6,609 research outputs found
production and suppression in high energy proton-nucleus collisions
We apply a Color Glass Condensate+Non-Relativistic QCD (CGC+NRQCD) framework
to compute production in deuteron-nucleus collisions at RHIC and
proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC. Our results match smoothly at high
to a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD + NRQCD computation.
Excellent agreement is obtained for spectra at RHIC and LHC for
central and forward rapidities, as well as for the normalized ratio of
these results to spectra in proton-proton collisions. In particular, we observe
that the data is strongly bounded by our computations of the same for
each of the individual NRQCD channels; this result provides strong evidence
that our description is robust against uncertainties in initial conditions and
hadronization mechanisms.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Untimely Applause Was a Distraction; Comment on “Shanghai Rising: Health Improvements as Measured by Avoidable Mortality since 2000”
The paper published in the January 2015 issue of this journal by Gusmano and colleagues entitled “Shanghai rising: health improvements as measured by avoidable mortality since 2000” has spurred this commentary. We discuss controversial issues surrounding the concept of avoidable mortality in health service research in general and Gusmano’s study in particular. The impact of overall social development on mortality may be underappreciated in Gusmano’s report; the innovative efforts of healthcare professionals to use cutting-edge technology and evidenceapproved preventive strategies to reduce healthcare cost and improve the life quality of community members may not necessarily come to fruition in death reduction, and might be undervalued, too. More critically, the shape and magnitude of emerging health issues in Shanghai, such as accidents and injuries, pollution-related cancers, may be camouflaged in Gusmano’s report. We conclude this commentary by suggesting the most urgent questions to be addressed in the future studies
Untimely applause was a distraction Comment on “Shanghai rising: health improvements as measured by avoidable mortality since 2000”
The paper published in the January 2015 issue of this journal by Gusmano and colleagues entitled “
Shanghai rising:
health improvements as measured by avoidable mortality since 2000
” has spurred this commentary. We discuss
controversial issues surrounding the concept of avoidable mortality in health service research in general and
Gusmano’s study in particular. The impact of overall social development on mortality may be underappreciated in
Gusmano’s report; the innovative efforts of healthcare professionals to use cutting-edge technology and evidence-
approved preventive strategies to reduce healthcare cost and improve the life quality of community members may
not necessarily come to fruition in death reduction, and might be undervalued, too. More critically, the shape and
magnitude of emerging health issues in Shanghai, such as accidents and injuries, pollution-related cancers, may be
camouflaged in Gusmano’s report. We conclude this commentary by suggesting the most urgent questions to be
addressed in the future studies
versus suppression in proton-nucleus collisions from factorization violating soft color exchanges
We argue that the large suppression of the inclusive cross-section
relative to the inclusive cross-section in proton-nucleus (p+A)
collisions can be attributed to factorization breaking effects in the formation
of quarkonium. These factorization breaking effects arise from soft color
exchanges between charm-anticharm pairs undergoing hadronization and comoving
partons that are long-lived on time scales of quarkonium formation. We compute
the short distance pair production of heavy quarks in the Color Glass
Condensate (CGC) effective field theory and employ an improved Color
Evaporation model (ICEM) to describe their hadronization into quarkonium at
large distances. The combined CGC+ICEM model provides a quantitative
description of and data in proton-proton (p+p) collisions
from both RHIC and the LHC. Factorization breaking effects in hadronization,
due to additional parton comovers in the nucleus, are introduced heuristically
by imposing a cutoff , representing the momentum kick from soft color
exchanges, in the ICEM model. Such soft exchanges have no perceptible effect on
suppression in p+A collisions. In contrast, the interplay of the
physics of these soft exchanges at large distances, with the physics of
semi-hard rescattering at short distances, causes a significant additional
suppression of yields relative to that of the . A good fit
of all RHIC and LHC and data, for transverse momenta
GeV in p+p and p+A collisions, is obtained for
MeV.Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures. v2: version accepted for publication in PR
Diagonal and normal with Toeplitz-block splitting iteration method for space fractional coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations with repulsive nonlinearities
By applying the linearly implicit conservative difference scheme proposed in
[D.-L. Wang, A.-G. Xiao, W. Yang. J. Comput. Phys. 2014;272:670-681], the
system of repulsive space fractional coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations
leads to a sequence of linear systems with complex symmetric and
Toeplitz-plus-diagonal structure. In this paper, we propose the diagonal and
normal with Toeplitz-block splitting iteration method to solve the above linear
systems. The new iteration method is proved to converge unconditionally, and
the optimal iteration parameter is deducted. Naturally, this new iteration
method leads to a diagonal and normal with circulant-block preconditioner which
can be executed efficiently by fast algorithms. In theory, we provide sharp
bounds for the eigenvalues of the discrete fractional Laplacian and its
circulant approximation, and further analysis indicates that the spectral
distribution of the preconditioned system matrix is tight. Numerical
experiments show that the new preconditioner can significantly improve the
computational efficiency of the Krylov subspace iteration methods. Moreover,
the corresponding preconditioned GMRES method shows space mesh size independent
and almost fractional order parameter insensitive convergence behaviors
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