High compression ratio image processing techniques using combinations of WT and IFS

Many works of compressing image based on wavelet transformation have been presented in recent years. Also, the method of fractals is used in this field. The first method uses the pyramid subband decomposition, and the second takes advantage of the self-similarity between the basic image and subimages. We combine these two methods as a hybrid algorithm to complete the image compression. The experiments show that this method has a better performance than many others, especially, in a high compression ratio situation. A comparison with the famous embedded zero tree wavelet (EZW) algorithm shows that its performance is close to the EZW algorithm.published_or_final_versio

On the multiple-access capacity of multitone-CDMA communications

This letter derives a bit-error-probability expression for an asynchronous multitone-code-division multiple access (CDMA) system and shows that the multiple-access (MA) capacity of this system is identical to that of a conventional (single-carrier) direct-sequence spread-spectrum system under conditions of equal bandwidth and equal bit rate. It is also shown that using more subcarriers to increase the processing gain does not increase the MA capacity.published_or_final_versio

NOMA Enhanced 5G Distributed Vehicle to Vehicle Communication for Connected Autonomous Vehicles

Connected autonomous vehicles (CAV) holds great potentials of improving road safety and efficiency. However ultra reliability and low latency vehicle to everything (V2X) communication service is required to fully unleash the potentials of CAV. In this paper we investigate distributed vehicle to vehicle (V2V) for CAV, which supports not only broadcast but also multicast/unicast communications. Power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is applied to deal with the CAV traffic patterns, which are different from those in the traditional connected vehicle applications. With NOMA the signals for long range broadcast with major power and signals for short range neighbors with small power can be superposed in one transmission. With the application of NOMA the channel load can be reduced and communication reliability and latency will be improved. The framework and operation of NOMA enhanced distributed V2V system are designed. Qualitative and quantitative benefits of the proposed scheme are analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can achieve a gain of more than 80% on network capacity under the investigated scenarios, with large performance improvement in terms of communication throughput and reliability

Optimal designs for an additive quadratic mixture model involving the amount of mixture

This paper is concerned with D- and A-optimal designs for a quadratic additive model for experiments with mixtures, in which the response depends not only on the relative proportions but also on the actual amounts of the mixture components. It is found that the origin and vertices of the simplex are support points of these optimal designs, and when the number of mixture components increases, other support points shift gradually from barycentres of depth 1 to barycentres of higher depths. It is shown that the D-optimal designs have high efficiency in terms of A-optimality, and vice versa.published_or_final_versio

Metallic 1T Phase, 3d1 Electronic Configuration and Charge Density Wave Order in Molecular Beam Epitaxy Grown Monolayer Vanadium Ditelluride.

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of monolayer vanadium ditelluride, VTe2, grown on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite by molecular-beam epitaxy. Using various in situ microscopic and spectroscopic techniques, including scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, synchrotron X-ray and angle-resolved photoemission, and X-ray absorption, together with theoretical analysis by density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate direct evidence of the metallic 1T phase and 3d1 electronic configuration in monolayer VTe2 that also features a (4 × 4) charge density wave order at low temperatures. In contrast to previous theoretical predictions, our element-specific characterization by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism rules out a ferromagnetic order intrinsic to the monolayer. Our findings provide essential knowledge necessary for understanding this interesting yet less explored metallic monolayer in the emerging family of van der Waals magnets

High-yield cellulase production in solid-state fermentation by Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 using water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)

In this study, the strain Trichoderma reesei SEMCC-3.217 was used for producing cellulase in solid-state fermentation with water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The results of fractional factorial design showed that, the addition amount of wheat bran, (NH4)2SO4, CaCl2 and Tween 80 had significant effect on the cellulase production. Then, these four factors were selected for further optimization by central composite design for the yield of cellulase. The statistical analysis of the results showed that, the optimum composition were: 5 g of substrate containing 3.9 g water hyacinth, 1% corn steep liquor, 1% soybean meal, 0.2% NH4NO3, 0.2% KH2PO4, 0.08% MgSO4·7H2O, 2.8% (NH4)2SO4, 1.5% urea, 13.9% wheat bran, 0.08% ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.08% FeCl2 0.05% CaCl2, 0.08% NaNO3, 0.08% KCl and 0.27% (v/v) Tween-80. Under these conditions, the cellulase production was 4-fold increased (13.4 FPIU/g dry solid) compared with the initial level (3.4 FPIU/g dry solid) after 7 days of fermentation in a 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask.Key words: Cellulase, solid-state fermentation, optimization, water hyacinth, Trichoderma reesei

Correction to Metallic 1T Phase, 3d1 Electronic Configuration and Charge Density Wave Order in Molecular-Beam Epitaxy Grown Monolayer Vanadium Ditelluride.

It has been brought to our attention that a mistake exists in the author list. The author “Johnson Goh” in the original article should be “Kuan Eng Johnson Goh”. His primary corresponding email is [email protected]

Operando Electrochemical Atomic Force Microscopy of Solid–Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Graphite Anodes: The Evolution of SEI Morphology and Mechanical Properties

Understanding and ultimately controlling the properties of the solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer at the graphite anode/liquid electrolyte boundary are of great significance for maximizing the performance and lifetime of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, comprehensive in situ monitoring of SEI formation and evolution, alongside measurement of the corresponding mechanical properties, is challenging due to the limitations of the characterization techniques commonly used. This work provides a new insight into SEI formation during the first lithiation and delithiation of graphite battery anodes using operando electrochemical atomic force microscopy (EC-AFM). Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is investigated first as a model system, exhibiting unique morphological and nanomechanical behavior dependent on the various electrolytes and commercially relevant additives used. Then, to validate these findings with respect to real-world battery electrodes, operando EC-AFM of individual graphite particles like those in commercial systems are studied. Vinylene carbonate (VC) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) are shown to be effective additives to enhance SEI layer stability in 1 M LiPF6/ethylene carbonate/ethyl methyl carbonate (EC/EMC) electrolytes, attributed to their role in improving its structure, density, and mechanical strength. This work therefore presents an unambiguous picture of SEI formation in a real battery environment, contributes a comprehensive insight into SEI formation of electrode materials, and provides a visible understanding of the influence of electrolyte additives on SEI formation

Epstein-Barr virus encoded microRNA BART7 regulates radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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