin and calcifediol significantly reduced the viability of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Inducing the desired effect by lowering the cytostatic dose is of great clinical importance, taking into account the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. Another very interesting aspect is the entosis process induced in the present research, which may have a dual nature

Migration – Kommunikation – Transfer (Volume 1, Edition 1)

Der Band behandelt Fragen des gegenseitigen Austauschs sowie ethnischer, kultureller und religiöser Verflechtungen der mitteleuropäischen Länder und ihrer Bevölkerung. In zwölf Beiträgen von Archäologen und Historikern der Nikolaus-Kopernikus-Universität Torun spiegelt sich die Komplexität und Vielschichtigkeit dieser Problematik. Damit bilden sie den Auftakt einer neuen Schriftenreihe, die als ein Forum für den Austausch über die neueste wissenschaftliche Forschung zur Geschichte Polens im weit verstandenen mitteleuropäischen Kontext dient. In den jährlich erscheinenden Bänden werden komplexe Themen der Geschichte untersucht. This volume not only focusses on issues on mutual exchange but also on ethnic, cultural and religious ties of the Middle European countries and their citizens. The twelve contributions of archaeologists and historians from the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń reflect the complexity of this issue. The authors therefore kick off a new series of journals which serve as a forum for the exchange on recent research on the history of Poland in the wider sense of the Middle European context. The annually published volume will analyse complex subjects of history

The Role of Actin Dynamics and Actin-Binding Proteins Expression in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Its Association with Cancer Progression and Evaluation of Possible Therapeutic Targets

Metastasis causes death of 90% of cancer patients, so it is the most significant issue associated with cancer disease. Thus, it is no surprise that many researchers are trying to develop drugs targeting or preventing them. The secondary tumour site formation is closely related to phenomena like epithelial-to-mesenchymal and its reverse, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. The change of the cells’ phenotype to mesenchymal involves the acquisition of migratory potential. Cancer cells movement is possible due to the development of invasive structures like invadopodia, lamellipodia, and filopodia. These changes are dependent on the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. In turn, the polymerization and depolymerization of actin are controlled by actin-binding proteins. In many tumour cells, the actin and actin-associated proteins are accumulated in the cell nucleus, suggesting that it may also affect the progression of cancer by regulating gene expression. Once the cancer cell reaches a new habitat it again acquires epithelial features and thus proliferative activity. Targeting of epithelial-to-mesenchymal or/and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transitions through regulation of their main components expression may be a potential solution to the problem of metastasis. This work focuses on the role of these processes in tumour progression and the assessment of therapeutic potential of agents targeting them

The Role of TRPM2 in Endothelial Function and Dysfunction

The transient receptor potential (TRP) melastatin-like subfamily member 2 (TRPM2) is a non-selective calcium-permeable cation channel. It is expressed by many mammalian tissues, including bone marrow, spleen, lungs, heart, liver, neutrophils, and endothelial cells. The best-known mechanism of TRPM2 activation is related to the binding of ADP-ribose to the nudix-box sequence motif (NUDT9-H) in the C-terminal domain of the channel. In cells, the production of ADP-ribose is a result of increased oxidative stress. In the context of endothelial function, TRPM2-dependent calcium influx seems to be particularly interesting as it participates in the regulation of barrier function, cell death, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Any impairments of these functions may result in endothelial dysfunction observed in such conditions as atherosclerosis or hypertension. Thus, TRPM2 seems to be an attractive therapeutic target for the conditions connected with the increased production of reactive oxygen species. However, before the application of TRPM2 inhibitors will be possible, some issues need to be resolved. The main issues are the lack of specificity, poor membrane permeabilization, and low stability in in vivo conditions. The article aims to summarize the latest findings on a role of TRPM2 in endothelial cells. We also show some future perspectives for the application of TRPM2 inhibitors in cardiovascular system diseases

Innovative methods of biofilm treatment in chronic wounds

One of the modern methods of treatment of wounds covered by a biofilm is bacteriophage therapy. Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria. Phages have a very strong bactericidal effect and can replicate at the site of the infection. They spread in the biofilm, and have the capacity for enzymatic degradation of the polymeric matrix material. Phage therapy has a high level of security and efficacy against resistant bacteria. Results of clinical studies with probiotic bacteria have shown effectiveness similar to antiseptics. Probiotic bacteria or substances produced by these bacteria may be an effective means in the fight against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. An innovative method of fighting bacterial biofilm is also the use of metal nanoparticles (NPs). Preliminary studies have shown beneficial effects of NPs in reducing the biofilm layer. New therapies will rapidly and effectively treat chronic wounds and reduce the cost of care for chronic ulcers