Personalized connectivity-based network targeting model of transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of psychiatric disorders: computational feasibility and reproducibility

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) holds promise for treating psychiatric disorders; however, the variability in treatment efficacy among individuals underscores the need for further improvement. Growing evidence has shown that TMS induces a broad network modulatory effect, and its effectiveness may rely on accurate modulation of the pathological network specific to each disorder. Therefore, determining the optimal TMS coil setting that will engage the functional pathway delivering the stimulation is crucial. Compared to group-averaged functional connectivity (FC), individual FC provides specific information about a person’s brain functional architecture, offering the potential for more accurate network targeting for personalized TMS. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of FC poses a challenge when utilizing individual resting-state FC. To overcome this challenge, the proposed solutions include increasing the scan duration and employing the cluster method to enhance the stability of FC. This study aimed to evaluate the stability of a personalized FC-based network targeting model in individuals with major depressive disorder or schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations. Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from the Human Connectome Project, we assessed the model’s stability. We employed longer scan durations and cluster methodologies to improve the precision in identifying optimal individual sites. Our findings demonstrate that a scan duration of 28 minutes and the utilization of the cluster method achieved stable identification of individual sites, as evidenced by the intraindividual distance falling below the ~1cm spatial resolution of TMS. The current model provides a feasible approach to obtaining stable personalized TMS targets from the scalp, offering a more accurate method of TMS targeting in clinical applications

Speculation on optimal numbers of examined lymph node for early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer from the perspective of stage migration

IntroductionIn early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), how to perform lymphadenectomy to avoid stage migration and achieve reliable targeted excision has not been explored in depth. This study comprehensively considered the stage migration and survival to determine appropriate numbers of examined lymph node (ELN) for early-stage EOC and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC).MethodsFrom the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we obtained 10372 EOC cases with stage T1M0 and ELN ≥ 2, including 2849 HGSOC cases. Generalized linear models with multivariable adjustment were used to analyze associations between ELN numbers and lymph node stage migration, survival and positive lymph node (PLN). LOESS regression characterized dynamic trends of above associations followed by Chow test to determine structural breakpoints of ELN numbers. Survival curves were plotted using Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsMore ELNs were associated with more node-positive diseases, more PLNs and better prognosis. ELN structural breakpoints were different in subgroups of early-stage EOC, which for node stage migration or PLN were more than those for improving outcomes. The meaning of ELN structural breakpoint varied with its location and the morphology of LOESS curve. To avoid stage migration, the optimal ELN for early-stage EOC was 29 and the minimal ELN for HGSOC was 24. For better survival, appropriate ELN number were 13 and 8 respectively. More ELNs explained better prognosis only at a certain range.DiscussionNeither too many nor too few numbers of ELN were ideal for early-stage EOC and HGSOC. Excision with appropriate numbers of lymph node draining the affected ovary may be more reasonable than traditional sentinel lymph node resection and systematic lymphadenectomy

Construction of a cross-species cell landscape at single-cell level.

Individual cells are basic units of life. Despite extensive efforts to characterize the cellular heterogeneity of different organisms, cross-species comparisons of landscape dynamics have not been achieved. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to map organism-level cell landscapes at multiple life stages for mice, zebrafish and Drosophila. By integrating the comprehensive dataset of > 2.6 million single cells, we constructed a cross-species cell landscape and identified signatures and common pathways that changed throughout the life span. We identified structural inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction as the most common hallmarks of organism aging, and found that pharmacological activation of mitochondrial metabolism alleviated aging phenotypes in mice. The cross-species cell landscape with other published datasets were stored in an integrated online portal-Cell Landscape. Our work provides a valuable resource for studying lineage development, maturation and aging

Solubility Phase Diagram of the Ternary System LiCl-MgCl2-H2O and Li2SO4-MgSO4-H2O at 348.15 K

The solubility isotherms of the ternary systems LiCl-MgCl2-H2O and Li2SO4-MgSO4-H2O were elaborately redetermined at 348.15 K using an isothermal equilibrium method. The compositions of solid phases were confirmed using the Scherinemakers' wet residue method. The ternary system LiCl-MgCl2-H2O is of a complex type with double salt LiCl center dot MgCl2 center dot 7H(2)O((s)) formed at 348.15 K, it gives the data of two invariant points for the first time and points out the boundary of three univariant curves and three crystallization fields corresponding to LiCl center dot H2O(s), MgCl2 center dot 6H(2)O((s)), and LiCl center dot MgCl2 center dot 7H(2)O((s)) clearly, which is more complete and accurate than the results in the literature at 348.15 K. In the ternary system Li2SO4-MgSO4-H2O, there are three solubility branches corresponding to the solid phases MgSO4 center dot nH(2)O((s)) (n = 6 and 1) and Li2SO4 center dot H2O(s); the phase field of MgSO4 center dot H2O(s) overlaps with the phase field of MgSO4 center dot 6H(2)O((s)), this finding indicates that the phase MgSO4 center dot H2O(s) is stable and MgSO4 center dot 6H(2)O((s)) is metastable; moreover, it gives the true equilibrium solubility data for MgSO4 center dot H2O(s) in the binary system MgSO4-H2O and the ternary system Li2SO4-MgSO4-H2O at 348.15 K and an invariant point which can point out the boundary of the two phase fields of MgSO4 center dot H2O(s) and Li2SO4 center dot H2O(s) definitely

Three-junction tandem photovoltaic cell for a wide temperature range based on a multilayer circular truncated cone metamaterial emitter

To improve the conversion efficiency of thermophotovoltaic devices, we designed a thermophotovoltaic system based on an InAs/InGaAsSb/GaSb three-junction tandem cell. The tandem cell can recover photons in the wavelength range of 200–3650 nm and therefore enhance the output power of the system. To further improve system performance, we designed a multilayer circular truncated cone metamaterial emitter matching the tandem cell. Existing TPV systems based on multi-junction tandem PV cells can achieve conversion efficiencies of 33.3%–41%, while the thermophotovoltaic system coupled with the multilayer circular truncated cone metamaterial can recover more photons of 1.44 mol/(m·s) and achieve a higher conversion efficiency of 52.8% at 1773 K. The thermophotovoltaic system designed here demonstrates an extremely high energy conversion efficiency and has good application prospects

Spaceborne SAR Image Geometric Rectification Method without Ground Control Points Using Orbit Parameters Modulation

When using the Range-Doppler model for SAR image geometric correction, the error of satellite orbit, imaging parameter and DEM elevation will affect the geometric correction accuracy. A new geometric rectification method has been presented for spaceborne SAR image. First, polynomial was used for parameterizing SAR orbit. Then orbit parameters were corrected by control points that acquired by matching of simulated SAR image and real SAR image. Finally, the precise geometric rectification using corrected parameters was accomplished. The presented method can be applied for SAR image geometric rectification where the ground control points are difficult to be acquired. It has higher precision compared to the geometric rectification based on image simulation and polynomial correction. The Radarsat-2 image was used in experiments, and the ground control points measured by GPS validated the proposed approach

All Organic Sodium-Ion Batteries with Na4C8H2O6

Developing organic compounds with multifunctional groups to be used as electrode materials for rechargeable sodium-ion batteries is very important. The organic tetrasodium salt of 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (Na(4)DHTPA; Na4C8H2O6), which was prepared through a green one-pot method, was investigated at potential windows of 1.6-2.8 V as the positive electrode or 0.1-1.8 Vas the negative electrode (vs. Na+/Na), each delivering compatible and stable capacities of ca. 180 mAhg(-1) with excellent cycling. A combination of electrochemical, spectroscopic and computational studies revealed that reversible uptake/removal of two Na+ ions is associated with the enolate groups at 1.6-2.8 V (Na2C8H2O6/Na4C8H2O6) and the carboxylate groups at 0.1-1.8 V (Na4C8H2O6/Na6C8H2O6). The use of Na4C8H2O6 as the initial active materials for both electrodes provided the first example of all-organic rocking-chair SIBs with an average operation voltage of 1.8 V and a practical energy density of about 65 Whkg(-1)

Effects of acupuncture or similar needling therapy on pain, proprioception, balance, and self-reported function in individuals with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: Acupuncture or similar needling therapy has long been used to improve well-being, but its effectiveness in management of chronic ankle instability (CAI) is unclear. To investigate the efficacy of acupuncture or similar needling therapy on pain, proprioception, balance, and self-reported function in individuals with CAI. Methods: Nine databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCO, PEDro, CNKI, WanFang, and CQVIP) were systematically searched from inception to April 2023. This study included randomized controlled trials involving acupuncture or similar needling therapy as an intervention for individuals with CAI. Data were extracted independently by two assessors using a standardized form. Literature quality and risk bias were assessed by using the PEDro scale. Results: Twelve trials (n = 571) were found, of which the final meta-analysis was conducted with eight. Different studies employ varying treatments, including specific needle types, techniques, and therapeutic frameworks. Compared to control without acupuncture or similar needling therapy, acupuncture or similar needling intervention resulted in improved pain (WMD 1.33, 95 % CI 0.14–2.52, I²=90 %, p = 0.03), proprioception (active joint position sense, WMD 1.71, 95 % CI 0.95–2.48, I²=0 %, p < 0.0001), balance (SMD 0.54, 95 % CI 0.03–1.04, I²=46 %, p = 0.04), and self-reported function (Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (WMD 2.92, 95 % CI 0.94–4.90, I²=78 %, p = 0.004); American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (WMD 9.36, 95 % CI 6.57–12.15, I²=0 %, p < 0.001); Foot and Ankle Ability Measure: activities of daily living (WMD 5.09, 95 % CI 1.74–8.44, I²=0 %, p = 0.003)) for individuals with CAI. Conclusions: The available evidence suggests that acupuncture or similar needling therapy may improve pain, proprioception, balance, and self-reported function in individuals with CAI, but more trials are needed to verify these findings. Furthermore, various needles and techniques using in different studies have resulted in methodologic limitations that should be addressed in the future