A romantika-kutatás legújabb fejleményei

<p>Funnel Plot Illustrating the Lack of Publication Bias in the Meta-analysis for CSS (A), RFS (B), OS (C), and the CSS Subgroup Analysis Comparing BC and UTUC (D).</p

Additional file 1 of Gut microbiota, circulating cytokines and dementia: a Mendelian randomization study

Additional file 1: The plots of MR analysis results

Prevalence of Suicide Attempts among College Students in China: A Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Suicide is the leading cause of death among 15–34 year olds in China, but no national data are available on the suicide and suicide attempts rates of college students, a sub-group of youth with 23 million. Several studies have reported the prevalence of suicide attempts among college students, however, no meta-analysis pooling the prevalence of suicide attempts is found.</p><p>Objective and Methods</p><p>This study aims to estimate the pooled prevalence of suicide attempts among college students in China. The relevant studies up to August 2014 were systematically searched via electronic databases (PubMed-Medline, Embase, Chinese Wanfang database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese VIP database). We only selected original articles that either reported the prevalence of suicide attempts or sufficient data for calculating the prevalence.</p><p>Results</p><p>A total of 29 eligible studies, with 88,225 college students, were finally included. The maximum and minimum reported prevalences of suicide attempts among college students in China were 0.4% and 10.5%, respectively. The pooled prevalence of suicide attempts was 2.8% (95%<i>CI</i>: 2.3%–3.3%). Subgroup analyses showed that the pooled estimate of prevalence of life time suicide attempts was 2.7% (95%<i>CI</i>: 2.1%–3.3%), and 12-month suicide attempts was 2.9% (95%<i>CI</i>: 2.0%–3.8%). The prevalence for males was 2.4% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.8%–3.0%), and for females was 2.7% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.9%–3.7%). The prevalences among college students in grade 1 through 4 were 2.8% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.7%–3.8%), 1.8% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.2%–2.3%), 2.0% (95%<i>CI</i>: 0.8%–3.1%), and 2.9% (95%<i>CI</i>: 0.1%–6.7%), respectively. The prevalences among college students from rural and urban areas were 5.1% (95%<i>CI</i>: 2.8%–7.5%) and 3.7% (95%<i>CI</i>: 1.4%–5.9%), respectively.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>2.8% prevalence of suicide attempts and more than 600,000 suicide attempters among college students indicate that suicide attempt among college students is an important public health problem in China. More attention should be paid to the current situation.</p></div

Key features of the included studies.

<p>Key features of the included studies.</p

Flow diagram of assessment of studies identified in the meta-analysis.

<p>Flow diagram of assessment of studies identified in the meta-analysis.</p

The prevalence of suicide attempt in different subgroup of college students in China.

<p>The prevalence of suicide attempt in different subgroup of college students in China.</p

Forest Plot Illustrating the Meta-analysis of the Prognostic Value of PA for CSS.

<p>Forest Plot Illustrating the Meta-analysis of the Prognostic Value of PA for CSS.</p

Main Characteristics of all Studies Included in the Meta-analysis.

<p>Main Characteristics of all Studies Included in the Meta-analysis.</p

Forest Plot Illustrating the Subgroup Analysis of the Prognostic Value of PA for CSS in BC and UTUC.

<p>Forest Plot Illustrating the Subgroup Analysis of the Prognostic Value of PA for CSS in BC and UTUC.</p

Effects of Secondary Reactions on the Destruction of Cellulose-Derived Volatiles during Biomass/Coal Co-gasification

The purpose of this study was to reveal the structural evolution of cellulose-derived tars in the biomass/coal co-gasification environment. A two-stage reactor was employed, where the pyrolytic vapors of cellulose were produced in the top stage and the secondary reactions of these vapors took place in the bottom stage under a range of conditions. The roles of anthracite char and steam were examined by implementing three operational modes in the bottom stage: thermal cracking (TC), catalytic cracking (CC), and catalytic reforming (CR), over a temperature range from 600 to 900 °C. Anthracite char was effective in enhancing tar reduction at lower temperatures (≤700 °C), above which its effect diminished. Tar yields under the CC and CR modes were comparable in the studied temperature range, suggesting the minimum effects of steam on the tar amount. However, gel permeation chromatography coupled with a diode array detector (GPC–DAD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) characterization of tars showed that both anthracite char and steam had significant influence on the composition of tar, in terms of the molecular weight distribution and aromatic cluster sizes. Specifically, at a high temperature (900 °C), the presence of anthracite char facilitated the reduction of aromatic compounds, especially those with larger aromatic ring systems (≥3 fused benzene rings). In addition, the used anthracite chars showed lowered specific surface areas, which was postulated to be the main reason for their slightly reduced gasification reactivity