A Model for Classical Space-time Co-ordinates

Field equations with general covariance are interpreted as equations for a target space describing physical space time co-ordinates, in terms of an underlying base space with conformal invariance. These equations admit an infinite number of inequivalent Lagrangian descriptions. A model for reparametrisation invariant membranes is obtained by reversing the roles of base and target space variables in these considerations.Comment: 9 pages, Latex. This was the basis of a talk given at the Argonne National Laboratory 1996 Summer Institute : Topics on Non-Abelian Duality June 27-July 1

Доверие как основа партнерского взаимодействия малых предприятий и банков

The presented study touches upon two groups of problems that significantly affect the development of the Russian economy. The first of them is the creation of conditions for the expansion and formation of small business, which, in particular, is a priority area of one of the national projects. The second problem is the establishment of relations of interfirm trust in the domestic business environment, which is in demand in various sectors of the economy and has become, for example, the dominant topic of the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum. Hence, the paper aims to form, on the basis of trust relations, a model of interaction between small enterprises and banks, which makes it easier to obtain loans. The object of the paper is intercorporate (B2B) trust, and the subject is the improvement of relationships between small businesses and banks on the basis of trust. The methodological basis of the study is an integral approach that combines both institutional and sociological views on the phenomenon of trust, and the traditional economic analysis of the relationship between banks and their clients, small enterprises. The analysis showed, on the one hand, the complexity of the relationship between banks and small enterprises, and on the other hand, the prospects of these clients for banks. There was also demonstrated the role of the B2B trust as a tool for establishing steady mutually beneficial contacts of the subjects under consideration. The author concluded that the model of partnership between small enterprises and banks, based on the establishment of relations of trust between the parties, will stimulate investment processes in small business and support its development. The study presents the organizational solutions for the establishment of the proposed model.В исследовании затронуты две группы проблем, существенно влияющих на развитие российской экономики. Первая из них — создание условий для расширения и становления малого бизнеса, что, в частности, является приоритетным направлением одного из национальных проектов. Вторая проблема — налаживание отношений межфирменного доверия в отечественной бизнес-среде, что востребовано различными сферами экономики и стало, к примеру, доминантой Петербургского международного экономического форума. Отсюда цель работы — формирование на основе отношений доверия модели взаимодействия малых предприятий и банков, облегчающей получение заемных средств. Объект исследования — межкорпоративное доверие, а предмет — совершенствование взаимоотношений малых предприятий и банков на основе доверия. Методологической основой исследования стал интегральный подход, объединивший как институциональные и социологические взгляды на феномен доверия, так и традиционный экономический анализ взаимоотношений банков со своими клиентами — малыми предприятиями. Проведенный анализ показал, с одной стороны, сложности взаимоотношений банков и малых предприятий, а с другой — перспективность данных клиентов для банков. Также продемонстрирована роль межфирменного доверия как инструмента налаживания устойчивых взаимовыгодных контактов рассматриваемых субъектов. Сделан вывод, что модель партнерского взаимодействия малых предприятий и банков, опирающаяся на налаживание отношений доверия сторон, позволит активизировать инвестиционные процессы в малом бизнесе и будет способствовать его развитию. Представлены организационные решения по налаживанию практической работы предложенной модели

Formation of singularities on the surface of a liquid metal in a strong electric field

The nonlinear dynamics of the free surface of an ideal conducting liquid in a strong external electric field is studied. It is establish that the equations of motion for such a liquid can be solved in the approximation in which the surface deviates from a plane by small angles. This makes it possible to show that on an initially smooth surface for almost any initial conditions points with an infinite curvature corresponding to branch points of the root type can form in a finite time.Comment: 14 page

Conditional Lie-B\"acklund symmetry and reduction of evolution equations.

We suggest a generalization of the notion of invariance of a given partial differential equation with respect to Lie-B\"acklund vector field. Such generalization proves to be effective and enables us to construct principally new Ans\"atze reducing evolution-type equations to several ordinary differential equations. In the framework of the said generalization we obtain principally new reductions of a number of nonlinear heat conductivity equations $u_t=u_{xx}+F(u,u_x)$ with poor Lie symmetry and obtain their exact solutions. It is shown that these solutions can not be constructed by means of the symmetry reduction procedure.Comment: 12 pages, latex, needs amssymb., to appear in the "Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General" (1995

Our private data and the market for third-party providers of functionality to websites

Your personal information is out there. You did not give it out, so how did it get there? Internet websites provide visitors with different levels of interaction, ranging from delivering basic information to providing sophisticated features and tools such as profile management, interactive visual communication, and of course, advertising. Like many traditional businesses, websites turn to third-party outsourcing to offer these features and tools. Such services include functionality (password and account control, social media integration, video hosting, chat and forum services, payment services, etc.), performance (backup service, security and firewalls, responsiveness tools, etc.) and targeting/advertising (advertising, lead generation, analytics, etc.)