1,382 research outputs found
On the four-zero texture of quark mass matrices and its stability
We carry out a new study of quark mass matrices (up-type) and
(down-type) which are Hermitian and have four zero entries, and
find a new part of the parameter space which was missed in the previous works.
We identify two more specific four-zero patterns of and
with fewer free parameters, and present two toy flavor-symmetry
models which can help realize such special and interesting quark flavor
structures. We also show that the texture zeros of and
are essentially stable against the evolution of energy scales in
an analytical way by using the one-loop renormalization-group equations.Comment: 33 pages, 4 figures, minor comments added, version to appear in Nucl.
Phys.
The effective neutrino mass of neutrinoless double-beta decays: how possible to fall into a well
If massive neutrinos are the Majorana particles and have a normal mass
ordering, the effective mass term of a neutrinoless
double-beta () decay may suffer significant cancellations among
its three components and thus sink into a decline, resulting in a "well" in the
three-dimensional graph of against the smallest
neutrino mass and the relevant Majorana phase . We present a new
and complete analytical understanding of the fine issues inside such a well,
and discover a novel threshold of in terms of the
neutrino masses and flavor mixing angles: in connection with and . This threshold point, which links the
{\it local} minimum and maximum of , can be used to
signify observability or sensitivity of the future -decay
experiments. Given current neutrino oscillation data, the possibility of
is found to be
very small.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in Eur. Phys. J.
How to interpret a discovery or null result of the decay
The Majorana nature of massive neutrinos will be crucially probed in the
next-generation experiments of the neutrinoless double-beta ()
decay. The effective mass term of this process, , may
be contaminated by new physics. So how to interpret a discovery or null result
of the decay in the foreseeable future is highly nontrivial. In
this paper we introduce a novel three-dimensional description of , which allows us to see its sensitivity to the lightest
neutrino mass and two Majorana phases in a transparent way. We take a look at
to what extent the free parameters of can be well
constrained provided a signal of the decay is observed someday.
To fully explore lepton number violation, all the six effective Majorana mass
terms (for )
are calculated and their lower bounds are illustrated with the two-dimensional
contour figures. The effect of possible new physics on the decay
is also discussed in a model-independent way. We find that the result of
in the normal (or inverted) neutrino mass ordering
case modified by the new physics effect may somewhat mimic that in the inverted
(or normal) mass ordering case in the standard three-flavor scheme. Hence a
proper interpretation of a discovery or null result of the decay
may demand extra information from some other measurements.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, Figures and references update
Determination of Dark Matter Halo Mass from Dynamics of Satellite Galaxies
We show that the mass of a dark matter halo can be inferred from the
dynamical status of its satellite galaxies. Using 9 dark-matter simulations of
halos like the Milky Way (MW), we find that the present-day substructures in
each halo follow a characteristic distribution in the phase space of orbital
binding energy and angular momentum, and that this distribution is similar from
halo to halo but has an intrinsic dependence on the halo formation history. We
construct this distribution directly from the simulations for a specific halo
and extend the result to halos of similar formation history but different
masses by scaling. The mass of an observed halo can then be estimated by
maximizing the likelihood in comparing the measured kinematic parameters of its
satellite galaxies with these distributions. We test the validity and accuracy
of this method with mock samples taken from the simulations. Using the
positions, radial velocities, and proper motions of 9 tracers and assuming
observational uncertainties comparable to those of MW satellite galaxies, we
find that the halo mass can be recovered to within 40%. The accuracy can
be improved to within 25% if 30 tracers are used. However, the dependence
of the phase-space distribution on the halo formation history sets a minimum
uncertainty of 20% that cannot be reduced by using more tracers. We
believe that this minimum uncertainty also applies to any mass determination
for a halo when the phase space information of other kinematic tracers is used.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 18 pages, 13 figure
N-[2-(6-Methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl]furan-2-carboxamide N,N-dimethylformamide solvate
The title molecule, C18H14N2O5S·C3H7NO, comprises of a carboxamide group bonded to a furan ring and a distorted envelope-shaped 4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl group which is connected to a substituted 6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl group. Extensive strong N—H⋯O and weak C—H⋯O intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions occur between dimethylformamide (DMF), the crystallizing solvent, and the various heterocyclic groups within the compound, as well as additional weak C—H⋯O interactions between the heterocyclic groups themselves. The carboxyl group of the DMF solvent molecule forms a trifurcated (four-center) acceptor hydrogen-bond interaction with the carboxamide, furan and 6-methyl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl groups. The dihedral angles between the planar chromone group [maximum deviation = 0.0377 (18)°] and those of the furan and 4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl groups are 89.4 (6) and 78.5 (1)°, respectively
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