Appendix B. A table showing the initial vegetation characteristics and understory light availability among the four types of plots in August 2011.

A table showing the initial vegetation characteristics and understory light availability among the four types of plots in August 2011

Appendix A. A figure showing the paddock arrangement and experimental layout.

A figure showing the paddock arrangement and experimental layout

Data Files

Data File

Fig. S1 The experimental design.; Fig. S2 Vegetation in the small-scale experiments in August 2014.; Fig. S3 Microclimates in the both large- and small-scale experiments in August 2014.; Fig. S4 Vegetation in the large-scale experiments in August 2012. from Ecosystem engineering strengthens bottom-up and weakens top-down effects via trait-mediated indirect interactions

The experimental design for this study in a semi-arid low elevation grassland in Jilin Province in northern China.; Effects of sheep grazing and forb removal on plant community structure in the microcosm experiments in August 2014.; Microclimates in the both large- and small-scale experiments in August 2014.; Effects of sheep grazing (control versus grazed plots) on plant community structure in large-scale experimental plots in August 2012 immediately following the sheep grazing period