85 research outputs found

    Effects of parenteral nutrition of Ļ‰-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, arginine and glutamine on cellular immune status of patients following liver cancer surgery

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    Purpose: To study the effects of parenteral nutrition (TPN), Ļ‰-3Ā  polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), Larginine (Arg), and glutamine on cellular immunity of patients who have done the liver cancer (LC) surgery.Methods: Seventy-five (75) LC patients were randomly divided into 5Ā  groups (A - E; 15 cases each), group A, B, C, D and E, in which patients were treated with TPN, TPN + fish oil, TPN + Arg, TPN + glutamine, and TPN + Ļ‰-3 PUFA + Arg + glutamine, respectively. Before and after surgery, CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + were measured by antibody-sensitized erythrocyte rosette test, and IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-a were assayed with double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunoassay (DAS-ELISA). IgA and IgM were measured nephelometrically.Results: The levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 + in group A showed noĀ  obvious change after surgery (p > 0.05). However, CD3 + and CD4 +Ā  increased in groups B, C and D, while CD8 + decreased in group E (p < 0.05). IL-6 in group E was lower than that in any of the other four groups (p < 0.05). IL-10 in group A was lower than that in groups B, C and D, but lower than in group E (p < 0.05). The levels of TNF-a in groups B and C were lower than those in group A, but higher than that in group E (p < 0.05) but lower than in group D. IgA in group E was higher than in the other groups (p < 0.05), while IgM level in group E was lower than in groups A, B and C (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Immunosuppressive status and cellular immunity of patientsĀ  after liver cancer surgery may be improved by a combination therapy of TPN, Ļ‰-3 PUFAs, Arg and glutamine.Keywords: Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Arginine, Glutamine, Parenteral nutrition, Hepatoma, Cellular immunit

    Radically Enhanced Molecular Switches

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    The mechanism governing the redox-stimulated switching behavior of a tristable [2]rotaxane consisting of a cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT^4+) ring encircling a dumbbell, containing tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) and 1,5-dioxynaphthalene (DNP) recognition units which are separated from each other along a polyether chain carrying 2,6-diisopropylphenyl stoppers by a 4,4ā€²-bipyridinium (BIPY^2+) unit, is described. The BIPY^2+ unit acts to increase the lifetime of the metastable state coconformation (MSCC) significantly by restricting the shuttling motion of the CBPQTT^4+ ring to such an extent that the MSCC can be isolated in the solid state and is stable for weeks on end. As controls, the redox-induced mechanism of switching of two bistable [2]rotaxanes and one bistable [2]catenane composed of CBPQT^4+ rings encircling dumbbells or macrocyclic polyethers, respectively, that contain a BIPY2+ unit with either a TTF or DNP unit, is investigated. Variable scan-rate cyclic voltammetry and digital simulations of the tristable and bistable [2]rotaxanes and [2]catenane reveal a mechanism which involves a bisradical state coconformation (BRCC) in which only one of the BIPY^ā€¢+ units in the CBPQT^2(ā€¢+) ring is oxidized to the BIPY2+ dication. This observation of the BRCC was further confirmed by theoretical calculations as well as by X-ray crystallography of the [2]catenane in its bisradical tetracationic redox state. It is evident that the incorporation of a kinetic barrier between the donor recognition units in the tristable [2]rotaxane can prolong the lifetime and stability of the MSCC, an observation which augurs well for the development of nonvolatile molecular flash memory devices

    ChatRadio-Valuer: A Chat Large Language Model for Generalizable Radiology Report Generation Based on Multi-institution and Multi-system Data

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    Radiology report generation, as a key step in medical image analysis, is critical to the quantitative analysis of clinically informed decision-making levels. However, complex and diverse radiology reports with cross-source heterogeneity pose a huge generalizability challenge to the current methods under massive data volume, mainly because the style and normativity of radiology reports are obviously distinctive among institutions, body regions inspected and radiologists. Recently, the advent of large language models (LLM) offers great potential for recognizing signs of health conditions. To resolve the above problem, we collaborate with the Second Xiangya Hospital in China and propose ChatRadio-Valuer based on the LLM, a tailored model for automatic radiology report generation that learns generalizable representations and provides a basis pattern for model adaptation in sophisticated analysts' cases. Specifically, ChatRadio-Valuer is trained based on the radiology reports from a single institution by means of supervised fine-tuning, and then adapted to disease diagnosis tasks for human multi-system evaluation (i.e., chest, abdomen, muscle-skeleton, head, and maxillofacial &\& neck) from six different institutions in clinical-level events. The clinical dataset utilized in this study encompasses a remarkable total of \textbf{332,673} observations. From the comprehensive results on engineering indicators, clinical efficacy and deployment cost metrics, it can be shown that ChatRadio-Valuer consistently outperforms state-of-the-art models, especially ChatGPT (GPT-3.5-Turbo) and GPT-4 et al., in terms of the diseases diagnosis from radiology reports. ChatRadio-Valuer provides an effective avenue to boost model generalization performance and alleviate the annotation workload of experts to enable the promotion of clinical AI applications in radiology reports

    Cyclic oligomers in macromolecular and supramolecular chemistry

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    EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

    Anionic ring-opening polymerization of <img src='http://www.niscair.res.in/jinfo/smaller.gif' border=0>.<img src='http://www.niscair.res.in/jinfo/small.gif' border=0>-lactide

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    108-112Poly-.-lactide (PLA) homopolymer has been prepared by anionic ring-opening polymerization of .-lactide by potassium poly(ethylene glycol-200)ate. The influenced factors of polymerization such as the amount of the initiator, reaction period and temperature, concentration of Th monomer, feed way of the reaction mixture have been investigated. PLA with viscosity-average molecular weight of 5.5Ɨ104 has been obtained. The homopolymers are characterized by GPC, DSC, IR and 1HNMR

    Host-Induced Gene Silencing of Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Pathogenicity Genes Mediated by the Brome Mosaic Virus

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    Magnaporthe oryzae is a devastating plant pathogen, which has a detrimental impact on rice production worldwide. Despite its agronomical importance, some newly-emerging pathotypes often overcome race-specific disease resistance rapidly. It is thus desirable to develop a novel strategy for the long-lasting resistance of rice plants to ever-changing fungal pathogens. Brome mosaic virus (BMV)-induced RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a useful tool to study host-resistance genes for rice blast protection. Planta-generated silencing of targeted genes inside biotrophic pathogens can be achieved by expression of M. oryzae-derived gene fragments in the BMV-mediated gene silencing system, a technique termed host-induced gene silencing (HIGS). In this study, the effectiveness of BMV-mediated HIGS in M. oryzae was examined by targeting three predicted pathogenicity genes, MoABC1, MoMAC1 and MoPMK1. Systemic generation of fungal gene-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) molecules induced by inoculation of BMV viral vectors inhibited disease development and reduced the transcription of targeted fungal genes after subsequent M. oryzae inoculation. Combined introduction of fungal gene sequences in sense and antisense orientation mediated by the BMV silencing vectors significantly enhanced the efficiency of this host-generated trans-specific RNAi, implying that these fungal genes played crucial roles in pathogenicity. Collectively, our results indicated that BMV-HIGS system was a great strategy for protecting host plants against the invasion of pathogenic fungi

    Efficacy and safety of total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation vs. subtotal parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism: A retrospective study

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    Background: No consensus has been reached on the best surgical approach for secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). We evaluated the short-term and long-term efficacy and safety of total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (TPTXĀ +Ā AT) and subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPTX). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 140 patients undergoing TPTXĀ +Ā AT and 64 undergoing SPTX between 2010 and 2021 in Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, and carried out follow-up. We compared the differences in symptoms, serological examinations, complications and mortality between the two methods, and explored the independent risk factors of secondary hyperparathyroidism recurrence. Results: In short time after surgery, serum intact parathyroid hormone and calcium level was lower in TPTXĀ +Ā AT group than that in SPTX group (both PĀ <Ā 0.05). Severe hypocalcemia was more common in TPTX group (PĀ =Ā 0.003). The recurrent rate was 17.1% for TPTXĀ +Ā AT and 34.4% for SPTX (PĀ =Ā 0.006). There was no statistical difference in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality between the two methods. Higher preoperative serum phosphorus level (HR: 1.929 95% CI 1.045ā€“3.563, PĀ =Ā 0.011) and the SPTX surgical method (HR: 2.309, 95% CI 1.276ā€“4.176, PĀ =Ā 0.006) were found to be independent risk factors for SHPT recurrence. Conclusions: Compared with SPTX, TPTXĀ +Ā AT is more effective in reducing the recurrent risk of SHPT without increasing the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events
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