Applying the Strategy of Village Revitalization to Manage the Rural Hollowing in Daba Mountains Area of China

In the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization, the “hollowing out” of rural areas in China is getting hotter and hotter. And the situation is grim. The countryside in Daba Mountains Area of China has suffered serious decline. The problem of “hollowing out” has been prominent and is one of the main areas of governance. Therefore, based on the strategy of rural revitalization and based on the status quo of Daba Mountainous Rural Areas, this paper analyzes the causes of the increasing severity of rural” hollows out” and defines the logic and path of governance. Then, promoting the improvement of the hollowing out of rural areas in Daba Mountains Area of China is also the purpose of this paper

Bis[2-(2-amino­eth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole-κ2 N 2,N 3](nitrato-κ2 O,O′)cobalt(II) chloride trihydrate

In the title compound, [Co(NO3)(C9H11N3)2]Cl·3H2O, the CoII atom is coordinated by four N atoms from two chelating 2-(2-amino­eth­yl)-1H-benzimidazole ligands and two O atoms from one nitrate anion in a distorted octa­hedral coordination environment. In the crystal, N—H⋯Cl, N—H⋯O, O—H⋯Cl and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the complex cations, chloride anions and solvent water mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network. π–π inter­actions between the imidazole and benzene rings and between the benzene rings are observed [centroid–centroid distances = 3.903 (3), 3.720 (3), 3.774 (3) and 3.926 (3) Å]

Time-domain simulation of ultrasound propagation with fractional Laplacians for lossy-medium biological tissues with complicated geometries

Simulations of ultrasound wave propagation inside biological tissues have a wide range of practical applications. In previous studies, wave propagation equations in lossy biological media are solved either with convolutions, which consume a large amount of memory, or with pseudo-spectral methods, which cannot handle complicated geometries effectively. The approach described in the paper employed a fractional central difference method (FCD), combined with the immersed boundary (IB) method for the finite-difference, time-domain simulation. The FCD method can solve the fractional Laplace terms in Chen and Holm’s lossy-medium equations directly in the physical domain without integral transforms. It also works naturally with the IB method, which enables a simple Cartesian-type grid mesh to be used to solve problems with complicated geometries. The numerical results agree very well with the analytical solutions for frequency power-law attenuation lossy mediaThis research is partly supported by the U.S. Army under a cooperative Agreement No. W911NF-14-2-007

Bis(2-aminomethyl-1H-benzimidazole-κ2 N 2,N 3)bis­(nitrato-κO)copper(II)

In the title compound, [Cu(NO3)2(C8H9N3)2], the CuII atom, lying on an inversion center, has a distorted octa­hedral coordination environment defined by four N atoms from two chelating 2-amino­methyl-1H-benzimidazole ligands and two O atoms from two monodentate nitrate anions. In the crystal, N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the complex mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond is also observed

TiG-BEV: Multi-view BEV 3D Object Detection via Target Inner-Geometry Learning

To achieve accurate and low-cost 3D object detection, existing methods propose to benefit camera-based multi-view detectors with spatial cues provided by the LiDAR modality, e.g., dense depth supervision and bird-eye-view (BEV) feature distillation. However, they directly conduct point-to-point mimicking from LiDAR to camera, which neglects the inner-geometry of foreground targets and suffers from the modal gap between 2D-3D features. In this paper, we propose the learning scheme of Target Inner-Geometry from the LiDAR modality into camera-based BEV detectors for both dense depth and BEV features, termed as TiG-BEV. First, we introduce an inner-depth supervision module to learn the low-level relative depth relations between different foreground pixels. This enables the camera-based detector to better understand the object-wise spatial structures. Second, we design an inner-feature BEV distillation module to imitate the high-level semantics of different keypoints within foreground targets. To further alleviate the BEV feature gap between two modalities, we adopt both inter-channel and inter-keypoint distillation for feature-similarity modeling. With our target inner-geometry distillation, TiG-BEV can effectively boost BEVDepth by +2.3% NDS and +2.4% mAP, along with BEVDet by +9.1% NDS and +10.3% mAP on nuScenes val set. Code will be available at https://github.com/ADLab3Ds/TiG-BEV.Comment: Code link: https://github.com/ADLab3Ds/TiG-BE

Scorpion Toxins from <em>Buthus martensii</em> Karsch (BmK) as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Neurological Disorders: State of the Art and Beyond

Scorpions are fascinating creatures which became residents of the planet well before human beings dwelled on Earth. Scorpions are always considered as a figure of fear, causing notable pain or mortality throughout the world. Their venoms are cocktails of bioactive molecules, called toxins, which are responsible for their toxicity. Fortunately, medical researchers have turned the life-threatening toxins into life-saving therapeutics. From Song Dynasty in ancient China, scorpions and their venoms have been applied in traditional medicine for treating neurological disorders, such as pain, stroke, and epilepsy. Neurotoxins purified from Chinese scorpion Buthus Martensii Karsch (BmK) are considered as the main active ingredients, which act on membrane ion channels. Long-chain toxins of BmK, composed of 58–76 amino acids, could specifically recognize voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). Short-chain BmK toxins, containing 28–40 amino acids, are found to modulate the potassium or chloride channels. These components draw attention as useful scaffolds for drug-design in order to tackle the emerging global medical threats. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the most promising candidates that have been isolated from BmK venoms for drug development

Targeting Neuroglial Sodium Channels in Neuroinflammatory Diseases

The Hodgkin-Huxley model, at its 66th anniversary, remains a footing stone of neuroscience, which describes how the action potential (AP) is generated. As the core player of AP initiation, voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are always considered to be required for electrogenesis in excitable cells. Cells which are not traditionally been considered to be excitable, including glial cells, also express VGSCs in physiological as well as pathological conditions. The dysfunction of glial VGSCs is seemingly not related to abnormal excitation of neurons, but of importance in the astrogliosis and M1 polarization of microglia, which could induce refractory neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, epilepsy, and Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Therefore, in this chapter, we aim to describe the physiological and pathological roles of VGSCs contributing to the activity of glial cells and discuss whether VGSC subtypes could be used as a novel drug target, with an eye toward therapeutic implications for neuroinflammatory diseases

Tris(1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione-κ2 N,N′)zinc bis­(perchlorate) acetonitrile monosolvate

In the title compound, [Zn(C12H6N2O2)3](ClO4)2·CH3CN, the ZnII atom is coordinated by six N atoms from three chelating 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione ligands in a distorted octa­hedral environment. In the crystal, inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and O⋯π and N⋯π inter­actions [O⋯centroid distances = 2.907 (5) and 2.843 (7) Å; N⋯centroid distance = 2.861 (10) Å] link the complex cations, perchlorate anions and acetonitrile solvent mol­ecules into a three-dimensional network