Influence of the diet on in situ disappearance of dry matter, organic matter, and neutral detergent fiber of hydrolysed sugar cane bagasse

The effects of two diets based on hydrolysed sugarcane bagasse (HSB) and whole cottonseed (WCS), with or without oat hay, were analyzed for the in situ disappearance of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of HSB. Six mature castrated rams with a permanent T ruminai cannula were used in a complete randomized split plot design. The incubation times were 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72h. The diet with oat hay showed higher disappearance indexes for the NDF fraction. Furthermore, the maximum degradation of HSB constituents was reached around 48h of incubation. The diets were T1=64% hydrolyzed sugarcane + 36% whole cottonseed and T2=14% hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse + 36% cottonseed + 50% oat hay

Flushing on the postpartum beef cows submitted to early weaning: reproductive performance.

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of short-time fat supple-mentation (flushing) on the reproductive performance (postpartum estrus, postpartum anestrus, postpartum estrus interval, calving interval, number of artificial insemination, artificial insemination interval, and pregnancy rate) of postpartum beef cows, submitted to the early weaning. Two hundred and fifty eight beef cows were used from the following genetic groups: Aberdeen Angus (n= 21), Aberdeen Angus x Canchim (n= 20), Canchim x Aberdeen Angus (n= 52), Charoles x Caracu (n= 29), Charolais (n= 18), Cachim (n= 34), Caracu (n= 35), Caracu x Charoles (n= 26) an Purunã (n= 23), with 418.1 kg of body weight and all pregnant. These animals were split into two types of treatments: flushing (30% soybean full + 70% corn) and no supplementation. There was no flushing effect on postpartum estrus percentage (82.9%), anestrus percentage (17.0%), postpartum estrus interval (100.5 days), calf birth weight (34.2 kg), number of artificial insemination (1.4), interval between the 1st and the 2nd artificial insemination (19.2 days), interval between the 1st and the 2nd artificial insemination (19.9 days), and pregnancy percentage (54.6%). The flushing reduced calving interval (391.14 vs. 399.31 days). The November period had lower postpartum estrus percentage (70.6%), anestrus percentage (29.4%), postpartum estrus interval (90.3 days), calving interval (378.3 days), number of artificial insemination (1.2), interval between the 1st and the 2nd artificial insemination (11.5 days), and pregnancy percentage (27.5%).O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação de gordura por um curto período de tempo (flushing) sobre o desempenho reprodutivo (aparecimento de estro pós-parto, anestro, intervalo de estro pós-parto, intervalo entre partos, número de inseminações artificiais, intervalo entre as inseminações artificiais e percentagem de prenhez) de fêmeas de corte no pós-parto, submetidas ao desmame precoce. Foram utilizadas 258 vacas, dos grupos genéticos: Aberdeen Angus (n= 21), Aberdeen Angus x Canchim (n= 20), Canchim x Aberdeen Angus (n= 52), Charolês x Caracu (n= 29), Charolês (n= 18), Cachim (n= 34), Caracu (n= 35), Caracu x Charolês (n= 26) e Purunã (n= 23), com peso vivo médio de 418,1 kg e diagnóstico de prenhez positivo. Os animais foram distribuídos nos tratamentos flushing (30% de grão de soja + 70% de milho) e não suplementados. Foram avaliados três períodos de acordo com a ordem de parição: setembro, outubro e novembro. Não houve efeito do flushing sobre a percentagem de estro pós-parto (82,9%), percentagem de anestro (17,0%), intervalo de estro pós-parto (100,5 dias), peso ao nascer do bezerro (34,2 kg), número de inseminações artificiais (1,4), intervalo entre a 1ª e a 2ª inseminação artificial (19,2 dias), intervalo entre a 2ª e 3ª inseminação artificial (19,9 dias) e percentagem de prenhez (54,6%). O flushing reduziu o intervalo entre partos (391,1 vs. 399,3 dias). O período de novembro apresentou menor percentagem de estro pós-parto (70,6%), percentagem de anestro (29,4%), intervalo de estro pós-parto (90,3 dias), intervalo entre partos (378,3 dias), número de inseminações artificiais (1,2), intervalo entre a 1ª e a 2ª inseminação artificial (11,5 dias) e percentagem de prenhez (27,5%)

Effects of phenolic compounds on ruminal protozoa population, ruminal fermentation, and digestion in water buffaloes

a b s t r a c t The objective of this study was to evaluate different doses of phenolic compounds extracted from honey bees propolis on ruminal protozoa population, microbial protein synthesis, ruminal fermentation, solids' passage rate, and total tract digestibility in water buffaloes. Four crossbred non-lactating female water buffaloes averaging 543.9 732.1 kg of body weight fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a 4 Â 4 latin square design. The phenolic compounds were dosed in the rumen via rumen cannula in four doses: 0, 16.95, 33.9, and 50.85 mg/d; respectively. The total mixed ration consisted of 800 g/kg corn silage and 200 g/kg concentrate. Phenolic compounds linearly reduced the Entodinium protozoa population (Po 0.01) and quadratically increased ruminal acetate concentration (P o 0.05) and there was a trend to increase microbial protein synthesis in the rumen (P¼ 0.07). Phenolic compounds did not change total digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, solids' passage rate, and the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis (P 40.05). It can be concluded that phenolic compounds reduce the Entodinium protozoa population in water buffaloes and change ruminal fermentation pattern, favoring acetate fermentation