An Improved dipole-moment model based on near-field scanning for characterizing near-field coupling and far-field radiation from an IC

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) problems are critical issues in wireless platform design. The accurate noise model of integrated circuits (ICs) is needed to help designers to diagnose and predict RFI problems. In this dissertation, an improved IC radiated emission model based on near-field measurements is proposed. The regularization technique and the truncated SVD method are employed together with the least square method to calculate the dipole moments from the near-field data. This dipole model has clear physical meaning: the electric and magnetic dipoles represent the voltage and the current in the circuit, respectively. One application of this dipole model is the prediction of heat sink radiation. In order to accurately predict the fields excited by a heat sink, an approach is proposed in this paper to include the exact excitation of the heat sink, which is described by some dipole moments constructed from the near-field scanning of the integrated circuit beneath the heat sink. Another contribution of the work is the proposal of effective dielectric properties of layered media for cavity model applications. With the effective properties. the cavity model can be generalized for either parallel plates or metal enclosures containing multiple dielectric layers. In the fourth paper a unified s-parameter (multimode s-parameter) representation for a multiport passive structure is proposed. Both mixed-mode and single-ended s-parameters arc included in the unified representation, which makes it more convenient to characterize structures --Abstract, page iv

Emerging Wettabilities and their applications of water, oil and liquid metals

Over the past ten years, interfacial materials system, superwettability with water and oil, have been widely studied and utilized in practical applications such as self-cleaning, oil/water separation, water collection, anti-fogging, and anti-icing. Although the materials with superwettability show excellent performance of applications compared with the traditional methodology, they still suffer from various disadvantages including poor durability, high cost and complex preparation method. So, design and simple fabrication of advanced superwettability materials with low cost, good chemical and mechanical stability are of significance in environmental safety, water resource shortage, and other domains. Furthermore, new interfacial materials system, liquid metal/liquid/solid type wettability, has been attracted increasing attentions in recent years due to the unique and superior chemical properties of room temperature liquid metals. New applications and phenomena have been explored in the field of electronics, optics, fluid dynamics, and robots

An Automatically Tuning Intrusion Detection System

An intrusion detection system (IDS) is a security layer used to detect ongoing intrusive activities in information systems. Traditionally, intrusion detection relies on extensive knowledge of security experts, in particular, on their familiarity with the computer system to be protected. To reduce this dependence, various data-mining and machine learning techniques have been deployed for intrusion detection. An IDS is usually working in a dynamically changing environment, which forces continuous tuning of the intrusion detection model, in order to maintain sufficient performance. The manual tuning process required by current systems depends on the system operators in working out the tuning solution and in integrating it into the detection model. In this paper, an automatically tuning IDS (ATIDS) is presented. The proposed system will automatically tune the detection model on-the-fly according to the feedback provided by the system operator when false predictions are encountered. The system is evaluated using the KDDCup\u2799 intrusion detection dataset. Experimental results show that the system achieves up to 35% improvement in terms of misclassification cost when compared with a system lacking the tuning feature. If only 10% false predictions are used to tune the model, the system still achieves about 30% improvement. Moreover, when tuning is not delayed too long, the system can achieve about 20% improvement, with only 1.3% of the false predictions used to tune the model. The results of the experiments show that a practical system can be built based on ATIDS: system operators can focus on verification of predictions with low confidence, as only those predictions determined to be false will be used to tune the detection model

Analysis of Noise Coupling from Printed Circuit Board to Shielding Enclosure

The power distribution network in a printed circuit board (PCB) inside a compact-size enclosure is an effective path for high-speed digital noise to be coupled to the RF receivers inside the same enclosure, causing RF interference (RFI) issues. This noise coupling mechanism from PCB to shielding enclosure is investigated in this paper using the cavity model and the segmentation technique. In this approach, the structure of an enclosure with a PCB inside is divided into cavities with both horizontal and vertical connections. Modeling result agrees well with full wave simulations, and the simulation time is considerably reduced. Furthermore, the relationship among the noise coupling, the PCB-related resonances, and the enclosure-related resonances is studied as well

Up-regulation of CNDP2 facilitates the proliferation of colon cancer

BACKGROUND: Cytosolic nonspecific dipetidase (CN2) belongs to the family of M20 metallopeptidases. It was stated in previous articles that higher expression levels of CN2 were observed in renal cell carcinoma and breast cancer. Our study explored the correlation between CN2 and colon carcinogenesis. METHODS: We analysed the relationship between 183 patients clinicopathological characteristics and its CN2 expression. To detect the levels of CN2 in colon cancer cell lines and colon cancer tissues by western blot. To verify cell proliferation in colon cancer cells with knockdown of CNDP2 and explore the causes of these phenomena. RESULTS: The expression levels of CN2 in clinical colon tumors and colon cancer cell lines were significantly higher than that in normal colon mucosa and colon cell lines. The difference in CN2 levels was associated with tumor location (right- and left-sided colon cancer), but there was no significant association with age, gender, tumor size, tumor grade, tumor stage or serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Knockdown of CNDP2 inhibited cell proliferation, blocked cell cycle progression and retarded carcinogenesis in an animal model. The signaling pathway through which knockdown of CNDP2 inhibited cell proliferation and tumorigenesis involved in EGFR, cyclin B1 and cyclin E. CONCLUSIONS: Knockdown of CNDP2 can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer in vitro and retarded carcinogenesis in vivo

Experimental study of drying characteristics and mathematical modeling for air drying of germinated brown rice

In view of existing problems in the drying process of germinated brown rice (GBR), the self-made hot air drying test system was utilized. The drying medium temperature and wind speed were selected as the drying parameters, and different constraints were set for the test. The effects of the drying medium temperature and wind speed on the drying rate and unit energy consumption were examined, and the drying mathematical models of GBR were established. The results perceived that as the temperature rose, and the wind speed increased, the drying rate increased accordingly. When the temperature was above 95°C, wind speed exceeded 3.6 m/s; the drying rate would not change deliberately. When the temperature of the drying medium rose, the change rate during the drying preheating stage and the deceleration stage increased sharply, whereas the drying rate in the constant-speed drying stage increased, and the drying time was greatly shortened. Unit energy consumption decreased with the increase of temperature and increased with increasing wind speed. Furthermore, when the drying temperature was ranged between 50°C and 80°C, the unit energy consumption changed meaningfully; when the medium temperature was between 80°C and 110°C, the unit heat consumption turned slowly. Wang and Singh’s model could best simulate the drying process of GBR within the experimental settings. And then comparing the RMSE and under the various dry conditions, the data of Wang and Singh model were between 1.6% - 2.8% and 2.5×10-4 - 5×10-4. The R2 values of the model were higher than 0.98

CD24 Expression as a Marker for Predicting Clinical Outcome in Human Gliomas

CD24 is overexpressed in glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. However, the correlation of its expression with clinicopathological parameters of gliomas and its prognostic significance in this tumor remain largely unknown. To address this problem, 151 glioma specimens and 10 nonneoplastic brain tissues were collected. Quantitative real-time PCR, immunochemistry assay, and Western blot analysis were carried out to investigate the expression of CD24. As per the results, CD24 was overexpressed in gliomas. Its expression levels in glioma tissues with higher grade (P < 0.001) and lower KPS (P < 0.001) were significantly higher than those with lower grade and higher KPS, respectively. Cox multifactor analysis showed that CD24 (P = 0.02) was an independent prognosis factor for human glioma. Our data provides convincing evidence for the first time that the overexpression of CD24 at gene and protein levels is correlated with advanced clinicopathological parameters and poor prognosis in patients with glioma

Electrochemically Inert g-C3N4 Promotes Water Oxidation Catalysis

Electrode surface wettability is critically important for heterogeneous electrochemical reactions taking place in aqueous and nonaqueous media. Herein, electrochemically inert g-C 3 N 4 (GCN) is successfully demonstrated to significantly enhance water oxidation by constructing a superhydrophilic catalyst surface and promoting substantial exposure of active sites. As a proof-of-concept application, superhydrophilic GCN/Ni(OH) 2 (GCNN) hybrids with monodispersed Ni(OH) 2 nanoplates strongly anchored on GCN are synthesized for enhanced water oxidation catalysis. Owing to the superhydrophilicity of functionalized GCN, the surface wettability of GCNN (contact angle 0°) is substantially improved as compared with bare Ni(OH) 2 (contact angle 21°). Besides, GCN nanosheets can effectively suppress Ni(OH) 2 aggregation to help expose more active sites. Benefiting from the well-defined catalyst surface, the optimal GCNN hybrid shows significantly enhanced electrochemical performance over bare Ni(OH) 2 nanosheets, although GCN is electrochemically inert. In addition, similar catalytic performance promotion resulting from wettability improvement induced by incorporation of hydrophilic GCN is also successfully demonstrated on Co(OH) 2 . The present results demonstrate that, in addition to developing new catalysts, building efficient surface chemistry is also vital to achieve extraordinary water oxidation performance