Experiment Study on Local Scouring Depth around Pile Permeable Spur Dikes

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Spent lithium manganate batteries for sustainable recycling: A review

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) account for the majority of energy storage devices due to their long service life, high energy density, environmentally friendly, and other characteristics. Although the cathode materials of LIB led by LiFePO4 (LFP), LiCoO2 (LCO), and LiNixCoyMn1-x-yO2 (NCM) occupy the majority of the market share at present, the demand of LiMn2O4 (LMO) cathode battery is also increasing year by year in recent years. With the rising price of various raw materials of LIBs and the need of environmental protection, the efficient recycling of spent LIBs has become a hot research topic. At present, the recycling of spent LIBs mainly focuses on LFP, LCO, and NCM batteries. However, with the continuous improvement of people’s safety of LIBs, LiMnxFe1-xPO4 (LMFP) batteries show better potential, which also improves the recycling value of LMO batteries. Therefore, this paper reviews current methods of spent LMO recovery, focusing on the characteristics of the recovery and separation process, which can serve as a reference for subsequent research on LMO recovery, increasing environmentally friendly recovery routes. Finally, the future development direction of LIBs recycling is prospected. Overall, this review is helpful to understand the current progress of LMO battery recycling

A Review on Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Wastewater Treatment

In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI), as a rapidly developing and powerful tool to solve practical problems, has attracted much attention and has been widely used in various areas. Owing to their strong learning and accurate prediction abilities, all sorts of AI models have also been applied in wastewater treatment (WWT) to optimize the process, predict the efficiency and evaluate the performance, so as to explore more cost-effective solutions to WWT. In this review, we summarize and analyze various AI models and their applications in WWT. Specifically, we briefly introduce the commonly used AI models and their purposes, advantages and disadvantages, and comprehensively review the inputs, outputs, objectives and major findings of particular AI applications in water quality monitoring, laboratory-scale research and process design. Although AI models have gained great success in WWT-related fields, there are some challenges and limitations that hinder the widespread applications of AI models in real WWT, such as low interpretability, poor model reproducibility and big data demand, as well as a lack of physical significance, mechanism explanation, academic transparency and fair comparison. To overcome these hurdles and successfully apply AI models in WWT, we make recommendations and discuss the future directions of AI applications

Influence of stocking density on growth, digestive enzyme activities, immune responses, antioxidant of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings in biofloc systems

A 120-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different stocking densities on growth, the non-specific immunities, antioxidant status and digestive enzyme activities of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings under a zero-water exchange biofloc system. Tilapias (0.51 ± 0.05 g) were randomly distributed in twelve tanks, each with 300 L water. The experimental design was completely randomized using three replications with four treatments 166 orgs m−3 (LD, low density), 333 orgs m−3 (MD, middle density) and 600 orgs m−3 (HD, high density) with glucose added as biofloc groups, and a clear water group without glucose added as a control 333 orgs m−3. The fish cultured in LD and MD group showed higher final body weight. For the digestive enzymes, the lipase, trypsin, and amylase activities were all depressed in HD group and control group. Regarding the immune and antioxidant abilities, significantly lower values (P < 0.05) of the lysozyme, complement 3, and glutathione were observed for the fish that reared in the control group and HD group. The stress indicator, the cortisol, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and glucose concentrations were also depressed in HD group and control group, meanwhile the alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were all higher in HD group and control group. The significant higher survival was observed in the LD and MD group after Vibrio harveyi challenge test. The results of the experiment indicated that the biofloc in situ had the effects of anti-crowding stress.</p

Experimental realization of a CMOS-compatible optical directed priority encoder using cascaded micro-ring resonators

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an integrated optical device that can implement the logical function of priority encoding from a 4-bit electrical signal to a 2-bit optical signal. For the proof of concept, the thermo-optic modulation scheme is adopted to tune each micro-ring resonator (MRR). A monochromatic light with the working wavelength is coupled into the input port of the device through a lensed fiber, and the four input electrical logic signals regarded as pending encode signals are applied to the micro-heaters above four MRRs to control the working states of the optical switches. The encoding results are directed to the output ports in the form of light. At last, the logical function of priority encoding with an operation speed of 10 Kbps is demonstrated successfully

Visualization 1: Accurate calculation of computer-generated holograms using angular-spectrum layer-oriented method

The optical reconstruction of a rotating hall. Originally published in Optics Express on 05 October 2015 (oe-23-20-25440