A Study on the Historical Development of China’s Sports Dream

China’s sports dream was profoundly influenced by traditional Chinese culture in ancient China. At that time, the primary purpose of sports was bodybuilding, health preserving and entertainment. The ruling class never advocated even suppressed the phenomenon of emphasizing literacy and military force for the need of their ruling. In semi-colonial and semi-feudal old China, with the foreign invasion and inside corruption, modern sports were introduced to China and the China’s sports dream had a strong sense of survival and participation. However, sports level as a whole was not high. At present, with the rejuvenation of Chinese nation’s “Chinese Dream”, combining with Chinese excellent traditional culture, China plays a vital role in realizing China’s sports dream,  promoting Chinese sports soft power, shaping China’s international sporting image, eliminating alienation in modern sports and establishing new international sports order

Research on Control Strategy of Hamiltonian Theory for Large Telescope Based on SAPMSM

The azimuth axis drive and control of large telescopes based on Segmented Arc Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (SAPMSM) is a current research hotspot, and issues such as unknown parameters and external interference are important factors affecting its tracking accuracy. This paper proposes a SAPMSM perturbation suppression strategy for large telescopes based on port-controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) theory. In this study, the Hamiltonian mathematical model of SAPMSM is established and the current controller of the SAPMSM is designed to reduce harmonics by configuring the required interconnection and damping matrix. In order to further improve the accuracy and anti-disturbance performance of speed feedback, a Generalized Proportional Integral Observer (GPIO) is selected for total disturbance observation, estimation and compensation. The experimental results indicated that the algorithm proposed in this paper has lower harmonic content in the phase current of the SAPMSM, which can ensure good position tracking ability and anti-interference performance of large telescopes

Comparison of the melting properties of glass substrates for thin film transistor liquid crystal display and organic light-emitting diode

The melting properties of two kinds of glass substrates for thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) were investigated. Chemical reaction process of the batches was similar for two substrates determined by DSC-TG test. The ascending behavior of bubbles with different fining agents of two substrates were studied by High-temperature imaging observation (HTO) test. Viscosity and surface tension for the glass melt were investigated. The results showed that tin dioxide (SnO2) exhibited better fining effect than stannous oxide (SnO), both for TFT-LCD and OLED substrates. For OLED substrate, it took more time to approximate the steady state for fining process due to its higher viscosity and higher surface tension. The molten resistance of these two substrates was also determined, which could provide some reference for the design of electrode in mass production. And the effect of grain size distribution of main raw material silica sand on the melting quality of bulk glass samples was also developed. Silica sand with 150–200 mesh exhibited the best melting and fining effect

Residential exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and the association with miscarriage risk: a 2-year prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: The hypothesis of whether exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) may increase miscarriage risk is controversial. A 2-year prospective cohort study was designed to study the association between exposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields (MF) and the miscarriage risk for women residing in the area of the Pearl-River Delta of China. METHOD: Two towns with densely distributed power supply constructions were selected as the study sites. From 2010 to 2012, 552 women in the region who were at approximately 8 weeks of gestation or who planned to have a baby within 1 year were selected as candidate subjects. Exposure to MF was estimated by measurements at their front doors and in the alley in front of the subjects' houses. The average exposure level was used as a cutoff point to define the exposed group. Clinical miscarriage was diagnosed by local obstetricians. Staffs from the local population and family planning service stations were responsible for the follow-up interviews every 2 months. RESULTS: Four hundred and thirteen pregnant women were selected for the cohort study. The average residential exposure to MF was 0.099 µT. No significantly increased risk of miscarriage was found to be associated with the average front-door exposure (p>0.05). However, miscarriage risk was found to be significantly associated with maximum alley exposure (p=0.001). The relative risk (RR) of miscarriage from maximum alley exposure was 2.35 (95% C.I.: 1.18-4.71). In addition, Cox regression analysis showed that the adjusted hazard ratio of maximum alley exposure for miscarriage was 1.72 (95% C.I.:1.10-2.69). CONCLUSION: Although the miscarriage incidence was shown to be positively associated with the maximum alley MF exposure, the association between miscarriage risk and the exposure to MF was not confirmed in the study. The results of this study are of interest concerning MF exposure assessment and pregnancy outcomes

miR-181a Induces Macrophage Polarized to M2 Phenotype and Promotes M2 Macrophage-mediated Tumor Cell Metastasis by Targeting KLF6 and C/EBPα

Macrophages can acquire a variety of polarization status and functions: classically activated macrophages (M1 macrophages); alternatively activated macrophages (M2 macrophages). However, the molecular basis of the process is still unclear. Here, this study addresses that microRNA-181a (miR-181a) is a key molecule controlling macrophage polarization. We found that miR-181a is overexpressed in M2 macrophages than in M1 macrophages. miR-181a expression was decreased when M2 phenotype converted to M1, whereas it increased when M1 phenotype converted to M2. Overexpression of miR-181a in M1 macrophages diminished M1 phenotype expression while promoting polarization to the M2 phenotype. In contrast, knockdown of miR-181a in M2 macrophages promoted M1 polarization and diminished M2 phenotype expression. Mechanistically, Bioinformatic analysis revealed that Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBPα) is a potential target of miR-181a and luciferase assay confirmed that KLF6 and C/EBPα translation is suppressed by miR-181a through interaction with the 3′UTR of KLF6 and C/EBPα mRNA. Further analysis showed that induction of miR-181a suppressed KLF6 and C/EBPα protein expression. Importantly, miR-181a also diminishes M2 macrophages-mediated migration and invasion capacity of tumor cells. Collectively, our results suggest that miR-181a plays a significant role in regulating macrophage polarization through directly target KLF6 and C/EBPα

Association between Miscarriage and Exposure to Risk Factors.

<p>Note: β, regression coefficient; SE, standard error; exposure to 50 Hz MF in the Cox regression is the measured values at the front door or in the alley in front of the subjects’ houses. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox regression analysis; <b>^<i>a</i></b>, the front door MF exposure was retained in the model.</p

Miscarriage Incidence of the Subjects.

<p>Note: CI, cumulative incidence; ID, incidence density; PY, person year*, tested by chi-square, p<0.05.</p

Classification of the Exposed Women and the Controls (N).

<p>Classification of the Exposed Women and the Controls (N).</p

Pregnancy of Candidate Subjects (N, %).

<p>Note: y, years of observation</p