Special Purpose Pulsar Telescope for the Detection of Cosmic Gravitational Waves

Pulsars can be used to search for stochastic backgrounds of gravitational waves of cosmological origin within the very low frequency band (VLF), $10^{-7}$ to $10^{-9}$ Hz. We propose to construct a special 50 m radio telescope. Regular timing measurements of about 10 strong millisecond pulsars will perhaps allow the detection of gravitational waves within VLF or at least will give a more stringent upper limits.Comment: 5 pages, no figure, Latex fil

WebIBC: Identity Based Cryptography for Client Side Security in Web Applications

The growing popularity of web applications in the last few years has led users to give the management of their data to online application providers, which will endanger the security and privacy of the users. In this paper(1), we present WebIBC, which integrates public key cryptography into web applications without any browser plugins. The public key of WebIBC is provided by identity based cryptography, eliminating the need of public key and certificate online retrieval; the private key is supplied by the fragment identifier of the URL inspired by BeamAuth [6]. The implementation and performance evaluation demonstrate that WebIBC is secure and efficient both in theory and practice.Computer Science, Theory & MethodsCPCI-S(ISTP)

Origin of two types of rhyolites in the Tarim Large Igneous Province: Consequences of incubation and melting of a mantle plume

The Early Permian Tarim Large Igneous Province (LIP) in northwestern China contains a large area of silicic volcanics (similar to 48,000 km(2)) which are spatially and temporally associated with mafic-ultramafic rocks. In order to understand the behavior of crust above a mantle plume, selected rhyolitic samples are investigated in terms of U-Pb zircon dating, geochemical and isotopic analyses. The Tarim rhyolites have high A/CNK ratios (= molar Al2O3/CaO + Na2O + K2O), Fe#, Ga/Al ratios, concentrations of high field strength elements (HFSEs) such as Zr and Nb, and rare earth elements (REEs), along with high zircon saturation temperatures (872-940 degrees C), typical of aluminous A-type granitoids. Two contrasting rock types have been recognized. The low Nb-Ta type rhyolites are mainly associated with the first phase of the Tarim flood basalt magmatism at similar to 290 Ma. They are characterized by negative Nb-Ta anomalies, low epsilon(Nd)(t) and epsilon(Hf)(t) values, and high Sr-87/Sr-88(t) and delta(18) O-zircon values, consistent with a derivation from continental crustal source. The high Nb-Ta type rhyolites and their plutonic equivalents are associated with the second episode of Tarim magmatism (283-272 Ma). They are characterized by small negative to positive Nb-Ta anomalies, oceanic island basalt (0113)-like trace element ratios, low Sr-87/Sr-88(t) and high epsilon(Nd)(t) and epsilon(Hf)(t) values. These high Nb-Ta rhyolites are best interpreted as hybrid products of crystal fractionation of mafic magmas, coupled with crustal assimilation. The temporal and compositional evolution of the Tarim rhyolites reflects various extents of thermal and mass exchange between mantle-derived basaltic magma and crustal material above a mantle plume. When the plume head rises to the base of the Tarim craton, it first melts enriched components in the lithospheric mantle (similar to 290 Ma), part of which may have ponded near the crust-mantle boundary and induced crustal anatexis leading to the formation of the low Nb-Ta type rhyolites. At similar to 280 Ma, large magma chambers and plumbing systems were formed due to increasing magma supply rate during decompression melting of the mantle plume. This led to the formation of a mafic-ultramafic and felsic association of which the high Nb-Ta type rhyolites are a part. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All right reservedGeochemistry & GeophysicsMineralogySCI(E)[email protected],SI59-7220

Precision Spectroscopy and Nuclear Structure Parameters in 7Li+ ion

The optical Ramsey technique is used to obtain precise measurements of the hyperfine splittings in the 2\,^3\!S_1 and 2\,^3\!P_J states of $^7$Li$^+$. Together with bound-state quantum electrodynamic theory, the Zemach radius and quadrupole moment of the $^7$Li nucleus are determined to be $3.35(1)$~fm and $-3.86(5)$~fm$^2$ respectively, with the quadrupole moment deviating from the recommended value of $-4.00(3)$~fm$^2$ by $1.75\sigma$. Furthermore, we determine the quadrupole moment ratio of $^6$Li to $^7$Li as $0.101(13)$, exhibiting a $6\sigma$ deviation from the previous measured value of $0.020161(13)$ by LiF molecular spectroscopy. The results taken together provide a sensitive test of nuclear structure models

Black Holes as the source of the dark energy: a stringent test with the high-redshift JWST AGNs

It has been suggested that there is evidence for cosmological coupling of black holes (BHs) with an index of $k\approx 3$ and hence the BHs serve as the astrophysical source of the dark energy. The data sample however is limited for the redshifts $\leq 2.5$. Recently, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has detected more than 180 high-redshift Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) and quasars. Among the JWST NIRSpec/NIRCam resolved AGNs, three are identified in early-type host galaxies with a redshift $z\sim 4.5-7$. Their $M_{\star}$ and $M_{\rm BH}$, however, are in tension with the prediction of the cosmological coupling of black holes with $k=3$ at a confidence level of $\sim 3\sigma$, which is not in support of the hypothesis that BHs serve as the origin of dark energy. The future observations of high-redshift AGNs by JWST will further test such a hypothesis by identifying more early-type host galaxies in the higher mass range.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Submitted to ApJL. Comments are welcome

D-2-hydroxyglutarate is essential for maintaining oncogenic property of mutant IDH-containing cancer cells but dispensable for cell growth

Cancer-associated isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 mutations gain a new activity of reducing α-KG to produce D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG), which is proposed to function as an oncometabolite by inhibiting α-KG dependent dioxygenases. We investigated the function of D-2-HG in tumorigenesis using IDH1 and IDH2 mutant cancer cell lines. Inhibition of D-2-HG production either by specific deletion of the mutant IDH1-R132C allele or overexpression of D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D2HGDH) increases α-KG and related metabolites, restores the activity of some α-KG-dependent dioxygenases, and selectively alters gene expression. Ablation of D-2-HG production has no significant effect on cell proliferation and migration, but strongly inhibits anchorage independent growth in vitro and tumor growth in xenografted mouse models. Our study identifies a new activity of oncometabolite D-2-HG in promoting tumorigenesis

Factors affecting HPV infection in U.S. and Beijing females: A modeling study

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an important carcinogenic infection highly prevalent among many populations. However, independent influencing factors and predictive models for HPV infection in both U.S. and Beijing females are rarely confirmed. In this study, our first objective was to explore the overlapping HPV infection-related factors in U.S. and Beijing females. Secondly, we aimed to develop an R package for identifying the top-performing prediction models and build the predictive models for HPV infection using this R package.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the 2009–2016 NHANES (a national population-based study) and the 2019 data on Beijing female union workers from various industries. Prevalence, potential influencing factors, and predictive models for HPV infection in both cohorts were explored.ResultsThere were 2,259 (NHANES cohort, age: 20–59 years) and 1,593 (Beijing female cohort, age: 20–70 years) participants included in analyses. The HPV infection rate of U.S. NHANES and Beijing females were, respectively 45.73 and 8.22%. The number of male sex partners, marital status, and history of HPV infection were the predominant factors that influenced HPV infection in both NHANES and Beijing female cohorts. However, condom application was not an independent influencing factor for HPV infection in both cohorts. R package Modelbest was established. The nomogram developed based on Modelbest package showed better performance than the nomogram which only included significant factors in multivariate regression analysis.ConclusionCollectively, despite the widespread availability of HPV vaccines, HPV infection is still prevalent. Compared with condom promotion, avoidance of multiple sexual partners seems to be more effective for preventing HPV infection. Nomograms developed based on Modelbest can provide improved personalized risk assessment for HPV infection. Our R package Modelbest has potential to be a powerful tool for future predictive model studies

Ilustrações de cartilhas escolares na Primeira República (1889-1930) : a historiografia da educação no Espírito Santo por entre traços e espaços em branco

Este estudo objetivou investigar significados das ilustrações contidas nas cartilhas utilizadas no ensino primário, no Espírito Santo, na Primeira República, sendo que, nesse recorte temporal, procuramos tomar as duas reformas educacionais capixabas desse período: a Reforma Gomes Cardim (1908-1909) e a Reforma Atílio Vivacqua (1928-1930), como de pontos de referência em nossa investigação. Partindo de uma análise dessas ilustrações no conjunto de projetos políticos, pedagógicos, culturais e estéticos que perpassaram a escolarização no Espírito Santo, procuramos mapear o panorama que contextualizava a produção dessas ilustrações, nas esferas: social, política, econômica, cultural e educacional, procurando compreender suas relações de força e possíveis tensões; investigar se as ilustrações se relacionavam com os métodos de ensino propostos nas cartilhas, procurando estabelecer e compreender a presença ou ausência dessa relação nas práticas pedagógicas propostas para o ensino primário capixaba, nesse período; bem como, verificar quais os possíveis impactos e reflexos das Reformas Educacionais ocorridas na Primeira República, no Espírito Santo, sobre as ilustrações nas cartilhas, procurando identificá-los. Nessa investigação historiográfica, nossa ancoragem teórico-metodológica fundamenta-se em interlocuções com Marc Bloch, em sua perspectiva histórica, onde buscamos compreensão do ofício do historiador, de modo que, privilegiando a multiplicidade das fontes, procuramos tensioná-las a fim de alcançar o seu testemunho histórico; em Ginzburg, construímos fundamentos que nos permitiram tomar o método indiciário como ferramenta de pesquisa, assim como, suas reflexões sobre morfologia das imagens, por meio do método morelliano, e suas aproximações com as teorias warbuguianas, nos embasaram na abordagem histórica e leitura de fontes iconográficas; por fim, em Benjamin, procuramos compreender o contexto de produção das ilustrações, que, pertencendo ao campo de domínio da linguagem da arte, em suas várias formas de expressões, abrangem percepções de mundo, do seu momento histórico. Desse modo, analisando, historicamente, as ilustrações nas cartilhas, percebemos que as mesmas se constituem como indícios que nos oferecem pistas de propostas pedagógicas, tendências metodológicas e políticas públicas, do espaço e tempo de sua produção, circulação e utilização. Portanto, concluímos que as ilustrações têm a potência de narrativas de uma cultura escolar, ao representarem palavras, textos e temas, assim sendo, detêm valores, sentidos e significados. Portanto, enquanto objetos culturais, trazem informações, que registram pontos de vista culturais e escolares das épocas, além dos elementos que desenvolvem habilidades de leitura e escrita. À vista disso, concluímos que as ilustrações e seus significados, que lhe são atribuídos ao longo do tempo nos espaços escolares, se constituem como possibilidades que oportunizam narrativas historiográficas.This study aimed to investigate meanings of the illustrations contained in textbooks used in primary education in Espírito Santo, during the First Republic. Given this time frame, we attempted to take both capixaba educational reformations: Gomes Cardim Reformation (1908-1909) and the Atilio Vivacqua Reformation (1928-1930), as benchmarks in our investigation. Based on an analysis of these illustrations on the set of political, educational, cultural and aesthetic projects that permeated the school in Espírito Santo, we tried to map the landscape that contextualized the production of these illustrations, in the social, political, economic, cultural and educational realms, seeking to understand their power relations and possible tensions; investigating whether the illustrations were related to the teaching methods proposed in the textbooks, and trying to establish and understand the presence or absence of that relationship in the pedagogical practices proposed for the capixaba primary education in this period, as well as check what the possible impacts and outcomes of Educational Reforms occurred in the First Republic, in Espírito Santo on the illustrations in textbooks were, trying to identify them. For this historiographical research, our theoretical and methodological anchoring is based on dialogues with Marc Bloch, in his historical perspective, where we seek understanding of the historian's craft, so that in favoring the multiplicity of sources, we attempt to bend them in order to achieve their historical testimony; in Ginzburg, we build foundations that allowed us to take the evidential method as a research tool, as well as his reflections on the morphology of images, through the Morellian method and its approach to the Warburgian theories, which supported with the historical approach and the "reading" of iconographic sources; Finally, in Benjamin, we tried to understand the context of production of illustrations, which, belonging to the domain of the language of art, in its various forms of expression, encompasses perceptions of the world, and its historical moment. Thus, historically, analyzing the illustrations in textbooks, we realize that they constitute as evidence that give away hints of educational proposals, methodological trends and public policies, about the space and time of its production, circulation and use. We therefore conclude that the illustrations have the narrative power of a school culture, as they represent words, texts and themes, therefore, holding values, senses and meanings. Therefore, as cultural objects, provide information, which record cultural and school views of their times besides the elements meant to develop reading and writing skills. In view of this, we conclude that the illustrations and their meanings, which are assigned over the course of time in school spaces, are constituted as possibilities that allow for historiographical narratives.FAPE