150 research outputs found
VALUE CREATION THROUGH INTER-ORGANIZATIONAL SYSTEMS (IOS): FROM GOVERNANCE PROCESS VIEW
In this study, we seek to reveal the mechanism of value creation between firms and their partners in B2B context. An integrated conceptual model is constructed grounded in the co-creation theory and the process view, which proposes the interaction between relational assets, IOS support and governance process, as well as their impacts on co-created value. It differs from previous studies by highlighting the mediating effect of governance on value creation. Using a sample of 181 collected from China, our analysis indicates the contribution of governance to co-created value, which is generated through IOS and relational assets. In fact, the IOS support and relational assets alone donât hold the answer to value co-creation, but they affect the mediating process and enable governance to create value. Especially, the IOS could accommodate the use of relational assets and significantly affect governance process, which is found to be fundamental in value creation. While commodity-like resources have diminishing value in co-creation, governance process with causal ambiguity, social complexity and organizational interconnectedness, becomes the main source of co-created value. Overall, our research sheds light on the key drivers of value co-creation, and provides insights to their impacts on value creation
Impression Effect vs. Click-through Effect: Mechanism Design of Online Advertising
Search advertising and display advertising are two major online advertising formats. Search advertising emphasizes adsâ click-through effect. Advertisers only pay when users click the link of their ads. Traditional display advertising emphasizes adsâ impression effect. Most display ads are charged based on the number of views on the ads. Considering that most online ads increase brand awareness (impression effect) and directly promote sales (click-through effect), the not-emphasized effect in search advertising or display advertising actually has a significant impact on the market outcome. However, these impacts have been largely ignored. In this paper, we examine various mechanisms in search and display advertising by considering both adsâ impression effect and click-through effect. Interestingly, we show a seesaw relationship between adsâ two effects in search advertising. The advertiser whose advertisement has a strong click-through effect benefits relatively less from its impression effect. In display advertising, the real-time-bidding (RTB) mechanism considers both adsâ impression effect and click-through effect. It allows a publisher to gain more surplus than that through a static auction. However, we show that RTB is associated with a high risk of market failure
The Optimal Configuration and Their Strategic Analysis of Information System Security Technology Portfolios
Confronted with the increasingly severe information security problems, proper configuration of security technologies is critical to enhance the information systems performance. To solve the integrated linkage control problem based on attack detection, the security model including firewall, intrusion detection system (IDS) and vulnerability scan is analyzed by game theory. The analyses show that more IT portfolio will not bring better benefits, and more fixed vulnerabilities are not the better choice for the firm either. However, reasonable configuration of firewall will always reduce the firmâs expected loss. According to the Nash equilibrium of the model, technical parameters are configured to minimize the firmâs expected loss
Transplantation of Porcine Hepatocytes Cultured with Polylactic Acid-O-Carboxymethylated Chitosan Nanoparticles Promotes Liver Regeneration in Acute Liver Failure Rats
In this study, free porcine hepatocytes suspension (Group A), porcine hepatocytes embedded in collagen gel (Group B), porcine hepatocytes cultured with PLA-O-CMC nanoparticles and embedded in collagen gel (Group C), and PLA-O-CMC nanoparticles alone (Group D) were transplanted into peritoneal cavity of ALF rats, respectively. The result showed that plasma HGF levels were elevated post-transplantation with a peak at 12âhr. The rats in Group C showed highest plasma HGF levels at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 36âhr post-transplantation and lowest HGF level at 48âhr. Plasma VEGF levels were elevated at 48âhr post-transplantation with a peak at 72âhr. The rats in Group C showed highest plasma HGF levels at 48, 72, and 96âhr post-transplantation. The liver functions in Group C were recovered most rapidly. Compared with Group B, Group C had significant high liver Kiel 67 antigen labeling index (Ki-67 LI) at day 1 post-HTx (P < .05). Ki-67 LI in groups B and C was higher than that in groups A and D at days 5 and 7 post-HTx. In conclusion, intraperitoneal transplantation of porcine hepatocytes cultured with PLA-O-CMC nanoparticles and embedded in collagen gel can promote significantly liver regeneration in ALF rats
The consistency of invasive and non-invasive arterial blood pressure for the assessment of dynamic cerebral autoregulation in NICU patients
BackgroundStudies of the clinical application of dynamic cerebral autoregulation show considerable variations, and differences in blood pressure devices may be one of the reasons for this variation. Few studies have examined the consistency of invasive and non-invasive arterial blood pressure for evaluating cerebral autoregulation. We attempted to investigate the agreement between invasive and non-invasive blood pressure methods in the assessment of dynamic cerebral autoregulation with transfer function analysis.MethodsContinuous cerebral blood flow velocity and continuous invasive and non-invasive arterial blood pressure were simultaneously recorded for 15 min. Transfer function analysis was applied to derive the phase shift, gain and coherence function at all frequency bands from the first 5, 10, and 15 min of the 15-min recordings. The consistency was assessed with BlandâAltman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsThe consistency of invasive and noninvasive blood pressure methods for the assessment of dynamic cerebral autoregulation was poor at 5 min, slightly improved at 10 min, and good at 15 min. The values of the phase shift at the low-frequency band measured by the non-invasive device were higher than those measured with invasive equipment. The coherence function values measured by the invasive technique were higher than the values derived from the non-invasive method.ConclusionBoth invasive and non-invasive arterial blood pressure methods have good agreement in evaluating dynamic cerebral autoregulation when the recording duration reaches 15 min. The phase shift values measured with non-invasive techniques are higher than those measured with invasive devices. We recommend selecting the most appropriate blood pressure device to measure cerebral autoregulation based on the disease, purpose, and design
A hybrid influence method based on information entropy to identify the key nodes
Identifying the key nodes in complicated networks is an essential topic. A number of methods have been developed in recent years to solve this issue more effectively. Multi-attribute ranking is a widely used and efficient method to increase the accuracy of identifying the key nodes. Using k-shell iteration information and propagation threshold differences, we thoroughly analyze the nodeâs position attribute and the propagation attribute to offer a hybrid influence method based on information entropy. The two attributes will be weighted using the information entropy weighting method, and then the nodesâ influence ranking will be calculated. Correlation experiments in nine different networks were carried out based on the SusceptibleâInfectedâRecovered (SIR) model. Among these, we use the imprecision function, Kendallâs correlation coefficient, and the complementary cumulative distribution function to validate the suggested method. The experimental results demonstrate that our suggested method outperforms previous node ranking methods in terms of monotonicity, relevance, and accuracy and performs well to achieve a more accurate ranking of nodes in the network
High speed self-testing quantum random number generation without detection loophole
Quantum mechanics provides means of generating genuine randomness that is
impossible with deterministic classical processes. Remarkably, the
unpredictability of randomness can be certified in a self-testing manner that
is independent of implementation devices. Here, we present an experimental
demonstration of self-testing quantum random number generation based on an
detection-loophole free Bell test with entangled photons. In the randomness
analysis, without the assumption of independent identical distribution, we
consider the worst case scenario that the adversary launches the most powerful
attacks against quantum adversary. After considering statistical fluctuations
and applying an 80 Gb 45.6 Mb Toeplitz matrix hashing, we achieve a
final random bit rate of 114 bits/s, with a failure probability less than
. Such self-testing random number generators mark a critical step
towards realistic applications in cryptography and fundamental physics tests.Comment: 34 pages, 10 figure
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