485 research outputs found
Graphene under the influence of Aharonov-Bohm flux and constant magnetic field
Investigation of real two-dimensional systems with Dirac-like electronic
behavior under the influence of magnetic field is challenging and leads to many
interesting physical results. In this paper we study 2D graphene model with a
particular form of magnetic field as a superposition of a homogeneous field and
an Aharonov-Bohm vortex. For this configuration, electronic wave functions and
energy spectrum were obtained and it was shown that the magnetic Aharonov-Bohm
vortex plays the role of a charge impurity. As a demonstration of vacuum
properties of the system, vacuum current, as well as an electric current, is
calculated and their representation for particular limiting cases of magnetic
field is obtained
Dynamical Fermion Masses Under the Influence of Kaluza-Klein Fermions and a Bulk Abelian Gauge Field
The dynamical fermion mass generation on a 3-brane in the 5D space-time is
discussed in a model with bulk fermions in interaction with fermions on the
brane assuming the presence of a constant abelian gauge field component
in the bulk. We calculate the effective potential as a function of the fermion
masses and the gauge field component . The masses can be found from the
stationarity condition for the effective potential (the gap equation). We
formulate the equation for the mass spectrum of the 4D--fermions. The phases
with finite and vanishing fermion masses are studied and the dependence of the
masses on the radius of the 5th dimension is analyzed. The influence of the
-component of the gauge field on the symmetry breaking is considered both
when this field is a background parameter and a dynamical variable. The
critical values of the field, the coupling constant and the radius are
examined.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Constraints on transmission, dispersion, and density of states in dielectric multilayers and stepwise potential barriers with arbitrary layer arrangement
Normal-incidence transmission and dispersion properties of optical
multilayers and one-dimensional stepwise potential barriers in the
non-tunneling regime are analytically investigated. The optical paths of every
constituent layer in a multilayer structure, as well as the parameters of every
step of the stepwise potential barrier, are constrained by a generalized
quarter-wave condition. No other restrictions on the structure geometry is
imposed, i.e., the layers are arranged arbitrarily. We show that the density of
states (DOS) spectra of the multilayer or barrier in question are subject to
integral conservation rules similar to the Barnett-Loudon sum rule but ocurring
within a finite frequency or energy interval. In the optical case, these
frequency intervals are regular. For the potential barriers, only non-periodic
energy intervals can be present in the spectrum of any given structure, and
only if the parameters of constituent potential steps are properly chosen.
Abstract The integral conservation relations derived analytically have also
been verified numerically. The relations can be used in dispersion-engineered
multilayer-based devices, e.g., ultrashort pulse compressors or ultracompact
optical delay lines, as well as to design multiple-quantum-well electronic
heterostructures with engineered DOS.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, to be submitted to PR
Gravitational catalysis of chiral and color symmetry breaking of quark matter in hyperbolic space
We study the dynamical breaking of chiral and color symmetries of dense quark
matter in the ultrastatic hyperbolic spacetime in the framework
of an extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. On the basis of analytical
expressions for chiral and color condensates as functions of curvature and
temperature, the phenomenon of dimensional reduction and gravitational
catalysis of symmetry breaking in strong gravitational field is demonstrated in
the regime of weak coupling constants. In the case of strong couplings it is
shown that curvature leads to small corrections to the flat-space values of
condensate and thus enhances the symmetry breaking effects. Finally, using
numerical calculations phase transitions under the influence of chemical
potential and negative curvature are considered and the phase portrait of the
system is constructed.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
Alpha self-absorption evaluation in radiometric filter material for the natural range of alpha energy (5-9 MeV)
In this paper, SRIM (The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) software package is used to simulate the interaction of alpha particles into the material of radiometric analytical filters. The effect of alpha particle self-absorption in alpha radiometric filters measurements is estimated, especially in the range of natural alpha energy (5-9 MeV, Radon and Thoron alpha energy). Software package SRIM allows to calculate the parameters of the ions interaction with target material using a Monte Carlo simulation method based on a quantum mechanical treatment of ion-atom collisions. The effect of the radiometric analytical filter material on the transmitted efficiency of alpha energy is discussed. As the energy increases the self-absorption in analytical filter material is decreased but still has a clear effect. In this case, the filter material and the space distance between the filter and the detector window decrease the number of alpha particles which reach to the detector window. © 2019 RAD Association. All rights reserved
Chiral dynamics in QED and QCD in a magnetic background and nonlocal noncommutative field theories
We study the connection of the chiral dynamics in QED and QCD in a strong
magnetic field with noncommutative field theories (NCFT). It is shown that
these dynamics determine complicated nonlocal NCFT. In particular, although the
interaction vertices for electrically neutral composites in these gauge models
can be represented in the space with noncommutative spatial coordinates, there
is no field transformation that could put the vertices in the conventional form
considered in the literature. It is unlike the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model
in a magnetic field where such a field transformation can be found, with a cost
of introducing an exponentially damping form factor in field propagators. The
crucial distinction between these two types of models is in the characters of
their interactions, being short-range in the NJL-like models and long-range in
gauge theories. The relevance of the NCFT connected with the gauge models for
the description of the quantum Hall effect in condensed matter systems with
long-range interactions is briefly discussed.Comment: 19 pages, REVTeX4, v2: clarifications added, v3: to match PRD versio
- …