Recruiting of study sample.

<p>Recruiting of study sample.</p

Effects of dexmedetomidine on postoperative AKI and other outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

<p>Values are numbers (%) for categorical variables and mean± SD for continuous variables. OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; AKIN, acute kidney injury network; AKI, acute kidney injury; RF, renal failure; Post-op, postoperative; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.</p

Post-Bypass Dexmedetomidine Use and Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass

<div><p>Background</p><p><b>And Objectives</b>: The aim of this retrospective investigation was to study the relationships among chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury (AKI), and potential benefits by post-bypass dexmedetomidine use in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</p> <p>Methods</p><p>The patient data were reviewed from the institutional Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Adult Cardiac Surgery Database after IRB approval. 1,133 patients were identified and divided into two groups: those who received dexmedetomidine or those who did not during the post-bypass period. The postoperative outcomes include the incidence of AKI, any complication and all cause of mortality.</p> <p>Results</p><p>Post-bypass dexmedetomidine use was associated with significantly reduced the incidence of total AKI (26.1% vs. 33.75%; adjusted OR, 0.7033; 95%CI, 0.540 to 0.916; p=0.0089). In addition, post-bypass dexmedetomidine use was more likely to reduce the incidence of AKI in these patients with preoperative normal kidney function (Stage1; 32.8% to 22.8%; p=0.0233) and mild CKD (Stage 2; 32.8% to 24.7; p=0.0003) after cardiac surgery. Post-bypass infusion of dexmedetomidine was associated with significantly reduced incidence of any complication and 30-day mortalities.</p> <p>Conclusions</p><p>Post-bypass dexmedetomidine use is associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of AKI, especially mild AKI in patients with preoperative normal renal function and mild CKD undergoing cardiac surgery.</p> </div

Propensity adjusted risk model for postoperative AKI following cardiac surgery.

<p>Values are n (%) for categorical variables and mean± SD for continuous variables. OR, odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; BMI, body mass index; Pre-op, preoperative; CHF, congestive heart failure; IABP, intra-aortic balloon pumping.</p

Video_1_Case report: Severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum in a previously robust adolescent caused by Omicron BA.5.2.MP4

The manifestation of severe pneumonia is only occasional, and pneumomediastinum is a condition that occurs rarely in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, especially in those patients who are infected with the Omicron variant. In addition, whether severe pneumonia or pneumomediastinum often occurs in patients in older age, in poor physical condition, or with underlying diseases remains to be ascertained. To date, severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum due to Omicron infection had not been reported in a young patient with an excellent physical condition. In this study, we report such a case with the aforementioned manifestations in a robust adolescent infected with Omicron BA.5.2.</p

Video_2_Case report: Severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum in a previously robust adolescent caused by Omicron BA.5.2.MP4

The manifestation of severe pneumonia is only occasional, and pneumomediastinum is a condition that occurs rarely in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, especially in those patients who are infected with the Omicron variant. In addition, whether severe pneumonia or pneumomediastinum often occurs in patients in older age, in poor physical condition, or with underlying diseases remains to be ascertained. To date, severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum due to Omicron infection had not been reported in a young patient with an excellent physical condition. In this study, we report such a case with the aforementioned manifestations in a robust adolescent infected with Omicron BA.5.2.</p

Video_3_Case report: Severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum in a previously robust adolescent caused by Omicron BA.5.2.MP4

The manifestation of severe pneumonia is only occasional, and pneumomediastinum is a condition that occurs rarely in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, especially in those patients who are infected with the Omicron variant. In addition, whether severe pneumonia or pneumomediastinum often occurs in patients in older age, in poor physical condition, or with underlying diseases remains to be ascertained. To date, severe pneumonia and pneumomediastinum due to Omicron infection had not been reported in a young patient with an excellent physical condition. In this study, we report such a case with the aforementioned manifestations in a robust adolescent infected with Omicron BA.5.2.</p

Representative images of thrombi in carotid artery preparations (en face).

<p>LC: left carotid artery; RC: right carotid artery.</p

Endothelial dysfunction and arterial wall thickness was assessed in rabbits after 8 weeks of high cholesterol diet.

<p>(a) Vascular ultrasound of the right common artery: The bars show increases of luminal diameter of the right common carotid artery [%] compared to baseline after infusion of three doses of acetylcholine in the Revacept and control groups. (b) Wall thickness of the right common carotid artery [mm] in rabbits. The mean ± SEM of 8 animals are shown. * indicates significant difference of p<0.05 versus cholesterol-fed, atherosclerotic control rabbits, and ** p<0.01 versus healthy rabbits (ANOVA).</p

Representative images of plaque extensions in artery sections.

<p>LC: left carotid artery; RC: right carotid artery, Thor A: thoracic aorta, Abd A: abdominal aorta.</p