49 research outputs found

    Atomic Structural Models of Fibrin Oligomers

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    Β© 2018 Elsevier Ltd The space-filling fibrin network is a major part of clots and thrombi formed in blood. Fibrin polymerization starts when fibrinogen, a plasma protein, is proteolytically converted to fibrin, which self-assembles to form double-stranded protofibrils. When reaching a critical length, these intermediate species aggregate laterally to transform into fibers arranged into branched fibrin network. We combined multiscale modeling in silico with atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging to reconstruct complete atomic models of double-stranded fibrin protofibrils with Ξ³-Ξ³ crosslinking, A:a and B:b knob-hole bonds, and Ξ±C regionsβ€”all important structural determinants not resolved crystallographically. Structures of fibrin oligomers and protofibrils containing up to 19 monomers were successfully validated by quantitative comparison with high-resolution AFM images. We characterized the protofibril twisting, bending, kinking, and reversibility of A:a knob-hole bonds, and calculated hydrodynamic parameters of fibrin oligomers. Atomic structures of protofibrils provide a basis to understand mechanisms of early stages of fibrin polymerization. Zhmurov et al. used 27 relevant crystal structures to computationally reconstruct the full-atomic models of fibrin oligomers and protofibrils, which correlate with high-resolution atomic force microscopy images. The structures contain much valuable information for understanding the early stages of fibrin polymerization

    Эмоксипин Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмы

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    The aim of this study was to examine the firnctional metabolic processes in the alveolar macrohpages (AM) in patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma (BA) depending on the desease phase and of a possibility of their correction with antioxidants. Infection-dependent BA patients who received antioxidant "Emoxypyne" in addition to the conventional therapy demonstrated a more pronounced lowering lipid peroxidation, increase antioxidant abilities and normalisation phoshpolipid fraction in AM than those given the conventional therapy alone. The data obtaned attest to the activation lipoperoxidation processes and to inhibition of antioxidant defense system in AM from the patients with BA, providing evidense in favour of including antioxidants in combined therapy of BA.ЦСлью нашСй Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ исслСдованиС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ…Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ² дСстабилизации ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½ Π°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² (AM) Ρƒ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмой (БА) для ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡ… клиничСского значСния ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠΈ эффСктивных схСм ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ этих Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ астма характСризуСтся дисбалансом Π² систСмС "пСрСкисноС окислСниС Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² - антиоксиданты", измСнСниями Π² Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½ Π°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² с Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² структурС ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π΅Π³Ρ€Π°Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ фосфолипидов ΠΈ холСстСрина Π½Π° Ρ„ΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ фосфолипазы А2. Π’Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ зависят ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-патогСнСтичСского Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π° заболСвания. Π’ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² состав комплСксной Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-зависимой Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмы водорастворимого антиоксиданта эмоксипина способствуСт ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ активности антиоксидантной Π·Π°Ρ‰ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы, ΡƒΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡŒΡˆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ процСссов пСрСкисного окислСния Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„Π°Π·Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½ Π°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ активности фосфолипазы А2, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ являСтся основой ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ клиничСского эффСкта Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Π°

    Эмоксипин Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмы (Π‘ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ I)

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    We studied membranopathological processes in the alveolar macrophages (AM) of bronchial asthmatic patients in various phases of the disease: 59 affected with infection-dependent BA and 24 with atopic. Subject to monitoring were the activities of antioxidant AM compound system (superoxide dismutase, catalase, etc.), the contents of malonic dialdehyde (MDA), diene conjugates (DC) and hydrogen peroxide, and the levels of membrane phospholipids. The AM in acute BA demonstrated hyperactive lipid peroxidation, suppressed antioxidant potentials of lipids, and intense hydrogen peroxide generation processes. MDA and DC concentrations were reduced, though not to a normal level, during remissions, to reveal a trend toward higher AM antioxidant activity than in acute phases.ЦСлью настоящСго исслСдования Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ мСмбранопатологичСских процСссов Π² Π°Π»ΡŒΠ²Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ€Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π°Ρ… (АМ) Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Ρ€ΠΎΠ½Ρ…ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ астмой (БА) Π² зависимости ΠΎΡ‚ Ρ„Π°Π·Ρ‹ заболСвания. Наблюдалось 59 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-зависимой БА ΠΈ 24 Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… атопичСской БА. Π—Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ систСмы АМ (ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΈΡΡŒ дисмутазы, ΠΊΠ°Ρ‚Π°Π»Π°Π·Π° ΠΈ Π΄Ρ€.), содСрТаниС диальдСгида ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ»Π° (М ДА), Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… соСдинСний (Π”Πš) ΠΈ пСрСкиси Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΌΠ±Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… фосфолипидов. АМ Π΄Π°Π²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ обострСнии БА: свСрхактивноС пСрСкисаниС Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², подавлСнная ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ процСссы пСрСкиси Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ рСмиссии содСрТаниС ΠœΠ”Π ΠΈ Π”Πš сниТалось, хотя ΠΈ Π½Π΅ достигало Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹. ΠžΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ наблюдалась тСндСнция ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ активности АМ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ с Ρ„Π°Π·ΠΎΠΉ обострСния

    Regulatory element in fibrin triggers tension-activated transition from catch to slip bonds

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    Β© 2018 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved. Fibrin formation and mechanical stability are essential in thrombosis and hemostasis. To reveal how mechanical load impacts fibrin, we carried out optical trap-based single-molecule forced unbinding experiments. The strength of noncovalent A:a knob-hole bond stabilizing fibrin polymers first increases with tensile force (catch bonds) and then decreases with force when the force exceeds a critical value (slip bonds). To provide the structural basis of catch–slip-bond behavior, we analyzed crystal structures and performed molecular modeling of A:a knob-hole complex. The movable flap (residues Ξ³295 to Ξ³305) containing the weak calcium-binding site Ξ³2 serves as a tension sensor. Flap dissociation from the B domain in the Ξ³-nodule and translocation to knob β€˜A’ triggers hole β€˜a’ closure, resulting in the increase of binding affinity and prolonged bond lifetimes. The discovery of biphasic kinetics of knob-hole bond rupture is quantitatively explained by using a theory, formulated in terms of structural transitions in the binding pocket between the low-affinity (slip) and high-affinity (catch) states. We provide a general framework to understand the mechanical response of protein pairs capable of tension-induced remodeling of their association interface. Strengthening of the A:a knob-hole bonds at 30- to 40-pN forces might favor formation of nascent fibrin clots subject to hydrodynamic shear in vivo

    Development of programs of additional professional education taking into account requirements of educational and professional standards as guarantee of improvement of quality of training of specialists

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    The methodical going is offered near forming of the programs of additional trade education taking into account a transition from the system of certification of specialists of health protection on the system of continuous medical education. At program development additional professional education to use the professional competenses of federal state educational standard of higher education are clinical studies, on speciality, and labour functions of corresponding professional standard. Register from 245 programs on placed 40 specialities on the portal of Co-ordinating Advice of continuous medical education in the personal cabinet of Tyumen medical institution and accessible for listenersΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ мСтодичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΊ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ образования (Π”ΠŸΠž) с ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΎΡ‚ систСмы сСртификации спСциалистов здравоохранСния Π½Π° систСму Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ€Ρ‹Π²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ мСдицинского образования (НМО). ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ Π”ΠŸΠž ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ государствСнного ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандарта Π²Ρ‹ΡΡˆΠ΅Π³ΠΎ образования β€” ΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΎΡ‚Π²Π΅Ρ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ стандарта. РССстр ΠΈΠ· 245 ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ ΠΏΠΎ 40 ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°Π»Π΅ ΠšΠΎΠΎΡ€Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ совСта НМО Π² Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ½Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ ВюмСнского Π“ΠœΠ£ ΠΈ доступСн для ΡΠ»ΡƒΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
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