491 research outputs found
catena-Poly[[aqua(ethyl anilinophosphonato-κO)sodium(I)]-di-μ-aqua]
In the title compound, [Na(C8H11NO3P)(H2O)3]n, the sodium cation is octahedrally coordinated by five water molecules and one O-bonded ethyl anilinophosphonate anion. Four of the water molecules bridge to adjacent sodium ions, resulting in an infinite chain of edge-sharing NaO6 polyhedra. A network of N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds helps to stabilize the crystal structure
Design driven user study workshop for Chinese startup innovation
The paper illustrates a serial user study workshop designed for startups seeking disruptive innovation and business opportunities based on the lean process from the point view of user-centered design approach. In the Chinese market, business process moves fast. The product development cycle is relatively short which makes it easy to be interrupted and changed. Making sure the product is targeting the right marketing segment is the key to business success. Therefore, innovation has to be created on the true needs of the accurate end users. User-centered design approaches have the natural advantage to forge innovation by defining the problems of the existing products usage for the users and creating the solution that seamlessly meets the potential demands of the product users. This capability of user-centered design is extremely suitable for the early stage of the startup innovation process especially in the customer identification, market positioning, and business model generation. User study is located in the core of this user-centered innovation process. Performing a good user study ensures the product is aimed at users’ needs, which guarantees once the product is given birth it is already well-positioned in the market sharing. This is the key to the success of startup business. In this paper, a serial workshop covers the topics from what are the user study methods suitable for the lean startup innovation, how to conduct an effective interview, and how to synthesize users’ insights and find new business opportunities. By doing the workshop we try to answer the following questions which ultimately influence the nurturing process in the incubator about how design thinking can intervene to create radical innovation in startup teams: why the design driven user study is so important to the startup business? What is design thinking in the non-design background startuper’s mind and how can they incorporate the mindset in the business operation? What Chinese business environment impacts in the innovation process and how could the startups position the empathy for the users as the key for the product success
catena-Poly[[[diaquacobalt(II)]bis(μ-1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane-κ2 N:N′)] bis(perchlorate) bis(1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane) bis(2-methyl-4-nitroaniline)]
In the title compound, {[Co(C13H14N2)2(H2O)2](ClO4)2·2C13H14N2·2C7H8N2O2}n, the CoII ion lies on a crystallographic inversion center and is coordinated by four N atoms from four symmetry-related 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands and two O atoms from two water ligands in a slightly distorted octahedral coordination environment. The 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane ligands are doubly bridging and connect the CoII ions into one-dimensional chains. The asymmetric unit also contains one uncoordinated 1,3-di-4-pyridylpropane molecule, one 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline molecule and one perchlorate anion. In the crystal structure, intermolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds connect the one-dimensional chains into a two-dimensional network
Move and remove: Multi-task learning for building simplification in vector maps with a graph convolutional neural network
Diethylammonium anilino(methoxy)phosphinate
The title compound, [Et2NH2][(EtO)PO2(C6H5NH)] or C4H12N+·C8H11NO3P−, is a molecular salt with two anions containing PO3N groupings and two cations in the asymmetric unit. A network of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into a two-dimensional network
Reasoning cartographic knowledge in deep learning-based map generalization with explainable AI
Cartographic map generalization involves complex rules, and a full automation has still not been achieved, despite many efforts over the past few decades. Pioneering studies show that some map generalization tasks can be partially automated by deep neural networks (DNNs). However, DNNs are still used as black-box models in previous studies. We argue that integrating explainable AI (XAI) into a DL-based map generalization process can give more insights to develop and refine the DNNs by understanding what cartographic knowledge exactly is learned. Following an XAI framework for an empirical case study, visual analytics and quantitative experiments were applied to explain the importance of input features regarding the prediction of a pre-trained ResU-Net model. This experimental case study finds that the XAI-based visualization results can easily be interpreted by human experts. With the proposed XAI workflow, we further find that the DNN pays more attention to the building boundaries than the interior parts of the buildings. We thus suggest that boundary intersection over union is a better evaluation metric than commonly used intersection over union in qualifying raster-based map generalization results. Overall, this study shows the necessity and feasibility of integrating XAI as part of future DL-based map generalization development frameworks
Lamellar thickness and stretching temperature dependency of cavitation in semicrystalline polymers
Polybutene-1 (PB-1), a typical semicrystalline polymer, in its stable form I
shows a peculiar temperature dependent strain-whitening behavior when being
stretched at different temperatures where the extent of strain-whitening
weakens with the increasing of stretching temperature reaching a minima value
followed by an increase at higher stretching temperatures. Correspondingly, a
stronger strain-hardening phenomenon was observed at higher stretching
temperatures. The strain-whitening phenomenon in semicrystalline polymers has
its origin of cavitation process during stretching. In this work, the effect of
crystalline lamellar thickness and stretching temperature on the cavitation
process in PB-1 has been investigated by means of combined synchrotron
ultrasmall-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering techniques. It was found that,
with respect to the cavitation process, three modes of cavitation during the
stretching process can be identified, namely no cavitation for sample with the
thinnest lamellae where only shear yielding occurred, cavitation with
reorientation for the samples stretched at lower temperatures and samples with
thicker lamellae, and cavitation without reorientation for samples with thinner
lamellae stretched at higher temperatures. The mode cavitation with
reorientation occurs before yield point where the plate-like cavities start to
be generated within the lamellar stacks with normal perpendicular to the
stretching direction due to the blocky substructure of the crystalline lamellae
and reorient gradually to the stretching direction after strain-hardening. The
mode of cavitation without reorientation appears after yield point where
ellipsoidal shaped cavities are generated in those lamellae stacks with normal
parallel to the stretching direction followed by an improvement of their
orientation at larger strains.Comment: 14 pages, 13 figure
Tetraaquabis[1-(3-carboxyphenyl)-4,4′-bipyridin-1-ium-κN 1′]zinc bis(4,5-carboxybenzene-1,2-dicarboxylate) 2.5-hydrate
In the complex cation of the title compound, [Zn(C17H13N2O2)2(H2O)4](C10H4O8)2·2.5H2O, the ZnII atom, lying on an inversion center, is coordinated by two N atoms from two N-(3-carboxyphenyl)-4,4′-bipyridin-1-ium ligands and four water molecules in a distorted octahedral geometry. The pyromellitate anion is double deprotonated. O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the cations, anions and uncoordinated water molecules into a three-dimensional supramolecular network. One of the two lattice water molecules shows an occupancy of 0.25. An intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond is present in the anion
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