ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM: İŞLETMEDE ÇALIŞANLAR BİR “KAYNAK” MI YOKSA BİR “KIYMET” MİDİR?

Özet En modern insan kaynakları yönetimlerini ve en popüler moda yönetim modellerini uygulayan işletmelerin krize yenik düşmeleri, insan kaynaklarını ve yönetimini tartışmaya açmıştır. Bu durum, başta turizm işletmeleri olmak üzere tüm işletmeleri yeni arayışlara yönlendirmiştir. İnsana yatırım yapan ve insanın en değerli kıymet olduğu bilincine varan işletmelerin belirsizlik ve yoğun rekabet ortamlarında başarılı olmaları, büyük fiziksel sermayeye sahip olan işletmelerin bu süreçlerde büyük çapta sarsıntı yaşamaları, işletmedeki en önemli sermayenin entelektüel sermaye yani insan kıymetleri olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda, işletmelerin insanı sadece stratejik bir kaynak olarak değil, aynı zamanda stratejik bir ortak ve kıymet olarak ele alması ve yönetmesi konusunda politikalar geliştirmesi ve bu fonksiyonun olumlu çağrışım ve algılama yanında içeriğini de yansıtması gerekmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: İnsan Kaynakları, İnsan Kıymetleri, İnsan Kıymetleri Yönetimi, Abstract It has been led to a discussion of human resources and management that the businesses which are implementing most modern managements of human resources and most popular fashion models of management have fallen victim to the crisis. This situation, particularly to tourism businesses of all businesses led to new searches. That the businesses investing in human and are aware of human’s most valuable assets are successful in uncertainty and intense competition and the businesses which have got large physical capital live a major jolt in this process, it has revealed that the most important capital is intellectual capital or human assets in the businesses. In this context, the businesses must address not only as a strategic resource, but also as a strategic partner and asset; need to develop and implement policies in this regard. At the same time also this function must reflect the content with a positive connotation and perception. Keywords: Human Resources, Human Assets, Human Assets Managemen

SOSYAL MEDYANIN ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDE ETKİSİ: TURİZM FAKÜLTESİ ÖRNEĞİ

Gelişen teknolojiyle birlikte rekabetin artması işletmeleri tüketici odaklı yaklaşımlar göstermeye yöneltmiştir. Sosyal medya tüketici davranışlarına yön vermekle beraber tüketicilerin satın aldıkları ürün ve hizmetler hakkında geri bildirimde bulunabilmelerini de sağlamaktadır. Sosyal medyanın geniş kitlelere ulaşabilmesi ve tüketicilerin satın alma kararlarını etkilemesi, işletmeleri de bu teknolojik gelişimlerden faydalanmaya yöneltmiştir. Sosyal medyanın satın alma öncesi ve sonrası tüketici davranışlarına etkisini belirlemek amacıyla Akdeniz Üniversitesi Turizm Fakültesi Konaklama İşletmeciliği ve Seyahat İşletmeciliği Bölümü öğrencilerinden 250 kişiye anket tekniği uygulanmış ve elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada yapılan anketlerin sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden faktör analizi, korelasyon analizi, t-testi ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada, öğrencilerin yüksek düzeyde sosyal medya araçlarını kullandıkları saptanmıştır. Sosyal medya kullanımında öğrencilerin satın alma öncesinde çoğunlukla satın almak istedikleri ürünü araştırdıkları ve ilgili ürün hakkında tavsiyeleri dikkate aldıkları, satın alma sonrasında ise daha çok satın alınan üründen memnun kalmadıkları zaman şikâyet ve önermeme ile ilgili paylaşımda bulundukları belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal Medya, Sosyal Medya Araçları, Tüketici Davranışları, Turizm Öğrencileri

Influence of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Hotel Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Subjective Well-Being

The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of employees working for the accommodation business on their job satisfaction (JS) and subjective well-being (SWB). For this purpose, data were collected from 2,051 employees in various five-star accommodation enterprises located in Antalya, the most important tourism destination in Turkey. The analysis of the data showed that organizational citizenship behavior and its subdimensions correlate positively with job satisfaction and subjective well-being and influence them positively. It was also found that job satisfaction mediates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and subjective well-being. Employees with organizational citizenship behavior were found to have higher levels of job satisfaction and subjective well-being. The results showed that organizational citizenship behavior is a stronger predictor for the job satisfaction of the employees than subjective well-being. The findings offer useful and important implications for business managers when hiring employees

Relationships between Student Personality Traits, Mobbing, and Depression within the Context of Sustainable Tourism Education: The Case of a Faculty of Tourism

Sustainable education has the target of improving skills that encourage students or life-long learners to reflect on actions realized by themselves. Its main concern is considering their actual and future cultural, socio-economic, and environmental impacts. Such a paradigm to evaluate these impacts is to bring about a local and a global perspective. Sustainability, as a means of qualified education, is a consequence of lifelong learning philosophy. All levels and all kinds of education should deal with the issues of sustainability and create holistic and transformational skills in this topic. In this context, pedagogy and learning environment is of great importance. Concerning learning environment, mobbing cases have frequently coincided in educational organizations. Mobbing has been regarded as an important business disease of contemporary work-life. Besides, mobbing might be coincided not only in the businesses but also in the organizations providing educational services. In schools and universities, mobbing leads to physiological, sociological, and psychological harms for the students. Recent studies have shown that in the school environment, students are exposed to a possible mobbing behavior and that their academic performance and achievement, as well as their mental and physical health, are negatively influenced. In addition, many academic studies indicate that the personality traits students have are an important predictor of exposure to mobbing and depression. This study aimed to determine the levels of mobbing and depression perceptions of students (type A, type B) who are studying tourism education at undergraduate level. In this context, within the groups of personality traits, the levels of depression in the process of mobbing were examined. Research data were collected from 524 students surveyed in a tourism faculty of a state university. In order to realize the data collection, Personality Traits, Mobbing, and Depression scales were used. Correlation, t-test, and regression analysis were performed as well as descriptive statistics (frequencies, mean, and standard deviation) in the process of data analysis. As a consequence of the research, it was determined that mobbing influenced psychological conditions of all students showing the features of A and B type as personality traits. Nevertheless, mobbing and depression perceptions differ upon their personality groups. It was found that the mean scores of mobbing and depression perceptions of students’ having A type personality traits were comparatively higher than the ones having B type personality traits. In addition, it has been revealed that there is a positive relationship between mobbing and depression perceptions of students. Mobbing explained 14% of the change in the depression levels of the students. As a result of the findings, it was determined that personality trait is an important and significant factor in the impact levels of students from mobbing and depression. Incorporation of personality traits into the transformational learning process in the education system as well as teaching and supporting of students with applied social education can be an effective element of sustainable education

The effects of tourism students’ personality traits on leisure motivation and social well-being

In today’s globalized world where loneliness has increased, psychological well-being has decreased and chronic illness has become more common, participation in recreational activities is extremely important; it increases social well-being which in turn yields compliance and communication with the social environment. A high social well-being increases one’s general state of happiness (Keyes, 1998). To conduct this study, we adopted the personality traits model of leisure motivation and social well-being for use as a framework. The purpose of this study is to reveal the effects of tourism students’ personality traits on leisure motivation and social well-being. Fallowing the search, negative correlation was found between conscientiousness and social well-being, and a positive correlation was found to exist between social well-being and the variables related to personality characteristics. A positive correlation was also found between personality traits and leisure motivation. Finally, one of the dimensions of leisure motivation, intellectual factors, was negatively correlated with social well-being; the other dimensions of leisure motivation were positively correlated with social well-being

The Mediating Role of Perception in the Relationship between Expectation and Satisfaction in Terms of Sustainability in Tourism Education

Education plays a central role in shaping individual and social change toward sustainability. Sustainable tourism education provided by the higher education institutions which offer education at the undergraduate level has an important role in training candidate managers and meeting the need for qualified labor in the tourism sector in terms of sustainable tourism. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship among expectation, perception, and satisfaction of the undergraduate students receiving tourism education at the tertiary level. It is also aimed to reveal the mediating role of perception between expectation and satisfaction. One of the quantitative methods used in the research process was the causative and correlational model. A total of 675 students participated in this survey conducted at the Tourism Faculty of Akdeniz University. To collect data, expectation of tourism education, perception of tourism education, and satisfaction of academic education scales were used. In the data analysis, parametric tests, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and regression analyses were applied. In this study, it was revealed that 675 students receiving tourism education at the undergraduate level came to school with moderate-level expectations, their perceptions fulfilled their expectations with the experience they had, and their satisfaction levels that emerged as a result of their perceptions were at a moderate level as well. As a result of the t-test performed, it was put forward that there was no difference in their level of satisfaction based on the gender variable; however, a significant difference was determined based on the high school type from which a subject graduated, the current department, class, and age variables. As a result of the correlation analysis, a positive relation was identified between the expectation, perception, and satisfaction variables. The multiple regression analysis indicated that expectation positively affected perception and satisfaction; therewithal, perception affected satisfaction and its sub-dimensions positively. It was also found that the perception had a partial mediating role between expectation and satisfaction in education