Oxobedfordia acid reduces colon cancer cell viability through apoptosis induction and inhibits colon cancer growth in mice model

Purpose: Colon cancer is amongst the most commonly diagnosed carcinoma globally and ranks 3rd highest of all the kinds of tumors. In the present study effect of oxobedfordia acid on colon cancer cell viability and colorectal tumor growth in vivo was investigated.Methods: Cytotoxicity of oxobedfordia acid in SW480, HCT116, and FHC cells was evaluated by MTT assay. Colon cancer in the mice was induced by implanting subcutaneously 2 x 106 HT-29 cells/mouse in the right flank. Various parameters, including cell viability, tumor growth and expression levels of cancer factors, were also assessed.Results: Treatment with oxobedfordia acid significantly reduced viability in SW480 and HCT116 cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, oxobedfordia acid caused increased miR-331-3p levels in cells. Moreover, oxobedfordia acid caused a significant reduction in NRP2 expression and increased apoptosis induction in SW480 and HCT116 cells. Oxobedfordia acid treatment for 48 h significantly increased p53 and p-c- Jun levels, but reduced Bcl-2 expression in cells (p < 0.05). In the mouse model of colon cancer, oxobedfordia acid significantly retarded tumor growth. Furthermore, in oxobedfordia acid-treated mice, expression of miR-331-3p was elevated while NRP2 level was lowered when compared with control group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Oxobedfordia acid treatment suppresses colon cancer cell viability and inhibits tumor growth in mice through enhancement of miR-331-3p and reduction in NRP2 expression. Hence, oxobedfordia acid can potentially be developed as an agent for the management of colorectal cancer.&nbsp

Boundary motion coupled with tensile and compressive deformation: TEM observation of twinning-like lattice reorientation in Mg micropillars

For magnesium and some other hexagonal-close-packed metals, twinning on the plane is a common mode of plastic deformation. Recently, we have used in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to monitor the deformation of submicron-sized single-crystal magnesium, in quantitative compression and tension tests (B-Y. Liu et al., Nature Commun. 2014). We have observed the reorientation of the parent lattice to a “twin” lattice, producing an orientational relationship akin to that of the conventional twinning. However, aberration-corrected TEM observations reveal that the boundary between the parent lattice and the “twin” lattice is composed of many segments of semi-coherent basal-prismatic (B-P) interfaces, instead of the twinning plane. Both TEM and molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the migration of this boundary is accomplished by B-P interfaces undergoing basal-prismatic transformation, in addition to the migration of the boundary of the extension twin. This deformation mode mimics conventional deformation twinning, but is distinct from the latter. It is a form of boundary motion coupled to stresses, but produces plastic strain that is not simple shear. The basal-prismatic transformation appears to be important under deformation conditions when the availability and/or mobility of twinning dislocations/disconnections are limited. As such, this new twist in lattice reorientation accompanying deformation twinning enriches the known repertoire of plasticity mechanisms