On the identity and systematic placement of Onthophagus viriditinctus Reitter, 1892 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini)

A re-description and new records of Onthophagus viriditinctus Reitter, 1892 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini), an uncommon species from Iran, are provided. The taxonomic position and some nomenclatural problems are discussed. The placement in the subgenus Exonthophagus Kabakov, 2006 is proposed. Images of the male, female, aedeagus and drawings of lamella copulatrix of Onthophagus viriditinctus and Onthophagus haroldi Ballion, 1871, the only other species included in the subgenus, are supplied. A key for distinguishing the two species is provided

Taxonomic notes on Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) lemuroides d’Orbigny, 1898 and O. (P.) fortigibber Reitter, 1909 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini)

The taxonomic position of Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) lemuroides d’Orbigny, 1898 and Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) fortigibber Reitter, 1909 is discussed (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini). A key to the species is given. Photos of type specimens of the two taxa and significant chromatic varieties, and drawings of aedeagi are presented

Subsequent spelling \u3ci\u3ecavolinii\u3c/i\u3e for \u3ci\u3eScarabaeus cavolini\u3c/i\u3e Petagna, 1792 (currently \u3ci\u3eCopris hispanus cavolinii\u3c/i\u3e) to be maintained as prevailing usage (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae: Coprini)

The specific name in Scarabaeus cavolinii Petagna, 1792 (currently Copris hispanus ssp. cavolinii) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Coprini) is an incorrect subsequent spelling—the original spelling is cavolini—but, because of its prevailing usage here documented, is to be preserved. In 1792, Petagna described Scarabaeus cavolini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) as a tribute to the famous Italian biologist Filippo Cavolini (1756–1810), whose Latinized name was Philippus Cavolinus (Petagna 1785; Smith 1804). To dedicate the new species to him, Petagna (1792) declined the name to the genitive singular case of the second Latin declension, which is Cavolini. The original spelling “cavolini” was maintained until Balthasar (1963) who used the incorrect spelling “cavolinii”, without an explicit statement of intention. Oddly enough, Balthasar (1963) spelled the name “cavolinii” in the index of his book, whereas in the text he used the original spelling “cavolini”. Also, Dellacasa (1968) used the subsequent spelling “cavolinii”, stating that since the species was dedicated to Filippo Cavolini, the name had to end with the double “i”. Since then, the spelling “cavolinii” has been used by the most authors dealing with the subject. Very recently, Zidek (2020) used “cavolini” because “prevailing usage of the subsequent spelling cavolinii has not been officially demonstrated”. Zidek (2020) is right, and in this paper the prevailing usage of the spelling “cavolinii” is presented

Studies on Palaearctic \u3ci\u3eOnthophagus\u3c/i\u3e associated with burrows of small mammals. V. A new species of the semicornis group from south-central Iran (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini)

A new Iranian, probably pholeophilous species of the scarabaeine genus Onthophagus Latreille, 1802, O. roessneri n. sp., is described, illustrated, and its placement in the semicornis group within the subgenus Palaeonthophagus Zunino, 1979 is discussed. A key to the species of the group is presented

A revision of the Aphodiini genus Cnemargulus Semenov, 1903 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae)

The aphodiine genus Cnemargulus Semenov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae) is revised. Two species are recognized as belonging to the genus. A new synonymy (C. krulikovskyi Semenov vs C. pusio Semenov) is proposed. A new country record for Iran is given. Lastly, a key to species is provided

A revision of the Aphodiini genus Cnemargulus Semenov, 1903 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae)

The aphodiine genus Cnemargulus Semenov (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea: Scarabaeidae) is revised. Two species are recognized as belonging to the genus. A new synonymy (C. krulikovskyi Semenov vs C. pusio Semenov) is proposed. A new country record for Iran is given. Lastly, a key to species is provided

Per un censimento delle traduzioni in italiano nell’Ottocento. Risultati di uno spoglio del CLIO relativo al periodo 1880-1889

Studies in the history and criticism of translation in Italy have not been complemented by a systematic analysis of works translated in the 1800s; however, the availability of bibliographical surveys is a prerequisite for compiling corpora suitable for analysing a large amount of homogeneous documents, especially when the aim is to study the specific features of translated Italian. This gap is even more surprising as the 19th century marks a turning point in translation practice, with the technological progress in the publishing sector helping to meet the needs of the booming cultural market and establishing the novel as the dominant literary genre in Europe. Furthermore, this trend proceeded in parallel with Italy’s difficult transition towards political, linguistic and cultural unity. This article illustrates the preliminary results of a survey conducted on the Catalogo dei libri italiani dell’Ottocento (CLIO) for the 1880-1889 period. The distribution of translations was assessed in terms of language pairs, geographical circulation and genres. Although data need to be cross-checked with other bibliographical data banks and additional surveys in individual libraries, this approach may be implemented to investigate different aspects of translation practice in the 1800s

Third contribution to the knowledge of Arabian Onthophagini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). \u3ci\u3eOnthophagus aeneopiceus\u3c/i\u3e d’Orbigny, 1902, a new record for Yemen and for the Palaearctic ecozone

Onthophagus aeneopiceus d’Orbigny, 1902 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophag­ini) is recorded for the first time for Yemen and for the Palaearctic region. An integration into the key to the Onthophagini from the Arabian Peninsula (Ziani et al. 2019), is provided. After Ziani et al. (2019) and Montanaro and Ziani (2022), 30 Onthophagini species were known from the Arabian Peninsula. In this paper a 31st species is recorded: Onthophagus aeneopiceus d’Orbigny, 1902. The species, belong­ing to the 23rd group of d’Orbigny (1913) and until now known from Eastern Africa and, dubitatively, Ivory Coast (Schoolmeesters 2022), has been collected in Yemen. This is also the first record for the Palaearctic ecozone, sensu Löbl and Löbl (2016). Because of the internal sac morphology, especially that of the lamella copulatrix (Fig. 4), O. aeneopiceus can be compared with Onthophagus mopsus (Fabricius, 1792), an eastern Palaearctic and Oriental taxon, type-spe­cies of the subgenus Indonthophagus Kabakov, 2006. Waiting for further studies on the matter (work in progress), we prefer, however, not to insert O. aeneopiceus into any known subgenus or group of Onthophagus

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Is Not Able to Identify Vulnerable Plaques in Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease

OBJECTIVES: Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been suggested as an imaging tool for detection of asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease (ACAD) at high risk of cerebral embolisation. The objective of this study was to evaluate CEUS and immunohistochemical (IHC) patterns in ACAD (i.e., without any neurologic symptoms in the last 6 months) and their correlations with histology. METHODS: CEUS analysis was classified on a semiquantitative basis using a three-point classification scale. Plaque morphology was assessed using the American Heart Association (AHA) classification of atherosclerotic plaques, then accordingly assigned as non-vulnerable (AHA Type IV/V) or vulnerable (AHA Type VI). IHC analysis for intra-plaque neo-angiogenesis (IPN) was identified by CD34/VEGF immunostaining and classified on a semiquantitative basis using a four-point classification scale. Both CEUS and IHC analyses were performed and scored by single observers. RESULTS: Fifty-eight consecutive asymptomatic patients (mean age 73 years, 33 males) undergoing carotid endarterectomy were included in the final analysis. Nineteen had AHA Class IV/V plaques, and the remaining 39 had AHA Class VI plaques. There were two main findings of the study: (a) histologically proven vulnerable plaques compared with histologically proven non-vulnerable plaques had denser IPN (p = .004), but did not show more pronounced contrast enhancement; (b) the correlation between IHC analysis and CEUS analysis was significant for both vulnerable and non-vulnerable plaques (p = .04 and p = .01, respectively), but it was direct for AHA Type IV/V plaques and inverse for AHA Type VI plaques. CONCLUSIONS: The main findings of the study were that histologically proven vulnerable plaques (i.e., AHA Class VI) as compared with histologically proven non-vulnerable plaques (i.e., AHA Class IV/V) had denser neo-vascularisation, but not more pronounced contrast enhancement

Functionally richer communities improve ecosystem functioning: Dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in the Western Palaearctic

Aim: In several ecosystems, the diversity of functional species traits has been shown to have a stronger effect on ecosystem functioning than taxonomic diversity alone. However, few studies have explored this idea at a large geographical scale. In a multisite experiment, we unravelled the relationship between ecosystem function and functional completeness of species assemblages using dung beetles as a model group, focusing on dung removal and secondary seed dispersal. Location: Seventeen grassland locations across the Western Palaearctic. Methods: We used a randomized block design with different exclosure types to control the dung and seed removing activities of individual functional groups of the local dung beetle assemblage. We classified dung beetle species according to resource specialization and into functional groups based on dung processing behaviour (dwellers, tunnellers, rollers) and body size (small, large). Additionally, we assessed the role of other soil macro‐invertebrates. By sampling the dung beetle community and measuring the remaining dung and seeds after the experiment, the impact of each functional group was estimated. Results: Dung beetle assemblages differed along a north–south and east–west gradient. Dwellers dominated northernmost sites, whereas at lower latitudes we observed more tunnellers and rollers indicating a functional shift. Resource specialists were more abundant in southern and eastern areas. Overall, functional group diversity enhanced dung removal. More dung (+46.9%) and seeds (+32.1%) were removed in the southern sites and tunnellers and rollers were more effective. At the northernmost sites, where tunnellers were scarce or absent, other soil macro‐invertebrates removed the majority of dung. Main conclusions: The conservation of functionally complete dung beetle assemblages is crucial to maintain the ecosystem functions provided by dung beetles. Given the latitudinal variation in functional group diversity, it is reasonable to expect compositional changes due to climate change. These changes could lead to increased dung removal and a higher secondary seed dispersal rate in northern regions