Mathematical modeling for tsunami waves using lattice boltzmann method

This research focuses on tsunami wave modelling. The nature of tsunami waves can be conditionally divided into three parts; generation, propagation and inundation (or run-up). General patterns and important characteristics of tsunamis can be predicted by various sets of governing equations and commonly used models which include elastic wave, nonlinear shallow water and forced Korteweg de Vries (fKdV) equations. In order to construct tsunami model, we divide this modelling into two parts; the first part contains seismic (earthquake) wave that focuses on the nonlinear elastic wave equation. The equation has been successfully applied to the tsunami generation part and is shown to give suitable complex flow simulation of elastic wave generation. The second part essentially deals with the nonlinear shallow water equations which are often used to model tsunami propagation and sometimes even the run-up part. This work specifically studies the properties of propagation of tsunamis. Shallow water equations have become the choice model of operational tsunami modelling for irrotational surface waves in the case of complex bottom elevation. The run-up part basically deals with the KdV and fKdV equations for unidirectional propagation and effects of external noise and damping terms for the studies of tsunami run-up. Several test-cases are presented to verify propagation and run-up model. The simulation algorithm of this research is based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The aim of this research is to use the LBM to solve tsunami waves modelling. Several problems for simulation of tsunami waves are generated with LBM. The appropriate equilibrium distribution function is selected and extended to solve the related three-dimensional problems and appropriate units are chosen and changed in accordance with lattice Boltzmann simulations and stability of lattice Boltzmann models. These models are solved and the solutions with different boundary conditions are analysed to produce relevant patterns and behaviours, assumptions and approximations for modelling tsunami and seismic waves. These analyses have been implemented via accurate, robust and efficient LBM for solving the tsunami sets of equations under complex geometry and irregular topography. The graphical output profiles are generated by using Matlab version 2012

Study of Arbitrability in the Generations of Oil Agreements

Petroleum and its related issues have always been important matters worldwide and of course in oil states including Iran which has tied up closely to this important good. Oil agreements, which are regarded as a chain that connects both parties in this industry, have evolved greatly requiring deep research in its different sectors for better understanding of these agreements. Besides, this extensive changes and contractual disputes should be considered in these agreements. This study considered arbitrability in the generations of oil agreements considering both subjective and objective criteria and Iran’s law. The results showed that there is no road block in settling down oil disputes according to Iran’s law and article 139 of constitution, which is mostly viewed as the main road block for arbitration is not regarded as a road block for arbitration. Therefore, excluding this industry from referral of arbitration is clearly against its benefits

Study of Arbitrability in the Generations of Oil Agreements

Petroleum and its related issues have always been important matters worldwide and of course in oil states including Iran which has tied up closely to this important good. Oil agreements, which are regarded as a chain that connects both parties in this industry, have evolved greatly requiring deep research in its different sectors for better understanding of these agreements. Besides, this extensive changes and contractual disputes should be considered in these agreements. This study considered arbitrability in the generations of oil agreements considering both subjective and objective criteria and Iran’s law. The results showed that there is no road block in settling down oil disputes according to Iran’s law and article 139 of constitution, which is mostly viewed as the main road block for arbitration is not regarded as a road block for arbitration. Therefore, excluding this industry from referral of arbitration is clearly against its benefits

Study of Arbitrability in the Generations of Oil Agreements

Petroleum and its related issues have always been important matters worldwide and of course in oil states including Iran which has tied up closely to this important good. Oil agreements, which are regarded as a chain that connects both parties in this industry, have evolved greatly requiring deep research in its different sectors for better understanding of these agreements. Besides, this extensive changes and contractual disputes should be considered in these agreements. This study considered arbitrability in the generations of oil agreements considering both subjective and objective criteria and Iran’s law. The results showed that there is no road block in settling down oil disputes according to Iran’s law and article 139 of constitution, which is mostly viewed as the main road block for arbitration is not regarded as a road block for arbitration. Therefore, excluding this industry from referral of arbitration is clearly against its benefits

The association between job satisfaction and general health among employees of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran

Introduction: Job satisfaction is one of the most challenging organizational concepts, and it is the basis of management policies to increase productivity and efficiency of the organization. The general health rate may affect job satisfaction in several ways. This study aimed to determine the association between job satisfaction and general health among employees of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional research included 100 employees of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. The data collection instruments were the General Health Questionnaire (28-GHQ) and the Job Descriptive Index (JDI) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient, independent samples t-test, and ANOVA statistical tests in SPSS software. Results: The mean general health was calculated as 26.19 ± 11.04, which indicated a positive psychiatric condition. Job satisfaction with a mean score of 89.67 ± 23.3 was deemed to be relatively dissatisfied. A medium negative and significant association was observed between job satisfaction and general health and its subscales (physical health, anxiety, social, and depression). Conclusions: General health subscales and job satisfaction are associated. Some actions must be planned to cope with the negative factors in general health in order to increase employees’ satisfaction in university educational hospitals

A shallow water model for the propagation of tsunami via Lattice Boltzmann method

An efficient implementation of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the numerical simulation of the propagation of long ocean waves (e.g. tsunami), based on the nonlinear shallow water (NSW) wave equation is presented. The LBM is an alternative numerical procedure for the description of incompressible hydrodynamics and has the potential to serve as an efficient solver for incompressible flows in complex geometries. This work proposes the NSW equations for the irrotational surface waves in the case of complex bottom elevation. In recent time, equation involving shallow water is the current norm in modelling tsunami operations which include the propagation zone estimation. Several test-cases are presented to verify our model. Some implications to tsunami wave modelling are also discussed. Numerical results are found to be in excellent agreement with theory

Elastic and seismic model for the generation of tsunamis via lattice Boltzmann method

An efficient implementation of the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the numerical simulation of the generation tsunamis, based on Elastic wave equation and P-wave equation is presented. It is provided two examples where the scheme is used to model mechanisms for the generation of seismic waves. Numerical results show good agreement with the theory

Modeling of propagation tsunami waves via lattice Boltzmann method

We present an efficient implementation of the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for the numerical simulation of the propagation of long ocean waves (e.g., tsunamis), based on the Nonlinear Shallow Water (NSW) wave equation. The Lattice Boltzmann Equation (LBE) method is an alternative numerical scheme for the description of incompressible hydrodynamics. The LBE method has potential to serve as an efficient solver for incompressible flows in complex geometries. In the present study, we propose nonlinear shallow water equations for irrotational surface waves for the case of complex bottom elevation. Nowadays shallow water equations have become the model of choice for operational tsunami modeling including the propagation zone estimation. Several test-cases are presented to highlight the added value of the new model. Some implications to tsunami wave modeling are also discussed. The numerical results are found to be in excellent agreement with theory