Towards Energy - Efficient Qos-Aware Online Stream Data Processing for Internet of Things

Online data stream processing in Internet of Things (IoT) systems is an emerging paradigm that allows users to use resource-constrained IoT devices with the back- end of resourceful machines to process the data collected from the physical world in a real-time manner. The huge amount of generated sensor data can produce value- added information with different purposes for several applications. Techniques to pro- mote knowledge discovery from the raw data allow fully exploiting the potential usage of wide spread sensors in the IoT. In this context, using the energy of the resource- constrained IoT devices in an efficient way is a major concern. However, the appli- cation of QoS requirements should not be ignored to achieve the purpose of energy saving at any cost. In this thesis, we propose a framework that combines online stream data processing with adaptive system control to address both needs. The online algo- rithms are based on statistical methods to meet the needs of stream data processing. The result of the algorithms are then used to dynamically control the system behaviour to meet the needs of energy-saving. Simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed framework

Clinical Application of Adjuvant Treatment after Operation in Patients with Stage IIIa Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Background and objective The efficacy of complete resection of the cancer for patients with stage IIIa non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited. Synthetic therapy is taken the lead in advocating at present. However, the value of post-operative radiotherapy is not still clear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival time and side effects of postoperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of stage IIIa NSCLC. Methods Between December 2003 and June 2007, 52 cases that have completed followed-up data with stage IIIa of NSCLC received in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. Twenty-three patients received postoperative chemoradiotherapy (group A) and 29 patients received postoperative chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (group B). Group A adopted platinum-based combination chemotherapy for 4-6 cycles. The chemotherapeutics included gemcitabine, vinorelbine and docetaxel. Group B used chemotherapy for 2-4 cycles and then received 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT). The prescribe dose of target volume was 50 Gy. The chemotherapy was same as for group A and needed 4 cycles in all. The impact of postoperative adjuvant treatment on survival and toxicity was observed in patients with stage IIIa NSCLC and the reason of disease progression was analyzed. Results The median survival was 32.5 months in group A and 31.9 months in group B (P=0.371). Progression-free survival extended about 6 months (P=0.044). The survival rate was 87% at 1 year, 0.1% at 2 year, 33% at 3 year for group A compared with 93%, 69%, 45% for group B. The major side effects were hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities, including nausea, vomiting and neutropenia. There was no significant difference in these toxicities between the two groups (P>0.05). Radioactiv esophageal infection occurred in 17.2% of the patients. Acute and late radioactive lung infection occurred in 13.8% and 27.6% of the patients. All these toxicities were below degree 2. Distant metastases were the main reason of disease progression. There was no significant difference in the rates of local recurrence and metastases between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Combined modality therapy should be the main therapy of stage IIIa NSCLC. The addition of radiotherapy can effectively prolong progression-free survival and don’t highly increase the toxicities

Two Solar Tornadoes Observed with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph

The barbs or legs of some prominences show an apparent motion of rotation, which are often termed solar tornadoes. It is under debate whether the apparent motion is a real rotating motion, or caused by oscillations or counter-streaming flows. We present analysis results from spectroscopic observations of two tornadoes by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph. Each tornado was observed for more than 2.5 hours. Doppler velocities are derived through a single Gaussian fit to the Mg~{\sc{ii}}~k~2796\AA{}~and Si~{\sc{iv}}~1393\AA{}~line profiles. We find coherent and stable red and blue shifts adjacent to each other across the tornado axes, which appears to favor the interpretation of these tornadoes as rotating cool plasmas with temperatures of $10^4$ K-$10^5$ K. This interpretation is further supported by simultaneous observations of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory, which reveal periodic motions of dark structures in the tornadoes. Our results demonstrate that spectroscopic observations can provide key information to disentangle different physical processes in solar prominences.Comment: 14 figures, accepted by Ap

Examining the Supply Chain Management Models for Agricultural Products Under the Context of E-Commerce

Agricultural products market changes constantly along with the thriving of e-commerce and agricultural products e-commerce keeps growing as an innovative industry; however, there are still many loopholes in the management of the supply chain from beginning to end. In order to effectively address these issues, this paper utilizes the dynamic requirement forecasting method based on SVM (support vector machine) to identify and fit the secular trend in and potential cyclical fluctuation factors for the market requirements for agricultural products. The supply chain coordination decision center is established by integrating the collaborative supply management component and other components. XML technology and CORBA technology are adopted to construct the integrated management model of agricultural products supply chain in e-commerce environment. For its relatively high management level, the model established can promote both agricultural consumption and agricultural economic output, strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises in agricultural products market and realize maximization of profit targets

: Active Trans-Plasma Membrane Water Cycling in Yeast is Revealed by NMR

International audienceMethods and Materials Yeast suspensions with increasing [RR e ]: Yeast suspensions at 30% wet wt/vol in minimal medium were bubbled with 95% O 2 /5% CO 2 (n =2) or 95% N 2 /5% CO 2 (n=1) for 1.5 hours before the first 1 H 2 O T 1 IR measurement. In one suspension bubbled with 95% O 2 /5% CO 2 , 10 mole of the uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, 2,4-dinitrophenol, (DNP) was added after 1.5 hour of O 2 bubbling, just prior to the first addition of RR e. Serial addition of RR to the yeast suspensions resulted in the following [RR e ] (mM) values in the medium: 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 2.9, 3.5, 4.7, 7.0, 9.3, 11.6, 16.1, and 20.5. The total volume increased by 18% by the end of the titration, which was accounted for in calculating [RR e ]. The IR data acquired at each [RR e ] were analyzed by 2SX fitting and relaxivity fitting as described below. MR Measurements and Data Analyses: The 64 t I delay increments between the 180 o (composite) pulse and 90 o RF pulses of the IR pulse sequence are as follows (s): 0. Relaxograms: A 1D Inverse Laplace Transform (ILT) written in Matlab (TwoDLaplaceInverse, Magritek Limited, Wellington New Zealand) of [(M Z (∞)-M Z (t I))/2M Z (∞)] produced the longitudinal relaxogram, the apparent relaxation time constant (T 1 ) distribution. A two peak relaxogram yielded H 2 O i T 1 ′ (T′ 1i) and H 2 O e T 1 ′ (T′ 1e) values, where the T 1 ′ was taken as the peak position. The apparent relative water mole fractions were taken as the relative peak area values. Peak positions and areas were determined using Matlab routines (MathWorks Inc, Natick, MA). Extracting exchange parameters: As noted in the main manuscript, two different approaches for extracting exchange parameters from relaxographic data were employed. The first method, "2SX fitting," substitutes Eqs. (4-6) into the right hand side of Eq. (7) [(M Z (∞)-M Z (t I))/2M Z (∞)] = a L exp(-t I R 1L) + a s exp(-t I R 1s) (7) (main manuscript) The values of τ i , p i , and r 1e with fixed values for R 1i and R 1e0 are adjusted to match the IR time-course, [(M Z (∞)-M Z (t I))/2M Z (∞)], observed at each [RR e ] value. The second method, "relaxivity fitting," adjusts Eq. (4) and/or (5) to match the [RR e ]-dependence of the R 1L and/or R 1S obtained from the relaxograms (1, 2). Matlab was used for the 2SX and relaxivity fittings

Resources and future availability of agricultural biomass for energy use in Beijing

The increasing importance of lignocellulosic biomass based energy production has led to an urgent need to conduct a reliable resource supply assessment. This study analyses and estimates the availability of agricultural residue biomass in Beijing, where biomass energy resources are relatively rich and is mainly distributed in the suburbs. The major types of crops considered across Beijing include food crops (e.g., maize, winter wheat, soybean, tubers and rice), cotton crops and oil-bearing crops (e.g., peanuts). The estimates of crop yields are based on historical data between 1996 and 2017 collected from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics. The theoretical and collectable amount of agricultural residues was calculated on the basis of the agricultural production for each crop, multiplied by specific parameters collected from the literature. The assessment of current and near future agricultural residues from crop harvesting and processing resources in Beijing was performed by employing three advanced modeling methods: the Time Series Analysis Autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model, Least Squares Linear Regression and Gray System Gray Model (GM) (1,1). The results show that the time series model prediction is suitable for short-term prediction evaluation; the least squares fitting result is more accurate but the factors affecting agricultural waste production need to be considered; the gray system prediction is suitable for trend prediction but the prediction accuracy is low

Side Channel Attack-Aware Resource Allocation for URLLC and eMBB Slices in 5G RAN

Network slicing is a key enabling technology to realize the provisioning of customized services in 5G paradigm. Due to logical isolation instead of physical isolation, network slicing is facing a series of security issues. Side Channel Attack (SCA) is a typical attack for slices that share resources in the same hardware. Considering the risk of SCA among slices, this paper investigates how to effectively allocate heterogeneous resources for the slices under their different security requirements. Then, a SCA-aware Resource Allocation (SCA-RA) algorithm is proposed for Ultra-reliable and Low-latency Communications (URLLC) and Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) slices in 5G RAN. The objective is to maximize the number of slices accommodated in 5G RAN. With dynamic slice requests, simulation is conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm in two different network scenarios. Simulation results indicate that compared with benchmark, SCA-RA algorithm can effectively reduce blocking probability of slice requests. In addition, the usage of IT and transport resources is also optimized