Thermodynamic properties of glycerol: Experimental and theoretical study

© 2015 Elsevier B.V. Vapor pressures of highly pure glycerol were measured by the static and the transpiration methods in a broad temperature range. The standard molar enthalpy of vaporization of glycerol was derived from the vapor pressure temperature dependencies. Thermodynamic data on glycerol available in the literature were collected, evaluated, and combined with own experimental results. We recommend the set of vaporization and formation enthalpies for glycerol at 298.15K (in kJmol-1): δfHm° (g)=-(578.8±0.6), δfHm° (l)=-(669.3±0.5), and δlgHm° =(90.5±0.3) as the reliable benchmark properties for further thermochemical calculations. Quantum-chemical calculations of the gas phase molar enthalpy of formation of glycerol have been performed using the G4 method and results were in agreement with the recommended experimental data. The standard molar entropy of formation and the standard molar Gibbs function of formation of glycerol were estimated

Nicotinamides: Evaluation of thermochemical experimental properties

© 2016 Elsevier LtdVapor pressures of the isomeric 2-, 3-, and 4-pyridinecarboxamides were measured by using the transpiration method. The enthalpies of sublimation/vaporization of these compounds at 298.15 K were derived from vapor pressure temperature dependences. The enthalpies of solution of the isomeric pyridinecarboxamides were measured with the high-precision solution calorimetry. The enthalpies of sublimation of 3- and 4-pyridinecarboxamides were independently derived with help of the solution calorimetry based procedure. The enthalpies of fusion of the pyridinecarboxamides were measured by the DSC. Thermochemical data isomeric pyridinecarboxamides were collected, evaluated, and tested for internal consistency. The high-level G4 quantum-chemical method was used for mutual validation of the experimental and theoretical gas phase enthalpies of formation successfully

Algorithm for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias recorded during wakefulness

Aim. To study the clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics of exerciseinduced arrhythmias and develop an algorithm for managing patients with exerciseinduced ventricular arrhythmias (VA).Material and methods. For the period from 2015 to 2019 203 patients with VA during periods of wakefulness were selected from the database of patients who performed Holter monitoring; 167 of them were selected, who underwent a treadmill test (TT) according to the standard Bruce protocol. During TT, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of VA were assessed. Further examination and treatment were carried out according to the proposed algorithm.Results. In 80 patients (48% of all those who underwent TT), regardless of VA presence in the pretest, arrhythmias had an exercise nature and appeared and/or progressed during exercise. These patients were included in the present study to assess the causal relationship of VA with any disease. Following the algorithm, coronary artery disease was verified in 15 people, stage I-II hypertension — in 25, and minor heart defects — in 21. Of the remaining 19 patients without association of exercise-induced VA with any disease during the initial examination, 5 patients were diagnosed with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy/right ventricular dysplasia during prospective follow-up. In the remaining 14, VAs were considered idiopathic.Conclusion. The presented algorithm can accelerate both the search for the causes of exercise-induced VA and the choice of personalized treatment

A Case of Successful Medical Treatment of Ventricular Tachycardia in a Patient With Ischemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure

The pathogenetic mechanisms of arrhythmias, including  high-grade ventricular  arrhythmias (including non-sustained ventricular  tachycardia),  in patients with coronary  heart disease may be different. Therefore, the characteristics  of ventricular arrhythmias must be considered  based on the totality of data, taking  into account all the available features. The importance  of a personalized approach  to the management of a patient with coronary  heart disease who had extensive myocardial  infarction 18.5 years ago,  followed  by mammary  coronary  artery bypass  grafting, aneurysmectomy and the development of heart failure with a low ejection fraction, in whom ventricular arrhythmias occurred against the background of a stable course of coronary disease , but after emotional stress, is reflected in this work. An extended examination, as well as a detailed study of the nature of ventricular arrhythmias, made it possible  to determine  the main provoking factor and select an individualized pathogenetic treatment with a good  antiarrhythmic result that persists for several years of observation.  Conducting mental tests and psychological questioning can be recommended for patients with coronary  heart disease  and  chronic  heart failure as an additional  examination to assess  the contribution  of the psycho-emotional factor  to arrhythmogenesis after excluding the ischemic and sympathetic  nature of ventricular ectopia. It is incorrect to consider that all ventricular arrhythmias  in patients with coronary heart disease are ischemic in nature, and in some clinical situations this statement is even erroneous

Многофакторность метаболических нарушений у женщин репродуктивного возраста в состоянии постовариэктомии

In this article the postovariectomic syndrome is regarded as prediction of metabolic syndrome in women of different age groups. With various clinicodiagnostic analyses it has been estimated that in women with postovariectomic syndrome over 40 metabolic disturbances are observed more frequently.Постовариэктомический синдром рассматривается как предиктор метаболического синдрома у женщин различных возрастных групп. На результатах анализа разнообразного клинико-диагностического материала показано, что у женщин с постовариэктомическим синдромом в возрасте после 40 лет достоверно чаще наблюдаются метаболические нарушения

Мета-анализ исследований эффективности различных поколений ингибиторов тирозинкиназы EGFR и их комбинированных режимов при EGFR-ассоциированном НМРЛ

Background. Multiple options of first line treatment in patients with EGFR mutated NSCLC are registered worldwide and, in particular, in Russia. The individual choice for every patient is still based primarily on personal preference of a particular physician and financial possibilities of the region, since no stratification factors are available. At the same time large randomized trials comparing various options are hardly possible in this narrow biomarker restricted population. The additional information on advantages in particular subgroups obtained via indirect comparison might be an important argument. Materials and methods. We conducted meta‑analysis of trials studying various approaches in first line EGFR mutated NSCLC cancer. Results. Our meta‑analysis revealed unequal influence of different treatment approaches on OS according to clinical stratification factors. In females (HR 0.79, 95 % CI 0.63–0.99; p = 0.04), patients younger than 65 y. o. (HR 0.66, 95 % CI 0.52–0.83; p = 0.0004), with exon 21 mutations (HR 0.76, 95 % CI 0.59–0.99; p = 0.04) and ECOG 1 (HR 0.72, 95 % CI 0.59–0.89; p = 0.002) OS benefit can be achieved with 2nd generation TKI. In the rest of patients (males, ECOG 0, ex19 deletions) increase in OS necessitates more aggressive treatment with TKI and chemotherapy combination (HR 0.57, 95 % CI 0.41–0.79; p = 0.0008). No influence on OS was observed for TKI and angiogenesis inhibitors. Interestingly, the observed advantage in OS and PFS was not accompanied by response that did not differ between regimens (OR 1.55, 95 % CI 0.86–2.80; p = 0.14).Conclusions. We showed the importance of individualized approach in the first line EGFR mutated NSCLC selection. Our results underline the need for the new data on various approaches comparison.Введение. На настоящий момент выбор из нескольких вариантов первой линии для больных НМРЛ, ассоциированным с мутациями EGFR основан исключительно на предпочтениях конкретного специалиста и финансовых возможностях региона. При этом с учетом ограниченности контингента с активирующими мутациями, проведение крупных исследований, направленных на решение важных клинических вопросов сопряжено с финансовыми и временными затратами. В связи с этим получение дополнительных аргументов о более высокой эффективности отдельных подходов в конкретных клинических группах, вне всякого сомнения, может быть использовано как дополнительный аргумент в пользу выбора того или иного подхода.Материалы и методы. Мы провели мета-анализ исследований различных лекарственных подходов в первой линии у больных EGFR мутированным НМРЛ с целью идентификации отдельных клинических групп, получающих максимальный выигрыш от выбора того или иного метода. Результаты. Проведенный мета-анализ выявил неравнозначное влияние исследованных режимов на ОВ в различных клинических группах пациентов. Для женщин (ОР 0,79, 95% ДИ 0,63–0,99; p = 0,04), более молодых пациентов (ОР 0,66, 95% ДИ 0,52–0,83; p = 0,0004), больных с мутациями в экзоне 21 (ОР 0,76, 95% ДИ 0,59–0,99; p = 0,04), а также пациентов с ECOG 1 (ОР 0,72, 95% ДИ 0,59–0,89; p = 0,002) подобное улучшение может быть достигнуто выбором в пользу ингибитора второго поколения. Для остальных же групп, в частности, мужчин, при ECOG 0, для пациентов с мутациями в экзоне 19 для увеличения выживаемости требуется более агрессивное лечение — комбинирование ингибиторов тирозинкиназ (ИТК) и цитостатической терапии (ОР 0,57, 95% ДИ 0,41–0,79; p = 0,0008). По результатам мета-анализа увеличение ОВ при комбинировании ИТК и антиангиогенных препаратов не выявлено (ОР 0,89, 95 % ДИ 0,70–1,13; p = 0,33). Необычным наблюдением, сделанным в результате нашего исследования, явилось то, что на фоне отсутствия статистически значимого преимущества в частоте объективных ответов (ЧОО) второго поколения ИТК и комбинированных режимов перед монотерапией ИТК первого поколения эти опции показывали значимое увеличение выживаемости без прогрессирования (ВБП) относительно монотерапии ИТК первого поколения.Выводы. Нами показана важность дифференцированного подхода к выбору терапии первой линии больных НМРЛ, ассоциированным с мутациями EGFR. Полученные данные подчеркивают необходимость сравнения эффективности различных опций терапии с ИТК третьего поколения и комбинации анти-PD (L) 1 антител с химиотерапией первой линии в рамках сетевого мета-анализа

Возможности компьютерно-то쬬¬¬¬¬¬ографической ангиопульмонографии в диагностике тромбоэмболии легочной артерии

The purpose of this search is to evaluate diagnostic capability of CT pulmonary angiography (CTPAG) in patients with pulmonary embolism. Examination results of 45 patients with suspected pulmonary embolism provided. Pulmonary embolism symptoms and frequency of their occurrence in study group described. The modification of technical CTPAG protocol proposed for to improve visualization and to reduce radiation exposure.С целью оценки диагностических возможностей компьютерно-томографической ангиопульмонографии (КТАПГ) в выявлении тромбоэмболии легочных артерий (ТЭЛА) приведены результаты обследования 45 пациентов с подозрением на тромбоэмболию легочной артерии (ТЭЛА). Описаны компьютерно-томографические симптомы ТЭЛА и частота их встречаемости в обследуемой группе. Предложена модификация технического протокола КТАПГ, позволяющая повысить качество визуализации, снизить лучевую нагрузку