Effect of sagittal imbalance of the spine on the new fracture in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty

Objective To explore the correlation between sagittal imbalance of the spine and new fractures after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF), providing a new idea for preventing new fracture. Methods Patients with OVCF admitted to The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital for PKP surgery between February 2020 and June 2023 were included in this retrospective study. Sixty-four patients with new fracture after surgery were selected as the study group, and 64 patients without new fracture were selected as the control group. The differences of sagittal spinal parameters between the two groups at 1 year after operation were analyzed and compared. Meanwhile, postoperative VAS scores, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The age, postoperative VAS score and ODI of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group, while postoperative JOA score was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05). The pelvic tilt (PT) ((22.66°±2.41° vs 20.36°±3.68°,t=4.18,P＜0.01) and thoracic kyphosis (TK) (45.95°±4.87° vs 40.22°±4.22°,t=7.12,P＜0.01) of the study group were higher than those of the control group, while the sacral slope (SS) (23.44°±6.35° vs 28.47°±5.46°,t=4.81,P＜0.01), pelvic incidence (PI) (46.09°±5.57° vs 48.83°±5.46°,t=2.80,P＜0.01) and lumbar lordosis (LL) (39.06°±6.08° vs 44.30°±6.20°,t=4.83,P＜0.01) were lower than those of the control group. Conclusion Sagittal imbalance of the spine is closely related to the occurrence of new vertebral fracture after PKP in patients with OVCFs

WOMD-LiDAR: Raw Sensor Dataset Benchmark for Motion Forecasting

Widely adopted motion forecasting datasets substitute the observed sensory inputs with higher-level abstractions such as 3D boxes and polylines. These sparse shapes are inferred through annotating the original scenes with perception systems' predictions. Such intermediate representations tie the quality of the motion forecasting models to the performance of computer vision models. Moreover, the human-designed explicit interfaces between perception and motion forecasting typically pass only a subset of the semantic information present in the original sensory input. To study the effect of these modular approaches, design new paradigms that mitigate these limitations, and accelerate the development of end-to-end motion forecasting models, we augment the Waymo Open Motion Dataset (WOMD) with large-scale, high-quality, diverse LiDAR data for the motion forecasting task. The new augmented dataset WOMD-LiDAR consists of over 100,000 scenes that each spans 20 seconds, consisting of well-synchronized and calibrated high quality LiDAR point clouds captured across a range of urban and suburban geographies (https://waymo.com/open/data/motion/). Compared to Waymo Open Dataset (WOD), WOMD-LiDAR dataset contains 100x more scenes. Furthermore, we integrate the LiDAR data into the motion forecasting model training and provide a strong baseline. Experiments show that the LiDAR data brings improvement in the motion forecasting task. We hope that WOMD-LiDAR will provide new opportunities for boosting end-to-end motion forecasting models.Comment: Dataset website: https://waymo.com/open/data/motion

3D-QSAR Studies on Thiazolidin-4-one S1P1 Receptor Agonists by CoMFA and CoMSIA

Selective S1P1 receptor agonists have therapeutic potential to treat a variety of immune-mediated diseases. A series of 2-imino-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives displaying potent S1P1 receptor agonistic activity were selected to establish 3D-QSAR models using CoMFA and CoMSIA methods. Internal and external cross-validation techniques were investigated as well as some measures including region focusing, progressive scrambling, bootstraping and leave-group-out. The satisfactory CoMFA model predicted a q2 value of 0.751 and an r2 value of 0.973, indicating that electrostatic and steric properties play a significant role in potency. The best CoMSIA model, based on a combination of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and H-bond donor descriptors, predicted a q2 value of 0.739 and an r2 value of 0.923. The models were graphically interpreted using contour plots which gave more insight into the structural requirements for increasing the activity of a compound, providing a solid basis for future rational design of more active S1P1 receptor agonists

BMP-6 promotes E-cadherin expression through repressing δEF1 in breast cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) is critically involved in many developmental processes. Recent studies indicate that BMP-6 is closely related to tumor differentiation and metastasis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the expression of BMP-6, E-cadherin, and δEF1 at the mRNA level in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, as well as in 16 breast cancer specimens. Immunoblot analysis was used to measure the expression of δEF1 at the protein level in δEF1-overexpressing and δEF1-interfered MDA-MB-231 cells. Luciferase assay was used to determine the rhBMP-6 or δEF1 driven transcriptional activity of the E-cadherin promoter in MDA-MB-231 cells. Quantitative CHIP assay was used to detect the direct association of δEF1 with the E-cadherin proximal promoter in MDA-MB-231 cells.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>MCF-7 breast cancer cells, an ER⁺cell line that expressed high levels of BMP-6 and E-cadherin exhibited very low levels of δEF1 transcript. In contrast, MDA-MB-231 cells, an ER^-cell line had significantly reduced BMP-6 and E-cadherin mRNA levels, suggesting an inverse correlation between BMP-6/E-cadherin and δEF1. To determine if the same relationship exists in human tumors, we examined tissue samples of breast cancer from human subjects. In 16 breast cancer specimens, the inverse correlation between BMP-6/E-cadherin and δEF1 was observed in both ER⁺cases (4 of 8 cases) and ER^-cases (7 of 8 cases). Further, we found that BMP-6 inhibited δEF1 transcription, resulting in an up-regulation of E-cadherin mRNA expression. This is consistent with our analysis of the E-cadherin promoter demonstrating that BMP-6 was a potent transcriptional activator. Interestingly, ectopic expression of δEF1 was able to block BMP-6-induced transactivation of E-cadherin, whereas RNA interference-mediated down-regulation of endogenous δEF1 in breast cancer cells abolished E-cadherin transactivation by BMP-6. In addition to down-regulating the expression of δEF1, BMP-6 also physically dislodged δEF1 from E-cadherin promoter to allow the activation of E-cadherin transcription.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We conclude that repression of δEF1 plays a key role in mediating BMP-6-induced transcriptional activation of E-cadherin in breast cancer cells. Consistent with the fact that higher level of δEF1 expression is associated with more invasive phenotype of breast cancer cells, our collective data suggests that δEF1 is likely the switch through which BMP-6 restores E-cadherin-mediated cell-to-cell adhesion and prevents breast cancer metastasis.</p

Compare of three ways of synthesis of simple Schiff base

In this paper we propose the synthesis of (E)-4-methyl-N-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzylidene) benzenamine in different ways and compare of the way of synthesize it. As a result, microwave irradiation is the simple way to synthesis this Schiff base

Synthesis of 1-benzyl-3-chloro-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)azetidin-2-one

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